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Wiki markup, also known as wikitext or wikicode, consists of the syntax and keywords used by the MediaWiki software to format a page. To learn how to see this markup, and to save an edit, see: Help:Editing. There is a short list of markup and tips at Help:Cheatsheet.
In addition to wiki markup, some HTML elements are also allowed for presentation formatting. See Help:HTML in wikitext for information on this.
ਫਰਮਾ:VE documentation
Sections in a page will follow the page's lead/introduction and (under certain conditions,) the Table of Contents.
The = through ====== markup are headings for the sections with which they are associated.
=
======
[edit]
== Section ==
=== Subsection ===
==== Sub-subsection ====
And so on.
Wiki headings translate to HTML heading elements, <h1> through <h6>, styled as follows by default:
<h1>
<h6>
ਮਦਦ:HTML in wikitext
Templates: {{fake heading}} for use in documentation.
The horizontal rule represents a paragraph-level thematic break. Do not use in article content, as rules are only used after main sections, and this is automatic.
----
ਫਰਮਾ:Crlf2
HTML equivalent: <hr />
<hr />
When a page has at least four headings, a table of contents (TOC) will automatically appear after the lead and before the first heading. The TOC can be controlled by magic words or templates:
__FORCETOC__
__TOC__
__NOTOC__
Line breaks or newlines are used to add whitespace between lines, such as separating paragraphs.
A single newline here has no effect on the layout. But an empty line starts a new paragraph, or ends a list or an indented part.
ਫਰਮਾ:Crlf2 A single newline here has no effect on the layout.
But an empty line starts a new paragraph, or ends a list or an indented part.
HTML equivalent: <br> or <br />
<br>
<br />
Templates:
Indentation is most commonly used on talk pages.
Indentation as used on talk pages: :Each colon at the start of a line ::causes the line to be indented by three more character positions. :::(The indentation persists so long as no carriage return or line break is used.) :::Repeat the indentation at any line break. ::::Use an extra colon for each response. :::::And so forth ... ::::::And so on ... {{Outdent|::::::}}The outdent template can give a visual indicator that we're deliberately cancelling the indent (6 levels here)
Indentation as used on talk pages:
so long as no carriage return or line break is used.)
ਫਰਮਾ:OutdentThe outdent template can give a visual indicator that we're deliberately cancelling the indent (6 levels here)
Templates: {{outdent}}, {{outdent2}}
When there is a need for separating a block of text. This is useful for (as the name says) inserting blocks of quoted (and cited) text.
<blockquote> The '''blockquote''' tag will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does. </blockquote>
The blockquote tag will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does.
<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Centered text</div>
Template {{center}} uses the same markup. To center a table, see Help:Table#Centering tables. Please do not use <center>...</center>, as it is obsolete.
<center>...</center>
You can align content in a separate container:
<div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;">Text on the right</div>
Or; make the text float around it:
<div class="floatright">Text on the right</div>
{{stack|Text on the right}}
Do not leave blank lines between items in a list unless there is a reason to do so, since this causes the MediaWiki software to interpret each item as beginning a new list.
* Item1 * Item2 * Item3 * Item4 ** Sub-item 4 a) *** Sub-item 4 a) 1. **** Sub-item 4 a) 1. i) **** Sub-item 4 a) 1. ii) ** Sub-item 4 b) * Item5
# Item1 # Item2 # Item3 # Item4 ## Sub-item 1 ### Sub-sub-item #### Sub-sub-sub-item ## Sub-item 2 # Item5
To list terms and definitions, start a new line with a semicolon (;) followed by the term. Then, type a colon (:) followed by a definition. The format can also be used for other purposes, such as make and models of vehicles, etc.
Description lists (formerly definition lists, and a.k.a. association lists) consist of group names corresponding to values. Group names (terms) are in bold. Values (definitions) are indented. Each group must include one or more definitions. For a single or first value, the : can be placed on the same line after ; – but subsequent values must be placed on separate lines.
:
;
Error: no text specified (help).
; Term : Definition1
; Term : Definition1 : Definition2 : Definition3 : Definition4
HTML equivalent: <dl> <dt>...</dt>, <dd>...</dd> </dl>
<dl>
<dt>...</dt>
<dd>...</dd>
</dl>
Templates: {{defn}}
The MediaWiki software suppresses single newlines and converts lines starting with a space to preformatted text in a dashed box. HTML suppresses multiple spaces. It is often desirable to retain these elements for poems, lyrics, mottoes, oaths and the like. The Poem extension adds HTML-like <poem>...</poem> tags to maintain newlines and spaces. These tags may be used inside other tags such as <blockquote>...</blockquote>. CSS styles may be applied to this tag, e.g.: <poem style="margin-left: 2em;">.
<poem>...</poem>
<blockquote>...</blockquote>
<poem style="margin-left: 2em;">
<poem> In Xanadu did Kubla Khan A stately pleasure-dome decree: Where Alph, the sacred river, ran Through caverns measureless to man Down to a sunless sea. So twice five miles of fertile ground With walls and towers were girdled round: And there were gardens bright with sinuous rills, Where blossomed many an incense-bearing tree; And here were forests ancient as the hills, Enfolding sunny spots of greenery. </poem>
In Xanadu did Kubla Khan A stately pleasure-dome decree: Where Alph, the sacred river, ran Through caverns measureless to man Down to a sunless sea. So twice five miles of fertile ground With walls and towers were girdled round: And there were gardens bright with sinuous rills, Where blossomed many an incense-bearing tree; And here were forests ancient as the hills, Enfolding sunny spots of greenery.
italics, bold, small capital letters
To ''italicize text'', put two consecutive apostrophes on each side of it. Three apostrophes each side will '''bold the text'''. Five consecutive apostrophes on each side (two for italics plus three for bold) produces '''''bold italics'''''. '''''Italic and bold formatting''''' only works correctly within a single line. For text as {{smallcaps|small caps}}, use the template {{tl|smallcaps}}.
To italicize text, put two consecutive apostrophes on each side of it.
Three apostrophes each side will bold the text.
Five consecutive apostrophes on each side (two for italics plus three for bold) produces bold italics.
Italic and bold formatting only works correctly within a single line.
For text as small caps, use the template {{smallcaps}}.
Small chunks of source code within a line of normal text.
Code is displayed in a monospace font.
function <code>int m2()</code> is nice.
function int m2() is nice.
int m2()
Syntax highlighting for source code.
Computer code has colored text and more stringent formatting. For example, to define a function: int m2(), with highlights.
<syntaxhighlight lang="cpp"> #include <iostream> int m2 (int ax, char *p_ax) { std::cout <<"Hello World!"; return 0; }</syntaxhighlight>
#include <iostream> int m2 (int ax, char *p_ax) { std::cout <<"Hello World!"; return 0; }
Small text
Use <small>small text</small> only when necessary.
Use small text only when necessary.
a <small> span
To match, for example, the font-size used in an [[Help:Visual file markup#Caption|image caption]], the "small" tag can also be used to <small style="font-size:87%;">reduce a text's font-size to 87%</small>.
To match, for example, the font-size used in an image caption, the "small" tag can also be used to reduce a text's font-size to 87%.
Big text
Better not use <big>big text</big>, unless <small>it's <big>within</big> small</small> text.
Better not use big text, unless it's within small text.
To prevent two words from becoming separated by a linewrap (e.g. Mr. Smith or 400 km/h) a non-breaking space, sometimes also called a "non-printing character", may be used between them. (For three or more words, the template {{nowrap}} is probably more suitable.)
Mr. Smith or 400 km/h
Mr. Smith or 400 km/h
Extra spacing within text is usually best achieved using the {{pad}} template.
Mary {{pad|4.0em}} had a little lamb.
Mary had a little lamb.
Special characters can often be displayed using numeric character references or character entity references. See Character encodings in HTML for more information. For example À and À both render À (A-grave). Percent-encoding can't be used, as it only works in URLs.
À
À
Diacritic marks, using character entity references.
À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç È É Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Œ Ù Ú Û Ü Ÿ ß à á â ã ä å æ ç è é ê ë ì í î ï ñ ò ó ô õ ö ø œ ù ú û ü ÿ
À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ
Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ
Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Œ
Ù Ú Û Ü Ÿ ß
à á â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë
ì í î ï ñ
ò ó ô õ ö ø œ
ù ú û ü ÿ
Using character entity references.
¿ ¡ § ¶ † ‡ • – — ‹ › « » ‘ ’ “ ” ' "
¿ ¡ § ¶
† ‡ • – —
‹ › « »
‘ ’ “ ”
' "
The <pre> and <nowiki> markup tags are also available, for writing "[", "{", "&", "}", "]" for example. These tags prevent these characters from being recognised as wiki markup, which is a possibility in some circumstances.
<pre>
<nowiki>
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤
™ © ®
¢ € ¥ £ ¤
α β γ δ ε ζ Α Β Γ Δ Ε Ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν Η Θ Ι Κ Λ Μ Ν ξ ο π ρ σ ς Ξ Ο Π Ρ Σ τ υ φ χ ψ ω Τ Υ Φ Χ Ψ Ω
Α Β Γ Δ Ε Ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
Η Θ Ι Κ Λ Μ Ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
Ξ Ο Π Ρ Σ
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Τ Υ Φ Χ Ψ Ω
WikiHiero is a software extension that renders Egyptian hieroglyphs as PNG images using <hiero> tags.
<hiero>
Example:
<hiero>P2</hiero>
For example, ♔ displays ♔
<sub>
<sup>
x<sub>1</sub>
<sub>1</sub>
Subscripts
x<sub>1</sub> x<sub>2</sub> x<sub>3</sub> or x₀ x₁ x₂ x₃ x₄ x₅ x₆ x₇ x₈ x₉
x1 x2 x3 or
x₀ x₁ x₂ x₃ x₄
x₅ x₆ x₇ x₈ x₉
Superscripts
x<sup>1</sup> x<sup>2</sup> x<sup>3</sup> or x⁰ x¹ x² x³ x⁴ x⁵ x⁶ x⁷ x⁸ x⁹
x⁰ x¹ x² x³ x⁴
x⁵ x⁶ x⁷ x⁸ x⁹
Combined
ε<sub>0</sub> = 8.85 × 10<sup>−12</sup> C² / J m 1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E+4 m²]]
ε0 = 8.85 × 10−12 C² / J m
1 hectare = 1 E+4 m²
Invisible and PUA (Private Use Areas) characters should be avoided where possible. When needed, they should both be substituted with their (hexa)decimal code values (as "&#(x)...;"). This renders invisible characters visible, for manual editing, and allows AWB to process pages with PUA characters. The latter should also be tagged with the {{PUA}} template for tracking and future maintenance.
×
x
<math>
{{=}}
1=
''
'''
<math>2x \times 4y \div 6z + 8 - \frac {y}{z^2} = 0</math> {{crlf|}} {{math|2x × 4y ÷ 6z + 8 − {{Fraction |y|z<sup>2</sup>}} {{=}} 0}} <math>\sin 2\pi x + \ln e</math> {{math|sin 2π''x'' + ln ''e''}}
2 x × 4 y ÷ 6 z + 8 − y z 2 = 0 {\displaystyle 2x\times 4y\div 6z+8-{\frac {y}{z^{2}}}=0}
2x × 4y ÷ 6z + 8 − y⁄z2 = 0
sin 2 π x + ln e {\displaystyle \sin 2\pi x+\ln e} sin 2πx + ln e
It follows that {{math|''x''<sup>2</sup> ≥ 0}} for real {{mvar|x}}.
It follows that x2 ≥ 0 for real x.
: <math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math>
In Wikipedia and some other wikis, free links are used in wikitext markup to produce internal links between pages, as opposed to the concept of CamelCase for the same purpose, which was used in the early days of Wikipedia – see CamelCase and Wikipedia.
In Wikipedia's markup language, you create free links by putting double square brackets around text designating the title of the page you want to link to. Thus, [[Texas]] will be rendered as Texas. Optionally, you can use a vertical bar (|) to customize the link title. For example, typing [[Texas|Lone Star State]] will produce Lone Star State, a link that is displayed as "Lone Star State" but in fact links to Texas.
[[Texas]]
[[Texas|Lone Star State]]
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport
London has [[public transport]].
London has public transport.
Link to this article: "[[Help:Wiki markup]]" will appear only as bold text.
Link to this article: "Help:Wiki markup" will appear only as bold text.
New York also has [[public transport|public transportation]].
New York also has public transportation.
Automatically hide stuff in parentheses
[[kingdom (biology)|]]
kingdom
[[Seattle, Washington|]]
Automatically hide namespace
[[Wikipedia:Village pump|]]
Village pump
Or both
[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style (headings)|]]
Manual of Style
But this doesn't work for section links
[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Links|]]
<nowiki />
Blending active
San Francisco also has [[public transport]]ation. Examples include [[bus]]es, [[taxicab]]s, and [[tram]]s.
San Francisco also has public transportation. Examples include buses, taxicabs, and trams.
Blending suppressed
A [[micro-]]<nowiki />second.
A micro-second
[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Italics]] is a link to a section within another page.
Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Italics is a link to a section within another page.
[[#Links and URLs]] is a link to another section on the current page. [[#Links and URLs|Links and URLs]] is a link to the same section without showing the # symbol.
#Links and URLs is a link to another section on the current page. Links and URLs is a link to the same section without showing the # symbol.
[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Italics|Italics]] is a piped link to a section within another page.
Italics is a piped link to a section within another page.
Links to pages that don’t exist yet look red.
The article about [[cardboard sandwiches]] doesn't exist yet.
The article about cardboard sandwiches doesn't exist yet.
Redirect to an article
#REDIRECT [[United States]]
Redirect to a section
#REDIRECT [[United States#History]]
See the [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style]].
See the Wikipedia:Manual of Style.
[[language code:Foreign title]]
Link from English article "Plankton" to the Spanish article "Plancton".
"es" is the language code for "español" (the Spanish language).
[[es:Plancton]]
Other examples: French (fr for français), German (de for Deutsch), Russian (ru), and simple English (simple).
fr
de
ru
simple
[[fr:Plancton]] [[de:Plankton]] [[ru:Планктон]] [[simple:Plankton]]
Linking to a page on another wiki in English.
All of these forms lead to the URL http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Hello.
Simple link.
Without prefix.
Named link.
[[Wiktionary:Hello]]
[[Wiktionary:Hello|]]
[[Wiktionary:Hello|Wiktionary definition of "Hello"]]
Wiktionary:Hello
Hello
Wiktionary definition of "Hello"
Linking to a page on another wiki in another language.
All of these forms lead to the URL http://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/bonjour.
[[Wiktionary:fr:bonjour]]
[[Wiktionary:fr:bonjour|]]
[[Wiktionary:fr:bonjour|bonjour]]
Wiktionary:fr:bonjour
fr:bonjour
bonjour
[[Category:Example]]
Categorize an article.
[[Category:Character sets]]
Link to a category.
[[:Category:Character sets]]
Category:Character sets
[[:Category:Character sets|]]
Character sets
http://
https://
irc://
ircs://
ftp://
news://
mailto:
gopher://
%20
Named link with an external link icon
[http://www.wikipedia.org Wikipedia]
Wikipedia
Unnamed link
(Only used within article body for footnotes)
[http://www.wikipedia.org]
[1]
Bare URL
(Bad style)
use <nowiki></nowiki> to keep this bad style from showing
http://www.wikipedia.org
Link without arrow
(Not often used)
<span class="plainlinks">[http://www.wikipedia.org Wikipedia]</span>
Magic links are automatic links for certain unique identifiers, that require no markup. They can be used for ISBN numbers, RFC numbers, and PMID numbers.
ISBN 012345678X
ISBN 0-12-345678-X
Link to a book using [[Special:BookSources/0670037818|alternative text, such as its title]]
Link to a book using alternative text, such as its title
Text mentioning an RFC number anywhere, e.g. RFC 4321.
{{As of|2009|4|df=us}}
ਅਪ੍ਰੈਲ 2009 ਤੱਕ [update]
{{As of|2009|4|df=us|lc=y}}
[[media:Classical guitar scale.ogg|Sound]]
Sound
Using the {{fullurl}} template
[{{fullurl:Help:Wiki markup|action=edit}} edit]
edit
Using the {{Edit}} template
{{edit}}
[[Hindenburg disaster|''Hindenburg'' disaster]]
Hindenburg disaster
It is often desirable to provide an aid to pronunciation for a word. The IPAc-en and Respell templates can be of assistance.
'''Konjac''' {{IPAc-en|lang|pron|ˈ|k|oʊ|n|j|æ|k}}
Konjac English: /ˈkoʊnjæk/
'''Konjac''' ({{IPAc-en|lang|pron|ˈ|k|oʊ|n|j|æ|k}} {{respell|KOHN|yak}})
Konjac (English: /ˈkoʊnjæk/ KOHN-yak)
''Konjac'' is pronounced {{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|oʊ|n|j|æ|k}} in English.
Konjac is pronounced /ˈkoʊnjæk/ in English.
Refer to Wikipedia:Manual of Style (pronunciation) for more information.
Musical notation is added by using the <score>...</score> extension tag. For example:
<score>...</score>
<score>\relative c' { fis d fis a d f e d c cis d e a g f ees }</score>
Only images that have been uploaded to Wikipedia can be used. To upload images, use the upload page. You can find the uploaded image on the image list.
See the Wikipedia's image use policy for the policy used on Wikipedia.
For further help on images, including some more versatile abilities, see the picture tutorial and extended image syntax.
A picture: [[File:wiki.png]]
With alternative text: [[File:wiki.png|alt=Puzzle globe logo]]
With link: [[File:wiki.png|link=Wikipedia]]
Floating to the right side of the page using the ''frame'' attribute and a caption: [[File:wiki.png|frame|alt=Puzzle globe|Wikipedia logo]]
Floating to the right side of the page using the ''thumb'' attribute and a caption: [[File:wiki.png|thumb|alt=Puzzle globe|Wikipedia logo]]
Floating to the right side of the page ''without'' a caption: [[File:wiki.png|right|Wikipedia encyclopedia]]
A picture resized to 30 pixels... [[File:wiki.png|30 px|Wikipedia encyclopedia]]
Linking directly to the description page of an image: [[:File:wiki.png]]
File:wiki.png
Linking directly to an image without displaying it: [[Media:wiki.png|Image of jigsaw globe]]
Image of jigsaw globe
Example: <div style="display: inline; width: 220px; float: right;"> Place images here </div>
Using the span or div elements to separate images from text (note that this may allow images to cover text).
span
div
Example: {| align=right |- | Place images here |}
Place images here
Using wiki markup to make a table in which to place a vertical column of images (this helps edit links match headers, especially in Firefox browsers).
There are two ways to build tables:
<table>
<tr>
<td>
<th>
See also When tables are appropriate.
Making a reference citing a printed or online source can be accomplished by using the <ref>...</ref> tags. Inside these tags details about the reference are added.
<ref>...</ref>
Details about the citation can be provided using a structure provided by various templates; the table below lists some typical citation components.
<ref name="name for reference">Use a closing tag</ref>
{{cite book}}
{{cite web}}
|isbn=0-4397-0818-4
|url=http://www.wikipedia.org
|title=title of source
|author=authors, use commas for multiple
|first=first name
|last=last name
|location=location of publisher
|publisher=who published the source
|date=2007-09-21
|year=year of source
|accessdate=2008-12-25
<ref name="WikiMarkup">
{{cite web |url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Wiki_markup |title=Help:Wiki markup |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}
</ref>
<ref name="WikiMarkup" />
{{Citation needed|{{subst:DATE}}}}
Examples for templates: {{pad|...}}, {{math|...}}, {{as of|...}}, {{edit}}
Templates are segments of wiki markup that are meant to be copied automatically ("transcluded") into a page. You add them by putting the template's name in {{double braces}}. It is also possible to transclude other pages by using {{:colon and double braces}}.
There are three pairs of tags that can be used in wikitext to control how transclusion affects parts of a template or article. They determine whether or not wikitext renders, either in its own article, which we will call "here", or in another article where it is transcluded, which we will call "there".
There can be several such section "elements". Also, they can be nested. All possible renderings are achievable. For example, to render there one or more sections of the page here use <onlyinclude> tags. To append text there, wrap the addition in <includeonly> tags before, within, or after the section. To omit portions of the section, nest <noinclude> tags within it.
If a page is transcluded without transclusion markup, it may cause an unintentional categorization. Any page transcluding it will contain the same category as the original page. Wrap the category markup with <noinclude> tags to prevent incorrect categorization.
Some templates take parameters, as well, which you separate with the pipe character |.
|
{{Transclusion demo}}
ਫਰਮਾ:Transclusion demo
{{Help:Transclusion demo}}
ਮਦਦ:Transclusion demo
This template takes two parameters, and creates underlined text with a hover box for many modern browsers supporting CSS: {{H:title|This is the hover text| Hover your mouse over this text}} Go to this page to see the H:title template itself: {{tl|H:title}}
This template takes two parameters, and creates underlined text with a hover box for many modern browsers supporting CSS:
Hover your mouse over this text
Go to this page to see the H:title template itself: {{H:title}}
These are likely to be helpful on talk and project pages.
You should sign your comments by appending four tildes to the comment, which adds your user name plus date/time.
~~~~
Username (talk) 07:17, 8 ਸਤੰਬਰ 2025 (UTC)
Adding three tildes will add just your user name.
~~~
Username (talk)
Adding five tildes gives the date/time alone.
~~~~~
07:17, 8 ਸਤੰਬਰ 2025 (UTC)
[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Wiki_markup&diff=330350877&oldid=330349143 Diff between revisions 330349143 and 330350877]
Diff between revisions 330349143 and 330350877
[[Special:Diff/330349143/330350877|Diff between revisions 330349143 and 330350877]]
[[Special:Diff/330350877|Diff between revisions 330349143 and 330350877]]
[[Special:Permalink/330350877|Revision 330350877]]
Revision 330350877
[[Special:WhatLinksHere/Beetroot]]
Special:WhatLinksHere/Beetroot
[[Special:RecentChangesLinked/Beetroot]]
Special:RecentChangesLinked/Beetroot
[[Special:Contributions/UserName]]
[[Special:Contributions/192.0.2.0]]
[[Special:Contributions/2001:0db8:0000:0000:0000:ff00:0042:8329]]
I will change the color in {{color|blue|the middle part of}} this sentence.
I will change the color in the middle part of this sentence.
This is how to {{Font color||yellow|highlight part of a sentence}}.
This is how to highlight part of a sentence.
<s>...</s>
<u>...</u>
<del>...</del>
<ins>...</ins>
Note: <s></s> and <u></u> (speced in HTML 3 & 4) are considerably more popular than <del></del> and <ins></ins> (speced in HTML 5) on Wikipedia.
<s></s>
<u></u>
<del></del>
<ins></ins>
You can <del>strike out deleted material</del> and <ins>underline new material</ins>.
You can strike out deleted material and underline new material.
Alternative markup:
You can <s>strike out deleted material</s> and <u>underline new material</u>.
A few different kinds of formatting will tell the wiki to display things as you typed them – what you see is what you get!
'''<nowiki> tag:''' <nowiki> The nowiki tag ignores [[wiki]] ''markup''. It reformats text by removing newlines and multiple spaces. It still interprets characters specified by &name;: → </nowiki>
<nowiki> tag:
The nowiki tag ignores [[wiki]] ''markup''. It reformats text by removing newlines and multiple spaces. It still interprets characters specified by &name;: →
'''<pre> tag:''' <pre>The <pre> tag ignores [[wiki]] ''markup'' as does the <nowiki> tag. Additionally, <pre> displays in a mono-spaced font, and does not reformat text spaces. It still interprets special characters: → </pre>
<pre> tag:
The <pre> tag ignores [[wiki]] ''markup'' as does the <nowiki> tag. Additionally, <pre> displays in a mono-spaced font, and does not reformat text spaces. It still interprets special characters: →
'''[Text without a URL]:''' Single square brackets holding [text without a HTTP URL] are preserved, but single square brackets containing a URL are treated as being an external [http://example.com/ Web link].
[Text without a URL]:
Single square brackets holding [text without a HTTP URL] are preserved, but single square brackets containing a URL are treated as being an external Web link.
'''Leading space:''' Leading spaces are another way to preserve formatting. Putting a space at the beginning of each line stops the text from being reformatted. It still interprets [[wiki]] ''markup'' and special characters: &rarr;
Leading space:
Leading spaces are another way to preserve formatting.
Putting a space at the beginning of each line stops the text from being reformatted. It still interprets wiki markup and special characters: →
<nowiki>...</nowiki> and <nowiki /> tags stop parsing of wiki markup, except HTML character entity references (e.g., for special characters). Unlike <pre>, "nowiki" doesn't change formatting.
<nowiki>...</nowiki>
An example of <nowiki>...</nowiki>:
<nowiki>{{cite book}}</nowiki>
(However in this particular case probably you prefer {{tl|cite book}} to create a link as {{cite book}}, or {{tlf|cite book}} prints {{cite book}}.)
A singular <nowiki /> can be used to break wikimarkup.
*
#
* Unordered list
<nowiki />* Unordered list
ਫਰਮਾ:Crlf2 * Unordered list
A [[micro-]]second.
A micro-second.
'<nowiki />'We don't want italics.'<nowiki />'
''We don't want italics.''
[[<nowiki />Example]]
[[Example]]
[<nowiki />[[Example]]]
[Example]
No <<nowiki />br />line break. But for tag pairs, you need nowiki for the closing tag, too. <<nowiki />pre>The following /pre is gone!</pre>
If you want to write tags, {{tag}} template is handy. E.g. {{tag|nowiki}} prints <nowiki>...</nowiki>.
HTML entities
<nowiki> and <pre> parse HTML entities. If you want to escape this, replace & with &.
&
&
<nowiki>&</nowiki>
<nowiki><</nowiki>
<
<nowiki>&amp;</nowiki>
<nowiki>&lt;</nowiki>
<
Use in templates
When used in a template, <nowiki> simply does not work as you may expect.
#tag:nowiki
<ref>
<nowiki>{{tl|cite book}}</nowiki>
{{tl|cite book}}
{{#tag:nowiki|{{tl|cite book}}}}
{{[[Template:cite book|cite book]]}}
{{#tag:nowiki|<ref>Text</ref>}} {{reflist}}
<pre> is a parser tag that emulates the HTML <pre> tag. It defines preformatted text that is displayed in a fixed-width font and is enclosed in a dashed box. HTML and wiki markups are escaped and spaces and line breaks are preserved, but HTML entities are parsed.
<pre><!--Comment--> [[wiki]] markup &</pre>
<!--Comment--> [[wiki]] markup &
<pre> formatted text does not wrap, thus text may extend past the browser window:
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
To resolve this, <pre> may use CSS styling to add wrapping or a horizontal scrollbar:
<pre style="white-space:-moz-pre-wrap; white-space:-pre-wrap; white-space:-o-pre-wrap; white-space:pre-wrap; word-wrap:break-word;">
<pre style="overflow:auto; width:auto;">
Alternatively, consider using {{pre2}} template or <syntaxhighlight lang="text">...</syntaxhighlight>.
<syntaxhighlight lang="text">...</syntaxhighlight>
It's uncommon – but on occasion acceptable for notes to other editors – to add a hidden comment within the text of an article. These comments are only visible when editing or viewing the source of a page. Most comments should go on the appropriate Talk page. The format is to surround the hidden text with "<!--" and "-->" and may cover several lines, e.g.:
<!--
-->
<!-- An example of hidden comments This won't be visible except in "edit" mode. -->
Another way to include a comment in the wiki markup uses the {{Void}} template, which can be abbreviated as {{^}}. This template "expands" to the empty string, generating no HTML output; it is visible only to people editing the wiki source. Thus {{^|A lengthy comment here}} operates similarly to the comment <!-- A lengthy comment here -->. The main difference is that the template version can be nested, while attempting to nest HTML comments produces odd results.
{{^|A lengthy comment here}}
<!-- A lengthy comment here -->
Monday = 1, Tuesday = 2, etc., but Sunday = 0
{{ns:index}} e.g. {{ns:1}} → full name of namespace
{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}} is the number of pages in the main namespace which contain a link and are not a redirect. This includes full articles, stubs containing a link, and disambiguation pages.
{{CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN}} is the genitive (possessive) grammatical form of the month name, as used in some languages but not in English; {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} is the nominative (subject) form, as usually seen in English.
In languages where it makes a difference, you can use constructs like {{grammar:case|word}} to convert a word from the nominative case to some other case. For example, {{grammar:genitive|{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}}} means the same as {{CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN}}.
{{grammar:case|word}}
{{grammar:genitive|{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}}}
{{CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN}}
Many HTML tags can be used in wiki markup. You can check your HTML by using markup validation.
See the 'Coding wiki markup' section of the Help navigation navbox below for additional links.
