Лавровое масло

Лавровое масло

Лавровое маслоэфирное масло, содержится в листьях и стеблях лавра благородного (Laurus nobilis L.), произрастающего на Балканском полуострове, на Южном Кавказе, на побережье Средиземного моря, в Англии и других странах.

Свойства

Лавровое масло — подвижная бесцветная или светло-жёлтая жидкость со специфическим пряным запахом и острым вкусом.

Растворимо в бензилбензоате, диэтилфталате, растительных маслах, нерастворимо в воде, глицерине и минеральных маслах.

Кислотное
число
Эфирное
число
ЛД50, г/кг
0,9217 ÷ 0,9296 1,469 ÷ 1,470 -13 ÷ -14 не более 3 30 ÷ 50 3,95 крысы (перорально),
> 5 кролики (накожно)

Химический состав

В состав масла входят цинеол (30 — 70%), (-)-линалоол, мирцен, (+)-лимонен, α- и β-фелландрены, элемен, α- и β-пинены, камфен, 3-карен, сабинен, β-селинен, кадинен, кариофиллен, терпинеол, гераниол и другие компоненты.

Получение

Получают из листьев и их отходов, стеблей и мелких неодеревеневших веток путём отгонки с паром, выход масла 0,5 — 0,6%.

Основной производитель — страны Средиземноморья.

Применение

Применяют в пищевой промышленности, при консервации, для ароматизации поваренной соли, как компонент пищевых эссенций, парфюмерных композиций и отдушек для косметических изделий.

Примечания

Литература

  • Дебу К. И., Менделеев Д. И., Чельцов П. М. Лавровое масло // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907.
  • Финкельштейн Л. О. Бобковое или лавровое масло // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907.
  • Хейфиц Л. А., Дашунин В. М. Душистые вещества и другие продукты для парфюмерии. — М.: Химия, 1994. — 256 с. — 2000 экз. — ISBN 5-7245-0967-9.

Ссылки

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