モラクセラ・ラクナータ

モラクセラ・ラクナータ
亜急性結膜炎の患者から採取した培養標本をカルボールフクシン染色したものの顕微鏡画像。多数のモラクセラ・ラクナータ細胞が染色されている。
分類
ドメイン : 真正細菌
Bacteria
: Pseudomonadota
: ガンマプロテオバクテリア綱
Gammaproteobacteria
: シュードモナス目
Pseudomonadales
: モラクセラ科
Moraxellaceae
: モラクセラ属
Moraxella
: モラクセラ・ラクナータ
Moraxella lacunata
学名
Moraxella lacunata
(Eyre 1900)[1] Lwoff 1939[2]
(IJSEMリストに掲載 1980)[3]
タイプ株
ATCC 11748[4]
ATCC 17967[4]
CCUG 4441[4]
CIP A182[4]
DSM 18052[4]
JCM 20914[4]
LMG 5301[4]
Morax 260[4]
NBRC 102154[4]
NCTC 10748[4]
NCTC 11011[4]
シノニム
  • バシラス・ラクナタス
    Bacillus lacunatus
    Eyre 1900[1]
亜種[4]
  • モラクセラ・ラクナータ亜種リクファシエンス
    Moraxella lacunata subsp. liquefaciens
    (Juni and Bøvre 2005)[5]
  • モラクセラ・ラクナータ亜種ラクナータ
    Moraxella lacunata subsp. lacunata
    (Eyre 1900)[1] Juni and Bøvre 2005[5]

モラクセラ・ラクナータMoraxella lacunataPseudomonadotaモラクセラ科モラクセラ属真正細菌である。桿状の[6]グラム陰性非運動性細菌であり、一般に二倍体細胞として存在する[7]カタル性結膜炎の最も一般的な病原体の1つである[8]

歴史

M. lacunataは、Victor Morax(1896)とTheodor Axenfeld(1897)によって最初に独立して記述されたため、別名「モラックス‐アクセンフェルト菌(Morax-Axenfeld diplobacilli)」と呼ばれ、ヒトの眼感染症はモラックス‐アクセンフェルト結膜炎と呼ばれることもある[7]

特徴

実験室条件でその形態を変える性質があることが確認されている。体長は短くなることがあり、5日間放置すると、グラム陰性菌としての染色特性を失う傾向があった。その後に血液寒天培地に移し替えても、これらの新しい特性を保持する傾向があった[9]

臨床的な意義

感染は主に成人期に発生するが、どの年齢でも発生する可能性はある。感染症には次の特徴がある。

  • 外眼角眼瞼に頻繁に局在する慢性の軽度の眼角眼瞼結膜炎
  • 典型的な眼瞼両端の紅斑
  • 皮膚細胞のわずかな解離、特に外眼角で最も顕著
  • 角膜の表面浸潤はしばしばある[8]
  • 灰色がかった黄色の分泌物がまつ毛に付着し、また主に眼角で蓄積する[10]

脚注

  1. ^ a b c J. W. Eyre (1900). “A clinical and bacteriological study of diplo-bacillary conjunctivitis”. The Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology. doi:10.1002/path.1700060102. 
  2. ^ André Michel Lwoff (1939). Révision et démembrement des Hemophilae, le genre Moraxella nov. gen. Annales de. 62. Paris: l'Institut Pasteur. pp. 168-176. 
  3. ^ V. B. D. Skerman, Vicki McGowan and P. H. A. Sneath (01 January 1980). “Approved Lists of Bacterial Names”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. doi:10.1099/00207713-30-1-225. 
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Species Moraxella lacunata”. lpsn.dsmz.de. 2021年8月13日閲覧。
  5. ^ a b George M. Garrity (2005). “The Proteobacteria, Part B: The Gammaproteobacteria”. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. 2. New York. pp. 417-425. ISBN 978-0-387-95040-2 
  6. ^ Medical Definition of MORAX-AXENFELD BACILLUS”. Merriam-Webster. 2021年8月13日閲覧。
  7. ^ a b Brenner, Don J.; Krieg, Noel R.; Staley, James R. (14 December 2007). Bergey's Manual® of Systematic Bacteriology: Volume 2: The Proteobacteria, Part B: The Gammaproteobacteria. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9780387280226. https://books.google.com/?id=5zSYmcq0GdgC&pg=PA412&lpg=PA412&dq=morax%20axenfeld%20bacillus%20gram%20negative#v=onepage&q&f=false 
  8. ^ a b Zhulin. “Read the eBook The pathology of the eye (Volume 1) by John Herbert Parsons online for free (page 6 of 38)”. Online library ebooksread.com. 2021年8月13日閲覧。
  9. ^ Horwich, Harry; Fedukowicz, Helena (1 October 1955). “Variations in Morax-Axenfeld Diplobacillus”. AMA archives of ophthalmology 54 (4): 580–585. doi:10.1001/archopht.1955.00930020586011. PMID 13257988. 
  10. ^ TERMIUM®. “tumefaccion [2 records - TERMIUM Plus® — Search - TERMIUM Plus®]”. Government of Canada contacts. 2021年8月13日閲覧。

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