Jonathan Culler

Jonathan Dwight Culler (1º ottobre 1944) è un critico letterario statunitense, noto tra i decostruzionisti e per aver introdotto in inglese movimenti di teoria letteraria francesi.

Biografia

Jonathan Culler è cresciuto a New Haven, nel Connecticut (figlio di Dwight Culler, a sua volta insegnante universitario). Si è laureato ad Harvard nel 1966, per proseguire gli studi all'Università di Oxford, dove ha studiato letteratura comparata e ha preso il dottorato (Ph.D.) nel 1972.

La sua tesi di laurea esplorava il nascente strutturalismo francese e prestava attenzione sulla critica letteraria di Scuola di Ginevra[1], insieme con filosofi quali Maurice Merleau-Ponty, antropologi come Claude Lévi-Strauss, linguisti come Ferdinand de Saussure e semiologi come Roland Barthes. Sulla stessa linea anche la tesi di dottorato, Structuralism: A Study in the Development of Linguistic Models and their Application to Literary Studies (poi rivista e pubblicata con il titolo di Structuralist Poetics) spostava negli Stati Uniti un dibattito europeo al quale contribuì a distanza.

Ha insegnato letteratura francese e linguistica al Selwyn College della Cambridge University dal 1969 al 1974, e al Brasenose College di Oxford dal 1974 al 1977 (è stato anche "visiting professor" a Yale nel 1975 e socio presidente della "Semiotic Society of America" nel 1988).

È quindi diventato professore di letteratura inglese e letteratura comparata alla Cornell University. I suoi studi e lavori, oltre ai precedenti hanno incluso Jacques Derrida e il decostruzionismo, Gérard Genette e la narratologia, la lirica (soprattutto i poeti Charles Baudelaire e Gerard Manley Hopkins).

È sposato con Cynthia Chase, critica letteraria e accademica della stessa università.

Opere (scelta)

  • Flaubert: The Uses of Uncertainty, 1974, 19852
  • Structuralist Poetics: Structuralism, Linguistics, and the Study of Literature, 1975, 20022
  • Ferdinand de Saussure, 1976, 19862
  • The Pursuit of Signs: Semiotics, Literature, Deconstruction, 1981, 20012
  • On Deconstruction: Theory and Criticism after Structuralism, 1982
    • trad. it. Sandra Cavicchioli, Sulla decostruzione, Milano: Bompiani, 1988
  • Roland Barthes, 1983, come Roland Barthes: A Very Short Introduction, 20012
  • The Call of the Phoneme: Puns and the Foundations of Letters (a cura di), 1987
  • Framing the Sign: Criticism and Its Institutions, 1988
  • On Puns: The Foundation of Letters, 1988
  • In difesa della sovrainterpretazione in Umberto Eco, Interpretazione e sovrainterpretazione. Un dibattito con Richard Rorty, Jonathan Culler e Christine Brooke-Rose, a cura di Stefan Collini, ed. it. a cura di Sandra Cavicchioli, Milano: Bompiani, 1995, pp. 133-50
  • Literary Theory: A Very Short Introduction, 1997
    • trad. it. Gian Paolo Castelli, Teoria della letteratura. Una breve introduzione, prefazione di Francesco Muzzioli, Roma: Armando, 1999
  • Just Being Difficult? Academic Writing in the Public Arena (a cura di, con Kevin Lamb), 2003
  • Deconstruction: Critical Concepts (a cura di, 4 voll.), 2003
  • Grounds of Comparison: Around the Work of Benedict Anderson (a cura di, con Pheng Cheah), 2003
  • The Literary in Theory, 2007

Note

Bibliografia

  • E. Schauber ed E. Spolsky, Stalking a Generative Poetics, in "New Literary History: A Journal of Theory and Interpretation", 12-3, 1981, pp. 397-413
  • Mario Ajazzi Mancini e Fabrizio Bagatti (a cura di), Allegorie della critica. Strategie della decostruzione nella critica americana, Napoli: Liguori, 1987
  • Terry Beers, Reading Reading Constraints: Conventions, Schemata, and Literary Interpretation, in "Diacritics: A Review of Contemporary Criticism", 18, 1988, pp. 82-93
  • Victor Shea, "Jonathan Dwight Culler", in Irene Rima Makaryk (a cura di), Encyclopedia of Contemporary Literary Theory: Approaches, Scholars, Terms, University of Toronto Press, 1993, pp. 283-84
  • D. Gorman, Theory of What?, in "Philosophy and Literature", 23-1, 1999, pp. 206-16
  • R. Schleifer e G. Rupp, Structuralism, in The Johns Hopkins Guide to Literary Theory and Criticism, 2005

Voci correlate

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN86612942 · ISNI (EN0000 0001 2142 4150 · LCCN (ENn50019772 · GND (DE118155180 · BNE (ESXX1036956 (data) · BNF (FRcb120290799 (data) · J9U (ENHE987007462745405171 · NDL (ENJA00436996

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