Banská Štiavnica

Banská Štiavnica
—  Oraș  —

Drapel
Drapel		Stemă
Stemă
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Banská Štiavnica (Slovacia)
Poziția geografică în Slovacia
Coordonate: 48°27′31″N 18°53′35″E ({{PAGENAME}}) / 48.458611111111°N 18.893055555556°E
Țară Slovacia
Regiune Banská Bystrica
DistrictBanská Štiavnica
Atestare Modificați la Wikidata
Guvernare
 - PrimarPavol Balžanka
Suprafață
 - Total46,74 km²
Altitudine621 m.d.m.
Populație (2004)
 - Total10.814 locuitori
 - Densitate231,36 loc./km²
Fus orarCET (+1)
Cod poștal969 24
Prefix telefonic045
Localități înfrățite
 - Hünenberg[*][[Hünenberg (municipality in Switzerland)|​]]Elveția
 - SzékesfehérvárUngaria
Indicativ autoBS
Prezență online
http://www.banskastiavnica.sk
GeoNames Modificați la Wikidata
OpenStreetMap relation Modificați la Wikidata
Modifică date / text Consultați documentația formatului

Banská Štiavnica (în germană Schemnitz, în maghiară Selmecbánya) este un oraș din centrul Slovaciei, situat în munții Štiavnica (în slovacă Štiavnické vrchy). Orașul avea în anul 2005 10.648 locuitori.

Orașul medieval (integral protejat), precum și împrejurimile sale au fost înscrise la 11 decembrie 1993 în lista patrimoniului mondial[1] al Organizației Națiunilor Unite pentru Educație, Știință și Cultură (UNESCO).

Istorie

Banská Štiavnica Starý zámok - Castelul Vechi

Începând cu Evul Mediu, principala activitate din localitate era producerea argintului și aurului. Aici a fost utilizat, pentru prima oară într-o mină, praful de pușcă (1627). O școală de mină a fost fondată aici în 1735, pe care Maria Terezia (1717 – 1780) a transformat-o în Academie, prima de felul acesta. Ca urmare a creării în 1919 a statului Cehoslovacia, această Academie a fost mutată la Sopron, în Ungaria. În anul 1782, Banská Štiavnica era al treilea mare oraș al regatului Ungariei, cu cei 23.192 de locuitori, la care se adăugau peste 40.000 de locuitori ai periferiilor sale, după Bratislava și Debrețin. Începând cu a doua jumătate a secolului al XIX-lea, activitatea minieră a orașului a intrat în declin.

Monumente

Piaţa Preasfintei Treimi[2] din Banská Štiavnica

Orașul păstrează numeroase monumente: Coloana dedicată Preasfintei Treimi din piața cu același nume, Biserica Sfânta Ecaterina, în stil gotic, Casa Hallenbach, tot în stil gotic, Starý zámok[3], Klopačka, edificiu din 1544, biserica gotică Frauenberg, dedicată Preacuratei Fecioare Maria, și, în sfârșit, eleganta Piargska brana (poarta orașului) construită în anul 1544 și refăcută în 1751.

Personalități

Orașe înfrățite

Banská Štiavnica este înfrățită cu cinci orașe ale lumii:

Note

  1. ^ Vd. Locuri din patrimoniul mondial UNESCO
  2. ^ În limba slovacă: Námestie Svätej Trojice
  3. ^ În românește: Castelul Vechi

Surse bibliografice

  • Nouveau Petit Larousse Illustré. Dictionnaire Encyclopédique, Librairie Larousse, Paris, 1929.

Legături externe

Vezi și

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