Família Mandacúnio

Mandacúnio (em latim: Mandacunius), Mantacunes (em grego: Μανταχουνής; romaniz.: Mantachounḗs) ou Mandacuni (em armênio: Մանդակունի; romaniz.: Mandakuni) foi uma família nobre (nacarar) da Armênia ativa durante a Antiguidade e começo da Idade Média.

Nome

Mandacúnio (Mandacunius[1]) é a forma latinizada do armênio Mandacuni (em armênio/arménio: Մանդակունի, Mandakuni). O nome da família é formado por *Mandaque (*Մանդակ, *Mandak) e o sufixo -uni (-ունի), que é utilizado para se referir aos membros de uma linhagem.[2] De acordo com a tradição preservada por Moisés de Corene, a família deriva seu nome de Miandaco (Միանդակ, Miandak), um indivíduo a quem o mítico Valarsaces I nomeou como caçador.[3] Vardan Oskanyan propôs que o nome deriva da planta mandak (մանդակ).[4] Foi registrado em grego como Mantacunes (Μανταχουνής, Mantachounḗs).[5]

História

Expansão dos domínios Mamicônios. Asmúnia está ao centro

Cyril Toumanoff atribuiu-lhes origem dinástica cáspio-meda ou mínio-maneia.[6] Supostamente eram remanescentes do enclave maneu ou manda da Armênia Ocidental; os povos manda e sala aparecem nos registros do Império Hitita.[7] Moisés de Corene alegou que os Mandacúnios descendiam de Miandaco, homem inflexível a quem o mítico Valarsaces I deu a missão de guardar as montanhas e caçar cabras selvagens.[3] Asmúnia era seu apanágio.[7] A Lista Militar (Զորնամակ, Zōrnamak), o documento que indica a quantidade de cavaleiros que cada uma das famílias nobres devia ceder ao exército real em caso de convocação, afirma que deviam arregimentar 300 cavaleiros.[8] A Lista de Trono (Գահնամակ, gahnamak) os menciona em 47.ª posição entre as casas nobres.[9] Moisés citou um falso Artavasdes no século III em substituição ao histórico Artavasdes I.[10] No século V, Isaque e Farasmanes lutaram na revolta de Vardanes II (450–451) contra o xainxá Isdigerdes II (r. 438–457) e João I (r. 470–490) assumiu a posição de católico. Depois, a casa deixa de ser mencionada e pode ter desaparecido.[11]

Referências

  1. ↑ Moisés de Corene 1736, p. Index Mandacunius.
  2. ↑ Ačaṙyan 1942–1962, p. 330.
  3. ↑ a b Moisés de Corene 1978, p. 142.
  4. ↑ Oskanyan 1997, p. 25.
  5. ↑ Toumanoff 1963, p. 212, nota 239.
  6. ↑ Toumanoff 1963, p. 110, nota 173; 198, nota 223.
  7. ↑ a b Toumanoff 1963, p. 212.
  8. ↑ Toumanoff 1963, p. 240.
  9. ↑ Toumanoff 1963, p. 252.
  10. ↑ Moisés de Corene 1978, p. 225-226.
  11. ↑ Toumanoff 1963, p. 212.

Bibliografia

  • Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1942–1962). «Միանդակ». Hayocʻ anjnanunneri baṙaran [Dictionary of Personal Names of Armenians]. Erevã: Imprensa da Universidade de Erevã 
  • Moisés de Corene (1978). Thomson, Robert W., ed. History of the Armenians. Cambrígia, Massachusetts; Londres: Harvard University Press 
  • Moisés de Corene (1736). Historiae Armeniacae libri III. Londres: Caroli Ackers 
  • Oskanyan, Vardan (1997). Asatryan, G., ed. «Buyseri ew kendanineri anvanumnerə iranakan cʻeġanunnerum [Plant and Animal Names in Iranian Ethnonyms]». Erevã. Iran-namē : Arewelagitakan handēs [Iran-nameh: Armenian Journal of Oriental Studies] (26–28) 
  • Toumanoff, Cyril (1963). Studies in Christian Caucasian History. Washington: Georgetown University Press 

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