Čekanas

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Čekanas (kovos plaktukas; rus. чекан) – istorinis smogiamasis ginklas, primenantis plaktuką ilga rankena, kurio galvos vienas galas smailus ir paprastai kiek lenktas, o kitas – plaktukiškas plokščias. Pagrindinis kaunamasis elementas - kabliškas smaigalys. Kotas tokio paties ilgio, kaip ir buožės. Čekanai buvo tiek pėsčių karių, tiek raitelių ginklas.

Čekano smaigalį naudojo kaip kablį (priešo skydui, rankai ar kojai užkabinti) arba juo galėjo pramušinėti šarvus.

Pavadinimas

Pavadinimas čekanas slavų kilmės. Rusų kalboje metalo kalinėjimas plaktuku vadinamas (rus. чеканка). Žodžiai čekan slavų kalbose reiškia panašius dalykus slav. чеканъ 'kirtiklis, kirvis', bulg. чекан 'kūjis', slovėn. čekàn 'kovos plaktukas (čekanas?); šerno iltis', ček. čakan, čekan 'kuoka; kirtiklis'. Manoma, kad šie žodžiai yra senovinis skolinys iš tiurkų kalbų.[1]

Lietuviškai vadinti kovos kūju netinka, nes kūjai gerokai sunkesni ir neturi smaigalio. Rusiškai čekanais kartais vadina čekaniškus kirvius (kovos kirvius, kurie vietoj penties turi čekano tipo lenktą smaigalį).

Nuorodos

  1. ↑ Чекан. In: Фасмер М. (2003) Этимологический словарь русского языка. Т. 4: (Т–Ящур). 4-е изд.

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