Галеши

Галеши́ (тал. gološ — «пастух крупного скота») — субэтническая группа талышского народа, проживающая в горных районах на юго-западе провинции Гилян в Иране. Численность 40 000 человек. Ведут полукочевой образ жизни. В начале 1910 года в Астаринском округе Ирана вспыхнуло восстание галешей из-за непомерных налогов.

Язык

Говорят на диалекте талышского языка, иранской группы индоевропейской языковой семьи.

Традиции

Летом галеши занимаются земледелием, пчеловодством на высокогорье. На зиму перемещаются в низины, для выпаса скота на полях оседлого населения.

  • Традиционные ремёсла
    • Изготавливают грубые шерстяные ткани, вяжут. Ремесленную продукцию затем обменивают на продукты земледелия оседлого населения.
  • Традиционное жилище
    • В тёплое время года живут в каменных домах, зимой создают временные жилища.

Религия

Большинство галешей — мусульмане-шииты, но распространены и традиционные верования.

Литература

  • Решетов А. М. Галеши // Народы и религии мира / Глав. ред. В. А. Тишков. М.: Большая Российская Энциклопедия, 1998. С. 131.

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