Índice de preços no consumidor

Desenvolvimento de preços (diversos produtos e serviços) na Alemanha de 1991.

Índice de preços no consumidor (IPC) é usado para observar tendências de inflação. É calculado com base no preço médio necessário para comprar um conjunto de bens de consumo e serviços num país, comparando com períodos anteriores. O índice, calculado por institutos nacionais de estatística, tem em conta a variação percentual dos preços de certos bens num determinado período, comparado com o período anterior, e é um dos índices económicos mais utilizados: assim, o IPC é medido.[1]

O índice mede as mudanças de preços de uma cesta de consumo (que pode variar entre os países) representando os custos de vida num período e numa região definida, e é normalmente calculado com uma base mensal. Além do IPC, é normal o cálculo de vários sub-índices tendo em conta certos sectores e / ou tipos de produtos. É também possível calcular o IPC para produtos individuais; para isso basta dividir o preço atual pelo preço do período base e multiplicar por 100.

IPC em Portugal

Em Portugal, o IPC é calculado pelo Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE) e reportado mensalmente. Em 2019, o IPC em Portugal registava 0,3%; o que significa que houve um aumento geral do preço dos bens e serviços em 0.3% comparado com o ano anterior. [2]

IPC no Brasil

No Brasil, o órgão que executa a pesquisa é o IBGE. São pesquisadas famílias que residem em áreas urbanas e que ganham de 1 a 40 salários mínimos, independente da fonte desses rendimentos.

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ «Índice de preços no consumidor». Infopédia, Enciclopédia de Língua Portuguesa da Porto Editora. Consultado em 10 de maio de 2018 
  2. ↑ «Taxa de Inflação (Taxa de Variação do Índice de Preços no Consumidor): total e por consumo individual por objectivo». Pordata, Base de Dados de Portugal Contemporâneo. Consultado em 22 de abril de 2020 
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