Frísia do Norte

Frísia do Norte
Brasão de Frísia do Norte
Brasão de Frísia do Norte

brasão
Localização de Frísia do Norte na Alemanha
Localização de Frísia do Norte na Alemanha

mapa
Dados
Estado Schleswig-Holstein
Capital Husum
Área 2 048,61 km²
População (31-03-2007) 166 827 hab.
Densidade 81 hab/km²
Placa de veículo NF
Website www.nordfriesland.de
Administração distrital
Endereço Marktstraße 6
25813 Husum
Administrador Dieter Harrsen
Partido WG NF
Localização no Estado

A Frísia do Norte (em alemão: Nordfriesland) é um distrito (kreis ou landkreis) da Alemanha localizado no estado de Schleswig-Holstein.[1][2]

A Frísia do Norte é onde o dialeto setentrional da língua frísia é falado.

História

O mar sempre teve uma forte influência na região. Nos tempos medievais, as marés de tempestade tornaram a vida no que hoje é Nordfriesland bastante perigosa. Somente nos tempos modernos a perda de terras e vidas pôde ser interrompida com a construção de diques sólidos. Muitas aldeias que antes existiam estão agora no fundo do mar. O exemplo mais conhecido é o pequeno porto marítimo de Rungholt, que foi destruído por uma onda de tempestade em 1362. A ilha de Strand desapareceu na inundação de Burchardi, outra tempestade desastrosa em 1634. Após esta onda de tempestade, havia muitas ilhotas pequenas em vez de Strand.[3][4]

De aproximadamente 1200 até 1864, a área que hoje é Nordfriesland era uma parte do Ducado de Schleswig, que em si não era diretamente uma parte do Reino Dinamarquês, mas um feudo da coroa dinamarquesa e ligado aos reis da Dinamarca por união pessoal como uma entidade separada. Nordfriesland ainda é um distrito multilíngue: há pessoas falando alemão padrão, baixo alemão, frísio do norte e dinamarquês, incluindo a Jutlândia do Sul. A língua frísia do norte existe em nove dialetos ligeiramente diferentes, mas é usada principalmente por cidadãos mais velhos na Nordfriesland continental. Uma comunidade relativamente animada de falantes frísios existe nas ilhas de Föhr e Amrum. Depois de se tornar alemão, três distritos foram estabelecidos na região: Südtondern no norte, Husum no centro e Eiderstedt no sul. Em 1970, estes três distritos foram fundidos para formar o distrito de Nordfriesland.[3][4]

Cidades e municípios

Populações em 31 de dezembro de 2006:

Cidades:
  1. Bredstedt (5050)
  2. Friedrichstadt (2492)
  3. Husum * (22358)
  4. Tönning (5025)
  5. Westerland (8973)
 Município:
  1. Reußenköge (343)

Estas cidades e município são chamados Amtsfreie Städte ou Amtsfreie Gemeinden por não pertencerem a nenhum Amt (vide abaixo). A cidade indicada por asterisco (*) é sede de um Amt.

Ämter (singular: Amt; português: "escritório", "secretaria"), e seus municípios membros:

  1. Ahrenshöft (513)
  2. Almdorf (541)
  3. Bohmstedt (759)
  4. Breklum (2298)
  5. Drelsdorf (1286)
  6. Goldebek (356)
  7. Goldelund (392)
  8. Högel (445)
  9. Joldelund (722)
  10. Kolkerheide (63)
  11. Lütjenholm (32)
  12. Sönnebüll (242)
  13. Struckum (1024)
  14. Vollstedt (170)
  1. Garding, cidade (2694)
  2. Garding, Kirchspiel (311)
  3. Grothusenkoog (22)
  4. Katharinenheerd (182)
  5. Kotzenbüll (229)
  6. Norderfriedrichskoog (38)
  7. Oldenswort (1302)
  8. Osterhever (245)
  9. Poppenbüll (209)
  10. Sankt Peter-Ording (4072)
  11. Tating (988)
  12. Tetenbüll (628)
  13. Tümlauer Koog (108)
  14. Vollerwiek (217)
  15. Welt (220)
  16. Westerhever (131)
  1. Alkersum (405)
  2. Borgsum (353)
  3. Dunsum (67)
  4. Midlum (363)
  5. Nebel (932)
  6. Nieblum (611)
  7. Norddorf (623)
  8. Oevenum (496)
  9. Oldsum (571)
  10. Süderende (185)
  11. Utersum (415)
  12. Witsum (44)
  13. Wittdün (683)
  14. Wrixum (663)
  15. Wyk auf Föhr, cidade (4445)
  1. Hörnum (935)
  2. Kampen (621)
  3. List (2549)
  4. Rantum (575)
  5. Sylt-Ost (5871)
  6. Wenningstedt-Braderup (1553)
  1. Arlewatt (340)
  2. Drage (595)
  3. Elisabeth-Sophien-Koog (45)
  4. Fresendelf (94)
  5. Hattstedt (2475)
  6. Hattstedtermarsch (325)
  7. Horstedt (754)
  8. Hude (208)
  9. Koldenbüttel (928)
  10. Mildstedt (3687)
  11. Nordstrand (2234)
  12. Oldersbek (666)
  13. Olderup (461)
  14. Ostenfeld (1549)
  15. Ramstedt (441)
  16. Rantrum (1604)
  17. Schwabstedt (1355)
  18. Seeth (710)
  19. Simonsberg (865)
  20. Süderhöft (19)
  21. Südermarsch (148)
  22. Uelvesbüll (278)
  23. Winnert (754)
  24. Wisch (129)
  25. Wittbek (806)
  26. Witzwort (989)
  27. Wobbenbüll (484)
  1. Gröde (13)
  2. Hooge (81)
  3. Langeneß (127)
  4. Pellworm (1124)
  1. Bargum (616)
  2. Bordelum (2016)
  3. Langenhorn (3134)
  4. Ockholm (373)
  1. Achtrup (1571)
  2. Aventoft (476)
  3. Bosbüll (211)
  4. Braderup (685)
  5. Bramstedtlund (227)
  6. Dagebüll (948)
  7. Ellhöft (122)
  8. Emmelsbüll-Horsbüll (1029)
  9. Enge-Sande (1150)
  10. Friedrich-Wilhelm-Lübke-Koog (157)
  11. Galmsbüll (677)
  12. Holm (82)
  13. Humptrup (790)
  14. Karlum (216)
  15. Klanxbüll (950)
  16. Klixbüll (944)
  17. Ladelund (1496)
  18. Leck (7680)
  19. Lexgaard (61)
  20. Neukirchen (1289)
  21. Niebüll, cidade (9019)
  22. Risum-Lindholm (3617)
  23. Rodenäs (456)
  24. Sprakebüll (223)
  25. Stadum (1046)
  26. Stedesand (857)
  27. Süderlügum (2227)
  28. Tinningstedt (207)
  29. Uphusum (403)
  30. Westre (406)
  1. Ahrenviöl (513)
  2. Ahrenviölfeld (259)
  3. Behrendorf (605)
  4. Bondelum (205)
  5. Haselund (917)
  6. Immenstedt (658)
  7. Löwenstedt (677)
  8. Norstedt (423)
  9. Oster-Ohrstedt (667)
  10. Schwesing (918)
  11. Sollwitt (314)
  12. Viöl (1922)
  13. Wester-Ohrstedt (1116)
Cidades, municípios e Ämter do distrito da Frísia do Norte.

Referências

  1. ↑ «Statistikamt Nord: Bevölkerung in Schleswig-Holstein am 31. Dezember 2011 nach Kreisen, Ämtern, amtsfreien Gemeinden und Städten» (PDF) (em alemão). Statistisches Amt für Hamburg und Schleswig-Holstein 
  2. ↑ «Statistisches Bundesamt – Gemeinden in Deutschland nach Bevölkerung am 31.12.2011 auf Grundlage des Zensus 2011 und früherer Zählungen» (em alemão). Einwohnerzahlen auf Grundlage des Zensus 2011 
  3. ↑ a b Thomas Steensen: Nordfriesland im 19. und 20. Jh. In: Nordfriisk Instituut (Hrsg.): Geschichte Nordfrieslands. Heide 1995, S. 429–435.
  4. ↑ a b Statistisches Landesamt Schleswig-Holstein (Hrsg.): . Statistisches Landesamt Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel 1972, S.21 .
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