Dinastia de Trastâmara

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A dinastia de Trastâmara, fundada pelo rei Henrique II,[1] governou o reino de Castela de 1369 a 1516 [2]. Pelo Compromisso de Caspe, celebrado em 1412 na sequência da morte sem herdeiros de Martim I de Aragão, foi inaugurado um novo ramo da dinastia de Trastâmara na Coroa de Aragão, onde passou a governar Fernando de Antequera,[3] segundo filho de João I de Castela e neto de Henrique II.

A casa (um ramo colateral da reinante Casa de Borgonha[4] tomou seu nome do Condado de Trastâmara, no noroeste da Galiza, condado referido ao rio Tambre,[nota 1] título que ostentava Henrique II (após a guerra civil que terminou com a morte em 1369 do seu meio-irmão paterno Pedro I de Castela), desde 1345, juntamente com os títulos de conde de Lemos e Sarria, por ter prohijado por o nobre asturiano Rodrigo Alvares.[5]

Dinastia de origem bastarda e fratricida; mas tronco de descendentes ilustres dotados de mentes abertas e virtudes políticas, segundo o historiador Ramón Menéndez Pidal,[6] é casa dinástica de alguns personagens conhecidos da história espanhola que se destacam, entre eles:

O último monarca desta casa em governar na Espanha foi a rainha Joana I a Louca, que deu passo com o seu filho, Carlos I, ao governo da Espanha por reis da casa de Habsburgo.

Genealogia dos reis da Casa de Trastâmara: em amarelo os reis de Castela, em vermelho os da Coroa de Aragão, em azul os de Navarra. Ao casar-se com Catarina de Lencastre (neta e herdeira de Pedro I), Henrique III recuperou a legitimidade dinástica perdida pela usurpação de Henrique II.

Notas

  1. ↑ Indicando a zona detrás do Tambre, ("Trans Tameris"), até o mar

Referências

  1. ↑ Valdeón Baruque 2001, p. 15
  2. ↑ Valdeón Baruque 2001, p. 11
  3. ↑ Valdeón Baruque 2001, p. 44 e 107
  4. ↑ A Casa de Borgonha (de Espanha) tem origem no Condado de Borgonha, não sendo aparentada com a Casa de Borgonha (de Portugal) com origem no Ducado de Borgonha
  5. ↑ Valdeón Baruque 2001, p. 23
  6. ↑ Valdeón Baruque 2001, p. 14

Bibliografia

  • Valdeón Baruque, Julio (2001). Los Trastámaras: El triunfo de una dinastía bastarda (em espanhol). Madrid: Temas de Hoy, S.A. ISBN 84-8460-129-3 
O Commons possui uma categoria com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre a Dinastia de Trastâmara

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