Salada

 Nota: Para outros significados, veja Salada (desambiguação).
Ilustração de uma salada de legumes e frutas.

As saladas são preparações culinárias compostas por vários alimentos diferentes, muitas vezes com cores constrastantes e geralmente comidas frias.[1] A palavra salada vem do latim para salgado, referindo o ingrediente principal do tempero – sal de cozinha – que pode ser o único elemento extra desta combinação, embora normalmente seja mais elaborado.

Tipos de saladas

Existem diversos tipos diferentes de saladas:[2]

  1. As saladas à base de vegetais crus, normalmente com folhas verdes, por exemplo, de alface, agrião, chicória, ou outras e tomate, rabanetes, pepino, podendo levar ainda nozes ou outras frutas secas e temperadas com um molho não cozinhado à base de azeite (ou outro óleo) e vinagre ou sumo de limão;
  2. As saladas à base de massas alimentícias ou misturadas com outros vegetais crus, por vezes com pequenos pedaços de carne (principalmente fiambre) ou peixe e temperadas com um molho de maionese; pertence a este grupo a tradicional salada de atum.
  3. Saladas de frutas são feitas de frutas, e incluem o coquetel de frutas que podem ser feitos a partir de frutas frescas ou em conserva.[3]
  4. Para confirmação oficial a tradicional comida Portuguesa "Salada Fria" não é considerada uma salada.
  5. Nas diferentes culturas as saladas são consumidas de formas diferentes, por exemplo:
  • Na França e nos restaurantes dos Estados Unidos (mas não em casa, nem quando se consome comida rápida), a salada é servida antes do prato principal, como uma espécie de aperitivo;
  • Em Portugal, a salada de alface (e suas variantes) é servida como um acompanhamento do prato principal, enquanto que o primeiro prato é muitas vezes a sopa;
  • Em Moçambique, muitas pessoas pobres das cidades comem apenas uma salada como a refeição principal do dia; a salada como refeição principal está igualmente a tornar-se comum nos países industrializados, mas como forma de variar a dieta, havendo inclusivamente restaurantes que servem exclusivamente saladas.
  • No Chipre, a salada-da-aldeia, com pepino e queijo feta é considerada uma iguaria nacional.

Propriedades nutricionais das saladas

Possuem baixas calorias: ajudam nas dietas para perda de peso.[4] Fornecem vitaminas, minerais e fibras: auxiliando o bom funcionamento do organismo. Contêm alto teor de água: hidratam o corpo, especialmente em dias quentes.

Saladas exigem pouco tempo para o preparo: podem constituir uma refeição prática. Elas possibilitam a mistura de várias cores: tornando o visual bonito e atrativo. São facilmente digeridas pelo organismo: proporcionam uma sensação de bem estar após o consumo. Permitem a combinação de diversos sabores e texturas: você pode deixá-la sempre ao seu gosto.

Referências

  1. ↑ Augusto Martins, Camilla. Alimente-se bem 50 receitas nutritivas com cereais e leguminosos. SESI SENAI Editora. página 41. ISBN 8582050984
  2. ↑ Herz Lacombe, Maria Rosa; Herz Lacombe, Lucia. Celeiro Culinaria. Senac. página XLVI. ISBN 8577560147
  3. ↑ Melissa Barlow, Stephanie Ashcraft. Things to Do with a Salad: One Hundred One Things to Do With a Salad. Gibbs Smith, 2006. ISBN 1-4236-0013-4. 128 páginas, página 7.
  4. ↑ Cordás, Táki Athanássios; Kachani, Adriana Trejger. Nutrição em psiquiatria. Artmed. pp. 142. 416 páginas. ISBN 853632130X

Leitura adicional

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