Tiruvanantapura

Índia Tiruvanantapura

തിരുവനന്തപുരം

 
  Cidade  
Imagens de Tiruvanantapura
Imagens de Tiruvanantapura
Imagens de Tiruvanantapura
Gentílico Trivandrumite
Localização
Tiruvanantapura está localizado em: Índia
Tiruvanantapura
Localização de Tiruvanantapura na Índia
Coordenadas 8° 26′ 25″ N, 76° 55′ 25″ L
País Índia
Estado Querala
Prefeito Arya Rajendran
Características geográficas
Área total 214 km²
População total (2020) 957 730 hab.
Densidade 4 475,4 hab./km²
 • Línguas oficiais Malaiala, Inglês
Altitude 10 m
Código postal 695xxx
Prefixo telefónico 0471
Sítio www.corporationoftrivandrum.in

Tiruvanantapura[1] (em malaiala: തിരുവനന്തപുരം, "Tiruvaṉantapuraṁ"), ou ainda Trivandrum, é a capital do estado de Querala, na Índia. É um porto no mar da Arábia, no sul do seu estado. Tem cerca de 942 mil habitantes. Tiruvanantapura é uma cidade de grande importância estratégica na Índia do Sul, com um papel fulcral na logística militar e aviação civil no território indiano. É uma cidade muito antiga, com vestígios arqueológicos do século X a.C..

Geografia

O templo de Seri Padmanabhaswamy, em Tiruvanantapura

Tiruvanantapura está construída sobre colinas junto ao Oceano Índico (8°30'N 76º55'E) na costa oeste, perto do extremo sul do subcontinente indiano. A cidade e os subúrbios cobrem uma área de cerca de 250 km², entre os Gates Ocidentais e o Mar da Arábia. A altitude média é de 5 m.

A zona pode dividir-se em duas regiões geográficas, o centro e as terras baixas. A região inclui colinas baixas e os vales adjacentes aos Gates. As terras baixas compreende as costas, rios e deltas, salpicados de coqueiros. Há lagos de água doce e praias.

Clima

Tiruvanantapura tem clima tropical e, portanto, não há variação grande entre estações. A média de temperatura máxima é de 34 °C e a temperatura mínima média é de 21 °C. A umidade é alta e chega a 90% durante a temporada das monções. Tiruvanantapura é a primeira cidade ao longo da rota do sudoeste das monções e começa a chover muito em início de Junho. A cidade recebe fortes precipitações de cerca de 1700 mm/ano. A chuva de retrocesso de nordeste das monções passa em Outubro. A estação seca é em geral em Dezembro. De Dezembro a Fevereiro o clima é um pouco mais fresco, e de Março a Maio mais quente.

Educação

Tiruvanantapura é um importante centro académico. A Universidade de Querala tem aqui a sua sede. A cidade também conta com vários colégios profissionais de engenharia, medicina, ayurveda, homeopatia, direito, etc. A cidade é a capital de estado da Índia com maior taxa de alfabetização[2] e a mais desenvolvida socialmente.[3]

Referências

  1. Paulo, Correia (Verão de 2020). «Toponímia da Índia — breve análise» (PDF). Bruxelas: a folha — Boletim da língua portuguesa nas instituições europeias. p. 4. ISSN 1830-7809. Consultado em 8 de outubro de 2020 
  2. Census Department - Number of Literates & Literacy Rates (Excluding J & K). «Literacy rate in Indian states and Union Territories». Consultado em 16 de setembro de 2006 
  3. «Education for All: The Quality Imperative» (PDF). UNESCO - EFA (Education for All) Global Monitoring Report,(2003). Consultado em 23 de março de 2009 
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