Pärnu

Pärnu

Flagg

LandEstlands flagg Estland
FylkePärnu
KommunePärnu
StatusAdministrasjonssenter
Grunnlagt1251
Areal33,15 kvadratkilometer[1]
Befolkning41 520[2] (2024)
Bef.tetthet1 252,49 innb./kvadratkilometer
Høyde o.h.10 meter
Nettsideparnu.ee/
Posisjonskart
Pärnu ligger i Estland
Pärnu
Pärnu
Pärnu (Estland)
Kart
Pärnu
58°23′04″N 24°29′56″Ø
Pärnu på Commons
Dronevideo av Pärnu 2022

Pärnu (tysk: Pernau) er en by i Pärnu fylke i Estland, beliggende i Rigabukten, 110 km sør for hovedstaden Tallinn. Elven Pärnu renner gjennom byen. Pärnu er administrasjonssenter for Pärnu kommune og Pärnu fylke.

Byen ble grunnlagt i 1241 av Den tyske orden. Byen var også medlem av Hansaforbundet og var en viktig isfri havn for Livland. Byen kom under kontroll av Polen-Litauen i perioden 1560 til 1617.

Den ble erobret av svenske første gang i 1562, og ble deretter erobret av Sverige under Livlandskrigen. Byen forble under svensk herredømme fra 1617 til 1710, da svenskene mistet den til russerne under den store nordiske krig. Dette ble bekreftet under freden i Nystad i 1721.

Under den store nordiske krig ble Universitetet i Tartu flyttet til byen i årene 1699-1710, og det er fortsatt en avdeling i byen med rundt 1 000 studenter.

Byen har siden 1838 hatt en rekke kurbad, og er i dag en viktig turistby.

Kommunikasjon

Byen har hyppig bussforbindelse med Tallinn og Riga, samt fergeforbindelse med Kihnu. Pärnu lufthavn ligger ca. 4 km utenfor bykjernen.

Befolkning

Fra hovedgaten i Pärnu
1881 1897 1922 1934 1959 1970 1979 1989 2000 2009 2011
12 966 12 898 18 499 20 334 22 367 50 224 54 051 53 885 46 476 44 024 39 728

Etnisk sammensetning

Nasjonalitet
Nasjonalitet Folketelling 2000 Folketelling2011[3]
Antall % Antall %
Estlendere 36 112 79,37 33 000 83,07
Russere 6 951 15,28 5 076 12,78
Ukrainere 966 2,12 671 1,69
Finner 331 0,73 254 0,64
Belarusere 297 0,65 179 0,45
Total 45 500 39 728

Språk

Befolkningen i Pärnu etter første språk
Språk 2000 census[4] 2011 census[3]
Antall % Antall %
Estisk 35 928 78,96 32 762 82,47
Russisk 8 360 18,37 6 263 15,77
Ukrainsk 426 0,94 245 0,62
Finsk 163 0,36 129 0,33
Belarusisk 100 0,22 32 0,08
Total 45 500 39 728

Referanser

  1. ^ «Maakatastri statistika». Det estiske landinspektorat. Besøkt 19. oktober 2018. 
  2. ^ https://andmed.stat.ee/en/stat/rahvastik__rahvastikunaitajad-ja-koosseis__rahvaarv-ja-rahvastiku-koosseis/RV0240; Estlands statistikkbyrås statistikkdatabase; besøksdato: 1. september 2024.
  3. ^ a b Data fra folketellingen- nasjonalitet
  4. ^ Data fra folketellingen - språk

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