Renânia-Palatinado

Alemanha Renânia-Palatinado

Land Rheinland-Pfalz

 
  Estado da Alemanha  
Símbolos
Bandeira de Renânia-Palatinado
Bandeira		 Brasão de armas de Renânia-Palatinado
Brasão de armas
Localização
Localização de Renânia-Palatinado na Alemanha
Localização de Renânia-Palatinado na Alemanha
Localização de Renânia-Palatinado na Alemanha
Coordenadas
História
Fundação 30 de Agosto de 1946
Administração
Capital Mainz
Ministro-presidente Alexander Schweitzer
Partidos SPD
Grüne
FDP
Características geográficas
Área total 19,854,21 km²
População total (31 Dez. 2021) 4 106 485 hab.
Informações
 • Línguas Alemão
 • Fuso horário GMT+1
 • Horário de verão GMT+2
Indicadores
IDH (2021) 0,929 — muito alto
 • Posição 11°
PIB (2021) US$180,936 Bilhões
 • Posição 7°
PIB per capita (2020) €34,673 (9°)
Outras informações
Código ISO DE-RP
Sítio www.rlp.de

A Renânia-Palatinado (em alemão: Rheinland-Pfalz) é um dos 16 estados (Länder) da Alemanha, situado no sudoeste do país e parte da Eurorregião Saar-Lor-Lux. Sua capital e maior cidade é Mainz (aportuguesada como Mogúncia).

Foi criado em 1946 pela unificação do sul da Província do Reno e oeste de Hesse-Nassau da Prússia com o distrito administrativo de Palatinado da Baviera e o Hesse Renano do Estado Popular de Hesse, tendo como seus limites os estados da Renânia do Norte-Vestfália ao norte, Hesse a leste, Baden-Württemberg a sudeste, Sarre a sudoeste, os departamentos franceses do Baixo Reno e de Mosela a sul, Luxemburgo a oeste, e a província belga de Liège a noroeste.

Divisão Administrativa

A Renânia-Palatinado está dividida em 24 distritos (Kreise, singular Kreis; ou ainda distritos rurais: Landkreise, singular Landkreis) e 12 cidades independentes (kreisfreie Städte).

Mapa da Renânia-Palatinado mostrando os limites distritais
Mapa da Renânia-Palatinado mostrando os limites distritais

24 distritos (Kreise) da Renânia-Palatinado.
  1. Ahrweiler
  2. Altenkirchen
  3. Alzey-Worms
  4. Bad Dürkheim
  5. Bad Kreuznach
  6. Bernkastel-Wittlich
  7. Birkenfeld
  8. Cochem-Zell
  1. Distrito do Donnersberg (Donnersbergkreis)
  2. Bitburg-Prüm
  3. Germersheim
  4. Kaiserslautern
  5. Kusel
  6. Mainz-Bingen
  7. Mayen-Coblença (Mayen-Koblenz)
  8. Neuwied
  1. Distrito do Reno-Hunsrück (Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis)
  2. Distrito do Reno-Lano (Rhein-Lahn-Kreis)
  3. Distrito do Reno-Palatinado (Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis)
  4. Estrada do Vinho do Sudoeste (Südliche Weinstraße)
  5. Palatinado do Sudoeste (Südwestpfalz)
  6. Tréveris-Sarreburgo (Trier-Saarburg)
  7. Eifel Vulcânico (Vulkaneifel)
  8. Distrito da Floresta Ocidental (Westerwaldkreis)

12 cidades independentes (kreisfreie Städte):

  1. Frankenthal
  2. Kaiserslautern
  3. Coblença (Koblenz)
  4. Landau
  5. Ludwigshafen no Reno (Ludwigshafen am Rhein)
  6. Mainz
  7. Neustadt na Estrada do Vinho (Neustadt an der Weinstrasse)
  8. Pirmasens
  9. Espira (Speyer)
  10. Tréveris (Trier)
  11. Worms
  12. Zweibrücken

Até 31 de dezembro de 1999, os distritos da Renânia-Palatinado estavam agrupados em três regiões administrativas (Regierungsbezirke): Coblença (Koblenz), Tréveris (Trier) e Hesse Renano-Palatinado (Rheinhessen-Pfalz), quando foram dissolvidas.

Demografia

Religião

Fé Religiosa em 2022
Religião Montante Porcentagem
Catolicismo 1,491,130 35,9%
Protestantismo 1,008,874 24,3%
Ateísmo e outras 1,659,146 39,9%

A Renânia-Palatinado é um estado tradicionalmente católico, sendo o segundo estado mais religioso da Alemanha e o terceiro com maior proporção de católicos, mas juntamente com o resto do país, mostra uma forte tendência de queda na fé religiosa.[1]

Monumentos culturais

A Renânia-Palatinado possui uma rica herança cultural, com mais de 2000 anos de história, com várias cidades do estado sendo fundadas na época do Império Romano. Os Romanos deixaram construções importantes e um grande número de relíquias históricas. Na Idade Média, reis, imperadores, arcebispos e eleitores alemães que governavam a região também deixaram edifícios históricos no estado.

Política

Eleições regionais

Ano % D % D % D % D % D % D % D % D
CDU SPD FDP KPD DRP NPD GRÜ AfD
1947 47,2 48 34,3 34 9,8 11 8,7 8
1951 39,2 43 34,0 38 16,7 19 4,4 - 0,5 -
1955 46,8 51 31,7 37 12,7 12 3,2 - 2,9 -
1959 48,4 52 34,9 37 9,7 10 5,1 1
1963 44,4 46 40,7 43 10,1 11 3,2 -
1967 46,7 49 36,8 39 8,3 8 6,9 4
1971 50,0 53 40,5 44 5,9 3 2,7 -
1975 53,9 55 38,5 40 5,6 5 1,1 -
1979 50,1 51 42,3 43 6,4 6 0,7 -
1983 51,9 57 39,6 43 3,5 - 0,2 - 4,5 -
1987 45,1 48 38,9 40 7,3 7 0,8 - 5,9 5
1991 38,7 40 44,8 47 6,9 7 6,5 7
1996 38,7 41 39,8 43 8,9 10 0,4 - 6,9 7
2001 35,3 38 44,8 49 7,8 8 0,5 - 5,2 6
2006 32,8 38 45,6 53 8,0 10 1,2 - 4,6 -
2011 35,3 41 35,7 42 4,3 - 1,1 - 15,4 18
2016 31,8 35 36,2 39 6,2 7 0,5 - 5,3 6 12,6 14

Governos Estaduais

Período Partidos de Governo Maioria
1946-1947 CDU SPD KPD Governo provisório
1947 CDU Governo provisório
1947-1948 CDU SPD FDP KPD
101 / 101
1948-1951 CDU SPD
82 / 101
1951-1955 CDU FDP
62 / 100
1955-1959 CDU FDP
63 / 100
1959-1963 CDU FDP
62 / 100
1963-1967 CDU FDP
67 / 100
1967-1969 CDU FDP
57 / 100
1969-1971 CDU FDP
57 / 100
1971-1975 CDU
53 / 100
1975-1976 CDU
55 / 100
1976-1979 CDU
55 / 100
1979-1983 CDU
51 / 100
1983-1987 CDU
57 / 100
1987-1988 CDU FDP
55 / 100
1988-1991 CDU FDP
55 / 100
1991-1994 SPD FDP
54 / 101
1994-1996 SPD FDP
54 / 101
1996-2001 SPD FDP
53 / 101
2001-2006 SPD FDP
55 / 101
2006-2011 SPD
53 / 101
2011-2013 SPD GRÜ
60 / 101
2013-2016 SPD GRÜ
60 / 101
2016- SPD FDP GRÜ
52 / 101

Lista de Ministros-Presidente

Presidente Início Fim Partido
Wilhelm Boden 1946 1947 União Democrata-Cristã
Peter Altmaier 1947 1969 União Democrata-Cristã
Helmut Kohl 1969 1976 União Democrata-Cristã
Bernhard Vogel 1976 1988 União Democrata-Cristã
Carl-Ludwig Wagner 1988 1991 União Democrata-Cristã
Rudolf Scharping 1991 1994 Partido Social-Democrata
Kurt Beck 1994 2013 Partido Social-Democrata
Malu Dreyer 2013 - Partido Social-Democrata

Referências

  1. ↑ «Statistik: Religionszugehörigkeit in Deutschland». Kirchenaustritt.de (em alemão). Consultado em 25 de maio de 2023 


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