Ranger 8

Ranger 8
Immagine del veicolo
Dati della missione
OperatoreNASA
NSSDC ID1965-010A
SCN01086
Fly-by diLuna
Esitomissione compiuta; distrutta nell'impatto con il lato visibile della Luna
VettoreAtlas-Agena b
Lancio17 febbraio 1965 alle ore 17:05:00 UTC
Luogo lancioCape Canaveral Launch Complex 12
Proprietà del veicolo spaziale
CostruttoreJet Propulsion Laboratory
Strumentazione6 videocamere vidicom
Programma Ranger
Missione precedenteMissione successiva
Ranger 7 Ranger 9

Ranger 8 fu una sonda appartenente alla terza generazione del Programma Ranger destinata a raggiungere la Luna, era simile a Ranger 7.

La sonda

Lancio di Ranger 8

Il veicolo era composto da una base esagonale di 1,5 metri di diametro, che ospitava il sistema di propulsione e le batterie elettriche, e da una torre tronco-conica che conteneva le videocamere. Possedeva due pannelli solari con un'apertura totale di 4,6 m ed un'antenna parabolica ad alto guadagno montata tramite cerniere ad un angolo della base, lontana dai pannelli solari. In cima al veicolo si trovava un'antenna quasi omnidirezionale a basso guadagno, che portava l'altezza complessiva della sonda a 3,6 m.

Ranger 8 ospitava ben 6 videocamere vidicom di cui 2 grandangoli. Le videocamere erano raggruppate in due canali separati, ognuno indipendente dall'altro, in modo da garantire una buona probabilità di funzionamento.

Per la navigazione disponeva di un motore a razzo che utilizzava come carburante idrazina, l'assetto era controllato tramite 12 razzi ad azoto coadiuvati da 3 giroscopi, 4 sensori solari primari, 2 sensori solari secondari e un sensore terrestre. L'elergia elettrica veniva fornita da 9.792 celle solari che erogavano 200 watt di potenza. Inoltre due batterie da 1.200 wattora ad Argento - Zinco erogavano 26,5 volt, per un'autonomia di 9 ore, garantivano le comunicazioni con la Terra. Altre due batterie da 1.000 wattora ad Argento - Zinco alimentavano il resto della sonda.

Le comunicazioni avvenivano tramite le due antenne e vari trasmettitori tra cui due a 60 watt assegnato alla trasmissione dei dati televisivi, uno a 959.52 MHz e l'altro a 960.05 MHz, più un transponder di 3 watt alla frequenza di 960.58 MHz.

Il Ranger 8 fu completamente sterilizzato per non contaminare la Luna.

La missione

Foto della Luna ripresa da Ranger 8

Il Ranger 8 fu lanciato il 17 febbraio del 1965 alle 17:05:00 UTC tramite il razzo vettore Atlas-Agena. La sonda riuscì a lasciare l'orbita bassa terrestre ed iniziò il suo viaggio verso la Luna. Dopo la separazione dall'Agena, furono dispiegati i pannelli solari e la sonda fu attivata. Il giorno successivo, 18 febbraio, fu effettuata la correzione di rotta necessaria per l'incontro con la Luna, durante questa manovra si verificò diverse volte un calo consistente dell'alimentazione elettrica della sonda, e questo fenomeno continuò per tutto il tempo di funzionamento del motore. Allo spegnimento dello stesso, Ranger 8 ritornò a funzionare regolarmente. Questi blackout non influenzarono pesantemente la navigazione, fu solo cancellata una sequenza necessaria a puntare tutte le telecamere durante l'avvicinamento al nostro satellite, ma in questo modo fu possibile osservare un'area maggiore della superficie lunare.

Ranger 8 raggiunse la Luna il 20 febbraio del 1965, la prima immagine fu ripresa alle 9:34:32 UT da un'altezza di 2.510 km. In 23 minuti di volo, il tempo necessario alla sonda per toccare il suolo, furono effettuate 7.137 foto al alta qualità, l'ultima aveva una risoluzione di 1,5 metri per pixel. Dopo 64,9 ore di volo, Ranger 8, impattò alle 09:57:36.756 UT nel Mare Tranquillitatis, coordinate 2.67° nord - 24,65° est, alla velocità di 2,68 km/s. Il funzionamento della sonda fu eccellente.

Altri progetti

  Portale Astronautica: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di astronautica

Read other articles:

Ishme-DaganRaja IsinBerkuasaskt. 1889 SM — skt. 1871 SMPendahuluIddin-DagānPenerusLipit-IštarWangsaDinasti Pertama IsinAyahIddin-DagānAkkadiaIšme-Dagān Ishme-Dagan (Bahasa Akkadia: Išme-Dagān; skt. 1889 SM — skt. 1871 SM oleh kronologi Timur Dekat Kuno pendek) merupakan raja keempat dari Dinasti Pertama Isin, menurut Daftar Raja Sumeria (DRS). Juga menurut DRS: ia adalah putra dan penerus Iddin-Dagān. Lipit-Ištar kemudian menggantikan Išme-Dagān. Išme-Dagān adalah salah satu ...

 

Bagian dari seriGereja Katolik menurut negara Afrika Afrika Selatan Afrika Tengah Aljazair Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Chad Eritrea Eswatini Etiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guinea Khatulistiwa Jibuti Kamerun Kenya Komoro Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagaskar Malawi Mali Maroko Mauritania Mauritius Mesir Mozambik Namibia Niger Nigeria Pantai Gading Republik Demokratik Kongo Republik Kongo Rwanda Sao Tome dan Principe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia Somaliland ...

 

Third planet from the Sun Planet Earth redirects here. For other uses, see Earth (disambiguation) and Planet Earth (disambiguation). EarthThe Blue Marble, Apollo 17, December 1972DesignationsAlternative namesThe world, the globe, Sol III, Terra, Tellus, Gaia, Mother EarthAdjectivesEarthly, terrestrial, terran, tellurianSymbol and Orbital characteristicsEpoch J2000[n 1]Aphelion152097597 km (94509065 mi)Perihelion147098450 km (91402740 mi)[n 2]Semi-major axis...

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Februari 2023. Forum Anak Kota SemarangSingkatanFASEStatusOrganisasi AnakTujuanMembangun Kota Semarang yang lebih baik dan inklusif untuk generasi mudaLokasiIndonesiaBahasa resmi IndonesiaKetuaDandi ResandoWakil KetuaFaizal Aditya WibisonoAfiliasiDinas Pemberdayaan ...

 

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Little Canada term – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Little Canada (French: le petit Canada) is a name for any of the various communities where French Canadians congregated up...

 

Song written by Anne Bredon Babe I'm Gonna Leave You is a folk song written by Anne Bredon in the late 1950s. Joan Baez recorded a solo version for her 1962 album Joan Baez in Concert and a variety of musicians subsequently adapted it to a variety of styles, including Led Zeppelin. Several songwriters have been credited on releases over the years, although Bredon usually receives a sole or partial credit on current releases. Joan Baez rendition In 1960, Anne Bredon appeared on a live folk-mus...

Canadian actor For the politician, see Victor Garber (politician). Victor GarberOCGarber in 2017BornVictor Jay Garber (1949-03-16) March 16, 1949 (age 75)London, Ontario, CanadaEducationUniversity of TorontoHB StudioOccupationsActorsingerYears active1958–presentSpouse Rainer Andreesen ​(m. 2015)​ParentJoseph and Hope GarberSignature Victor Jay Garber, OC[1] (born March 16, 1949) is a Canadian actor.[2] Known for his work on stage and sc...

 

Метано́йя (др.-греч. μετάνοια — «сожаление (о совершившемся), раскаяние»[1], греч. μετάνοια — «перемена ума», «перемена мысли», «переосмысление») — термин, обозначающий перемену в восприятии фактов или явлений, обычно сопровождаемую сожалением, раскаяние (осо�...

 

Pour les articles homonymes, voir sère. Cet article est une ébauche concernant l’écologie scientifique. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. La recolonisation d'un milieu perturbé passe par différents stades. Ici, le boisement par des essences pionnières commence à gagner sur la strate herbacée. Une sère est un des stades successionnels donnés d'une série de communautés végétales ou an...

Twenty-fourth season of the Pokémon animated television series Season of television series Pokémon Master Journeys: The SeriesSeason 24Pokémon Master Journeys: The Series posterNo. of episodes42ReleaseOriginal networkTV TokyoOriginal releaseDecember 11, 2020 (2020-12-11) –December 10, 2021 (2021-12-10)Season chronology← PreviousJourneys Next →Ultimate Journeys List of episodes Pokémon Master Journeys: The Series is the twenty-fourth season of the Pokémon an...

 

هنودمعلومات عامةنسبة التسمية الهند التعداد الكليالتعداد قرابة 1.21 مليار[1][2]تعداد الهند عام 2011ق. 1.32 مليار[3]تقديرات عام 2017ق. 30.8 مليون[4]مناطق الوجود المميزةبلد الأصل الهند البلد الهند  الهند نيبال 4,000,000[5] الولايات المتحدة 3,982,398[6] الإمار...

 

وزارة المواصلات البلد الكويت  المقر الرئيسي دولة الكويت تاريخ التأسيس 1962 النوع وزارة حكومية الاهتمامات اتصالات، نقل، تكنولوجيا منطقة الخدمة العاصمة الرئيس وزير عيسى الكندري وكيل الوزارة حميد القطان تعديل مصدري - تعديل   وزارة المواصلات في دولة الكويت تعتبر الجهة ال...

Local government election in Northern Ireland Main article: Northern Ireland local elections, 1993 1993 Carrickfergus Borough Council election ← 1989 19 May 1993 (1993-05-19) 1997 → All 17 seats to Carrickfergus Borough Council9 seats needed for a majority   First party Second party Third party   Party Alliance Ulster Unionist DUP Seats won 6 5 2 Seat change 2 1 1   Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party   Party Ind. Unionist NI...

 

Format académique : 1,375:1. Format de la pellicule de cinéma 35 mm avec bande son optique. Le format académique, d'un rapport de 1,375:1 (abrégé en 1,37:1), est un format d'image fondé sur le film 35 mm utilisé avec quatre perforations[1],[2], adopté aux États-Unis en 1932 par l'Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences comme format standard de film, même si des formats similaires étaient utilisés dès 1928[1],[2]. Histoire Les films muets étaient tournés avec un format ...

 

Atoll of Overseas France ClippertonNative name: La Passion–Clipperton (French)Clipperton Atoll with lagoon with depths (metres)Location of Clipperton IslandGeographyLocationPacific OceanCoordinates10°18′N 109°13′W / 10.300°N 109.217°W / 10.300; -109.217[1]ArchipelagoLagoonArea8.9 km2 (3.4 sq mi)[2]Length3 km (1.9 mi)Width4 km (2.5 mi)Coastline11.1 km (6.9 mi)Highest elevation29 m (95&...

French former professional footballer This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Pascal Baills – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this ...

 

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Hungarian. (April 2010) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Hungarian article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wi...

 

Film Titel Star Trek: Der Aufstand Originaltitel Star Trek: Insurrection Produktionsland Vereinigte Staaten Originalsprache Englisch Erscheinungsjahr 1998 Länge 103 Minuten Altersfreigabe FSK 12 Stab Regie Jonathan Frakes Drehbuch Michael Piller Produktion Rick Berman Musik Jerry Goldsmith Kamera Matthew F. Leonetti Schnitt Peter E. Berger Besetzung Patrick Stewart: Captain Jean-Luc Picard Jonathan Frakes: Commander William Riker Brent Spiner: Lieutenant Commander Data LeVar Burton: Li...

645 assassination of Iruka no Soga in front of Empress Kōgyoku Depiction of the assassination of Soga no Iruka from the Tōnomine Engi Scroll, painted during the Edo period (17–19th century). The Isshi incident (乙巳の変, Isshi no Hen) was a successful plot by Nakatomi no Kamatari, Prince Naka no Ōe and others who conspired to eliminate the main branch of the Soga clan, beginning with the assassination of Soga no Iruka.[1] It takes its name from the zodiological name of the ye...

 

Municipality in Valencian Community, SpainXertMunicipality Coat of armsXertLocation in SpainCoordinates: 40°31′16″N 0°9′21″E / 40.52111°N 0.15583°E / 40.52111; 0.15583Country SpainAutonomous community Valencian CommunityProvinceCastellónComarcaBaix MaestratJudicial districtVinaròsGovernment • AlcaldeFernando Beltrán Jovaní (2007) (PP)Area • Total82.51 km2 (31.86 sq mi)Elevation470 m (1,540 ft)Po...