Cyrene

Vide etiam paginam discretivam: Cyrene (discretiva).
Ruina urbis Cyrenarum (Frigidarium thermarum Traiani)
Rex Cyrenarum (Battus I seu successor) commercio urbis suae providit (laserpicii? lanae?)
Silphium seu laserpicium: imago plantae in nummum urbis Cyrenarum incusa

Cyrene (-es, f.)[1] sive Cyrenae (-arum, f. pl.)[2] fuit antiqua urbs Graeca in hodierna Libya, non longe a confinio Aegypti. Fuit portus Mediterranei magni momenti.

Historia urbis

Traditur Cyrene condita esse a Batto, colono ab insula Thera, misso ex Delphico oraculo. Multae narrationes de urbe condita apud antiquos rerum scriptores et poetas inveniuntur[3], et haud facile est modernis doctis hominibus discernere an Battus ille vere vixerit, quid fecerit et an re vera urbem condiderit.

Antiquissimae narrationes de Cyrenis conditis traditae sunt a Pindaro in quarto, quinto et nono Pythico carmine et ab Herodoto in quarto Historiarum libro.

Pindarus de urbe condita

Pindarus narrat de Cyrenarum historia in tribus Pythicis carminibus. In quarto narrat plerumque de Euphemo, uno ex Argonautis qui, cum pellem accepisset aureum a Iasone, glebam Africae terrae recipit ab Eurypylo, rege Libyae, in Tritonia palude (apud futuras Cyrenas). Quae gleba divini numinis signum est: heredes Euphemi, inter quos Battus et Arcesilaus IV, ultimus rex urbis, regent Africam et Cyrenas.

In quinto Pythico carmine Pindarus de urbe a Batto condita narrat et de Carneis festis, quae ad unitatem civitatis augendam celebrantur. Etiam quintum Pythicum carmen scriptum est a Pindaro pro Arcesilao IV rege anno 462 a.C.n., et his carminis Pindarus demonstrare volebat divinum ius Arcesilai ad Cyrenas regendas.

Nonum carmen, anno 476 a.C.n. pro nobili viro Cyrenarum scriptum, narrat mythum de Cyrene nympha, virili animo femina, a deo Apolline cognita, quae Apollini Aristaeum pariet.

Herodotus de urbe condita et regibus Cyrenarum

Herodotus de urbe condita in extrema quarti libri Historiarum parte narrat: post expeditionem Persarum in Libyam rerum scriptor de Cyrenis cum digressione narrat. Refert duas narrationes dissimiles de Batto et de urbe condita, alteram a Theraeis, alteram a Cyreneis: in quibus narrationibus inveniuntur res historicae mythicis mixtae.

Post urbem conditam Herodotus de regibus sequentibus narrat: Post Battum Arcesilaum I, Battum II, Arcesilaum II, Battum III et Arcesilaum III Cyrenas rexisse. Nihil dicit de Batto IV et Arcesilao IV qui post Arcesilaum III rexerunt Cyrenas, etsi Herodotus fortasse scripserit hunc librum aliquot annos post Arcesilai IV necem.

Incolae notabiles

Notae

  1. ↑ Sic C. T. Lewis et C. Short (1879). A Latin Dictionary. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. Etiam Sallustius, Iugurtha 19.3; Pomponius Mela, De situ orbis 1.40; Plinius, Naturalis historia 5.31, 5.32, 15.105; etc.; sed forma genitiva -es fortasse recentissima est (vide etiam bibliographiam huius paginae).
  2. ↑ Lewis & Short. Vide e.g. Laserpiciferis ... Cyrenis: Catullus 7; pro nominativo -ae fontem non habemus.
  3. ↑ Herodotus, Melpomene 147-158

Fontes

Bibliographia

  • F. Chamoux, Cyrène sous la monarchie des Battiades. Lutetiae 1956.
  • Iohannes Petrus Thrige, Historia Cyrenes. Hauniae, 1819. (Textus apud Google Books)
  • Iohannes Petrus Thrige, Res Cyrenensium. Hauniae, 1828. (Textus apud Google Books)

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