Ordine al merito militare del Württemberg

Ordine al merito militare del Württemberg
Württembergisher Militärverdienstorden
Medaglia da Cavaliere dell'Ordine al merito militare del Württemberg (1759-1818; 1914-1917)

Ducato di Württemberg, Regno di Württemberg
TipologiaOrdine cavalleresco militare
MottoFURCHTLOS UND TREW
Statuscessato
IstituzioneStoccarda, 1759
Primo capoCarlo II Eugenio di Württemberg
CessazioneStoccarda, 1918
Ultimo capoGuglielmo II di Württemberg
GradiCavaliere di Gran Croce
Commendatore
Cavaliere
Precedenza
Ordine più altoOrdine della corona del Württemberg
Ordine più bassoOrdine di Federico
Nastri dell'ordine (1759-1818), (1914-1917) e (1917-1918)

L'Ordine al Merito Militare del Württemberg (in tedesco Württembergisher Militärverdienstorden) fu un ordine militare del Regno del Württemberg, come stato membro del Sacro Romano Impero.

Storia

L'Ordine venne fondato l'11 febbraio 1759 dal Duca Carlo II Eugenio di Württemberg col nome di Militär-Carls-Orden, ma venne rinominato in Württembergisher Militärverdienstorden l'11 novembre 1806 dal Re Federico I. L'ordine cadde definitivamente in disuso dopo la caduta dell'Impero nella prima guerra mondiale.

Classi

L'ordine si suddivideva in tre classi:

  • Cavaliere di Gran Croce (Großkreuz)
  • Commendatore (Kommandeurkreuz)
  • Cavaliere (Ritterkreuz).

Generalmente ciascuna classe era propedeutica all'altra. Tra il 1799 ed il 1919 vennero conferite 95 gran croci, 214 croci da commendatore e 3.128 croci da cavaliere, la maggior parte delle quali nel corso della prima guerra mondiale, soprattutto a personaggi nativi del Württemberg.[1]

1759-1818/1914-1917
Cavaliere
Commendatore
Cavaliere di Gran Croce
1818-1914
Cavaliere
Commendatore
Cavaliere di Gran Croce
1917-1918
Cavaliere
Commendatore
Cavaliere di Gran Croce

Descrizione delle insegne

La medaglia dell'ordine era costituita da una croce patente dorata e smaltata di bianco con le braccia curvate ed con gli angoli concavi. Attorno al medaglione centrale, una fascia blu circolare con inciso in oro il motto "Furchtlos und treu" ("Temerario e leale"). Sul davanti, il medaglione porta una corona d'alloro. Sul retro si trova il monogramma del Re del Württemberg al tempo del conferimento dell'ordine. A partire dal 1870, inoltre, la Gran Croce e la croce di Commendatore vennero sormontate da una corona reale, che venne estesa a tutti i gradi dell'ordine a partire dal 25 settembre 1914.[2]

La placca dell'ordine, concessa solo alle gran croci, consisteva in una stella d'argento ad otto punte, raggiata, che riportava l'immagine frontale del medaglione.

Il nastro dell'ordine fu, sino al 1818 e dopo il 1914, giallo bordato di nero ai lati. Dopo il novembre del 1917, il nastro venne portato color verde. Dal 1818 al 1914 il nastro fu blu.[3]

Insigniti notabili

Note

  1. ^ I numeri sono basati sulle ricerche di Eric Ludvigsen, in Neal O'Connor, Aviation Awards of Imperial Germany in World War I and the Men Who Earned Them: Volume IV - The Aviation Awards of the Kingdom of Württemberg, Flying Machines Press 1995, Appendix VIII
  2. ^ O'Connor, pp. 37-38.
  3. ^ O'Connor, p. 38.

Bibliografia

  • Königlich Statistischer Landesamt,Hof und Staatshandbuch des Königreichs Württemberg, 1908.
  • Neal O'Connor, Aviation Awards of Imperial Germany in World War I and the Men Who Earned Them: Volume IV - The Aviation Awards of the Kingdom of Württemberg, Flying Machines Press 1995
  • Dr. Kurt-Gerhard Klietmann, Pour le Mérite und Tapferkeitsmedaille, 1966.
  • Website on the Decorations of the Kingdom of Württemberg

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