Ireneo Filalete

Copertina di un'edizione tedesca di un trattato Filalete, Drey schöne und auserlesene Tractätlein von Verwandelung der Metallen, 1675

Ireneo Filalete, o Eireneo in latino Eirenaeus Philalethes (cioè «pacifico amante della verità») (16281665), è stato un alchimista britannico ed autore di molte importanti opere del suo periodo.

[1] I suoi lavori furono letti da Isaac Newton, John Locke e Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Gli scritti di Newton sull'alchimia sono fortemente influenzati dal Filalete, sebbene Newton vi abbia apportato delle modifiche significative.

Identità

La vera identità di Filalete (pseudonimo non rarissimo in quel periodo) rimane sconosciuta. Da recenti ricerche,[2][3] sembra comunque probabile che egli fosse l'alchimista George Starkey (1628-1665), autore di Pirotecnia, e scienziato statunitense di origini coloniali. Un'altra ipotesi è quella che fosse John Winthrop il Giovane, politico statunitense e primo coloniale ad essere membro della Royal Society di Londra.[4]

Non è inoltre da confondere col contemporaneo Eugenio Filalete, probabile pseudonimo dell'alchimista Thomas Vaughan.

Ireneo Filalete è universalmente conosciuto per essere l'autore dello scritto alchemico intitolato Entrata aperta al palazzo chiuso del Re (titolo originale Introitus Apertus ad Occlusum Regis Palatium), scritto nel 1645 e pubblicato nel 1669.

Opere

Scritti pubblicati col nome di George Starkey:[5]

  • The Reformed Commonwealth of Bees (1655).
  • Nature's Explication and Helmont's Vindication; or a short and sure Way to a long and sound life (Londra, 1657).
  • Pyrotechny asserted and illustrated (Londra, 1658).
  • The admirable efficacy of oyl which is made of Sulphur-Vive (1660).
  • The dignity of kinship asserted (1660).
  • Britains Triumph FOR HER Imparallel'd Deliverance (1660).
  • Royal and other innocent blood crying aloud to heaven for due vengeance (1660).
  • An appendix to the Unlearned Alchimist Wherein is contained the true Receipt of that Excellent "Diaphoretick" and "Diuretick PILL" (1663).
  • George Starkey's Pill vindicated From the unlearned Alchymist and all other pretenders.
  • A brief Examination and Censure OF Several Medicines (1664).
  • A smart Scourge for a silly, sawcy Fool, an answer to letter at the end of a pamphlet of Lionel Lockyer (1664).
  • An Epistolar discourse to the Learned and Deservingauthor of Galeno-pale (1665).
  • Loimologia. A Consolatory Advice And some brief observations Concerning the Present Pest (1665).
  • Liquor Alchahest, or a discourse of that Immortal Dissolvent of "Paracelsus & Helmont" (1675).

Scritti pubblicati sotto lo pseudonimo di Ireneo Filalete:[5]

  • The Marrow of Alchemy, being an Experimental Treatise, Discovering the secret and most hidden Mystery of the Philosophers Elixer, Londra, 1654, OCLC 607038829.
  • Introitus apertus ad occlusum regis palatium, Amstelodami, J. Janssonium, 1667. Scritto in latino, fu successivamente tradotto in inglese come:
Secrets reveal'd; or, An open entrance to the shut-palace of the King : containing the greatest treasure in chymistry never yet so plainly discovered, Londra, W. Godbid for William Cooper, 1669, OCLC 904722035.
  • Three Tracts of the Great Medicine of Philosophers for Humane and Metalline Bodies (Amsterdam, 1668, in latino; Londra, 1694, in inglese):
    • The Art of the Transmutation of Metals
    • A short Manuduction to the Caelestial Ruby
    • The Fountain of Chymical Philosophy.
  • An Exposition upon Sir George Ripley's Epistle to King Edward IV (Londra 1677, in inglese).
  • An Exposition upon Sir George Ripley's Preface (Londra 1677, in inglese).
  • An Exposition upon the First Six Gates of Sir George Ripley's Compound of Alchymie (Londra 1677, in inglese).
  • Experiments for the Preparation of the Sophick Mercury; by Luna, and the Antimonial-Stellate-Regulus of Mars, for the Philosophers Stone (Londra 1677, in inglese).
  • A breviary of Alchemy, or a commentary upon Sir George Ripley's Recapitulation: Being A Paraphrastical Epitome of his Twelve Gates (Londra 1677, in inglese).
  • An Exposition upon Sir George Ripley's Vision (Londra 1677, in inglese).
  • Ripley Reviv'd, or an Exposition upon Sir George Ripley's Hermetico-Poetical Works (Londra 1678, in inglese).
  • Opus tripartitum (Londra & Amsterdam, 1678, in latino).
  • Enarratio methodica trium Gebri medicinarum, in quibus contenitur Lapidis Philosophici vera confectio (Amsterdam, 1678, in latino).
  • The Secret of the Immortal Liquor called Alkahest (Londra, 1683, in inglese & latino).

Alcuni di questi trattati, compresi i Three tracts e l'Introitus furono inclusi anche nel Musaeum Hermeticum del 1678.

Tutte le opere in inglese di Filalete sono state recentemente accorpate in un unico volume.[6]

Traduzioni in italiano

Note

  1. ^ Salvatore Califano, Storia dell’alchimia: Misticismo ed esoterismo all’origine della chimica moderna, Firenze University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-88-6655-799-9. URL consultato il 29 agosto 2024.
  2. ^ William R. Newman, Gehennical Fire: The Lives of George Starkey, an American Alchemist in the Scientific Revolution (1994), University of Chicago Press, 2003 ISBN 0226577147.
  3. ^ William R. Newman e Lawrence M. Principe, Alchemy Tried in the Fire: Starkey, Boyle, and the Fate of Helmontian Chymistry, University of Chicago Press, 2002 ISBN 0226577112.
  4. ^ Eireneo Filalete, su montesion.it.
  5. ^ a b William R. Newman, Gehennical Fire, op. cit., 1ª ed., pp. 257–270, Cambridge (Massachusetts), Harvard University Press, 1994 ISBN 978-0226577142
  6. ^ Alchemical Works: Eirenaeus Philalethes compiled, Cinnabar, 1994 ISBN 0-9640067-0-7

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN40788118 · ISNI (EN0000 0003 8285 890X · CERL cnp00417369 · LCCN (ENn84203897 · GND (DE120544598 · J9U (ENHE987007266570405171
  Portale Biografie: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di biografie

Read other articles:

Bagian dari seriGereja Katolik menurut negara Afrika Afrika Selatan Afrika Tengah Aljazair Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Chad Eritrea Eswatini Etiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guinea Khatulistiwa Jibuti Kamerun Kenya Komoro Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagaskar Malawi Mali Maroko Mauritania Mauritius Mesir Mozambik Namibia Niger Nigeria Pantai Gading Republik Demokratik Kongo Republik Kongo Rwanda Sao Tome dan Principe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia Somaliland ...

 

5 Cewek JagoanPoster Film '5 Cewek Jagoan'SutradaraDanu UmbaraDitulis olehDanu UmbaraPemeranYati OctaviaLydia KandouEva ArnazDana ChristinaDebby Cynthia DewiCok SimbaraDorman BorismanDistributorMultivision Plus (d/h Parkit Film)Tanggal rilis1980Durasi88 menitNegara Indonesia 5 Cewek Jagoan adalah film aksi laga tahun 1980 dari Indonesia yang disutradarai oleh Danu Umbara. Film ini dikenal sebagai film Indonesia pertama yang mengetengahkan wanita sebagai tokoh laga utama. Film ini dibintangi o...

 

Piala Dunia U-20 FIFAMulai digelar1977WilayahInternasional (FIFA)Jumlah tim24Juara bertahan Uruguay (Gelar ke-1)Tim tersukses Argentina (6 gelar)Situs webU-20 World Cup Piala Dunia U-20 FIFA 2023 Piala Dunia U-20 FIFA, atau sebelum 2005 disebut Piala Dunia Pemuda FIFA adalah kejuaraan sepak bola resmi yang diadakan FIFA setiap dua tahun sekali. Kejuaraan ini diikuti oleh setiap negara yang mengirimkan tim nasional sepak bola di kelompok umur di bawah 20 tahun. Sebelum dapat mengikut...

العلاقات الغيانية المالطية غيانا مالطا   غيانا   مالطا تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات الغيانية المالطية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين غيانا ومالطا.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: وجه المقارنة غيانا مالط...

 

Disambiguazione – Se stai cercando altri significati, vedi Mafia (disambigua). Mafia è un termine che indica un tipo di organizzazione criminale retta da violenza, omertà, riti d'iniziazione[1] e miti fondativi[2]. Secondo il significato estensivo del termine, indica una qualsiasi organizzazione di persone dedite ad attività illecite, segreta e duratura, che impone la propria volontà con mezzi illegali violenti e armi, spesso facendo pagare una tassa per una falsa prote...

 

Júlio Sérgio Júlio Sérgio nel 2010 Nazionalità  Brasile Altezza 184 cm Peso 82 kg Calcio Ruolo Allenatore (ex portiere) Termine carriera 2014 - giocatore Carriera Giovanili 1995-1998 Botafogo-SP Squadre di club1 1998-1999 Botafogo-SP2 (-?)1999-2000 Sertãozinho13 (-?)2000 Inter de Bebedouro18 (-?)2000-2001 Francana21 (-80)2001 Malutrom15 (-?)2001-2002 Comercial-SP16 (-?)2002-2004 Santos41 (-?)2004-2005 Juventude7 (-?)2005-2006 Amér...

Stasiun Gondangdia B07 Stasiun Gondangdia tahun 2010LokasiJalan Srikaya No. 1Kebon Sirih, Menteng, Jakarta Pusat, 10340IndonesiaKoordinat6°11′8″S 106°49′56″E / 6.18556°S 106.83222°E / -6.18556; 106.83222Koordinat: 6°11′8″S 106°49′56″E / 6.18556°S 106.83222°E / -6.18556; 106.83222Ketinggian+17 mOperator KAI Commuter Letakkm 6+550 lintas Jakarta-Manggarai-Bogor/Nambo[1] Jumlah peronDua peron sisi yang tinggiJumlah j...

 

ProletarskayaПролетарскаяStasiun Metro MoskwaLokasiDistrik YuzhnoportovySouth-Eastern Administrative OkrugPemilikMoskovsky MetropolitenJalur!B9980540898509  7  Jalur Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya Jumlah peron1 peron pulauJumlah jalur2LayananBus: 9, 299, 608Trolleybus: 26, 27Tram: 12, 20, 35, 38, 40, 43, 46KonstruksiKedalaman9 meter (30 ft)Tinggi peron1ParkirTidak adaInformasi lainKode stasiun115SejarahDibuka31 Desember 1966Operasi layanan Stasiun sebelumnya ...

 

この記事は検証可能な参考文献や出典が全く示されていないか、不十分です。出典を追加して記事の信頼性向上にご協力ください。(このテンプレートの使い方)出典検索?: コルク – ニュース · 書籍 · スカラー · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ジャパンサーチ · TWL(2017年4月) コルクを打ち抜いて作った瓶の栓 コルク(木栓、�...

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Supreme Administrative Court of Finland – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2016) (Learn ho...

 

1963 Inyenzi rebels attacks and massacres in Rwanda For other uses, see Bloody Christmas. Bugesera invasionDate21–27 December 1963LocationRwandaResult Rwandan government victory Anti-Tutsi massacres in RwandaBelligerents InyenziSupported by: China  RwandaSupported by: BelgiumCommanders and leaders François RukebaKigeli V (disputed) Grégoire KayibandaJuvénal Habyarimana (disputed)Units involved Armée Royale Rwandaise Garde Nationale RwandaiseStrength Hundreds of ...

 

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (نوفمبر 2019) دوري كرة القدم الإسكتلندي الدرجة الثانية 1976–77 تفاصيل الموسم دوري كرة القدم الاسكتلندي الدرجة الثانية...

Fila Europa Cup 1983DoppioSport Tennis Vincitori Bettina Bunge Claudia Kohde Kilsch Finalisti Ivanna Madruga Catherine Tanvier Punteggio7-5, 6-4 Tornei Singolare Singolare   Doppio Doppio 1982 1987 Voce principale: Fila Europa Cup 1983. Il doppio del torneo di tennis Fila Europa Cup 1983, facente parte del Virginia Slims World Championship Series 1983, ha avuto come vincitrici Bettina Bunge e Claudia Kohde Kilsch che hanno battuto in finale Ivanna Madruga e Catherine Tanvier 7-5, 6-4. In...

 

Public land-grant research university in San Juan, Puerto Rico University of Puerto Rico, Río PiedrasFormer nameEscuela Normal Industrial (1901-1903)MottoHistoria veritas vitae ministra (Latin)Motto in EnglishHistory serves as the truth of lifeTypePublic land-grant research universityEstablishedMarch 12, 1903; 121 years ago (March 12, 1903)Parent institutionUniversity of Puerto RicoAccreditationMSCHEAcademic affiliationSea-grantSpace-grantBudget$202.5 million (2020)[1&#...

 

Any communication that can injure a third party's reputation For the film, see Defamation (film). Libel and Slander redirect here. For other uses, see Libel (disambiguation) and Slander (disambiguation). For the Wikipedia policy, see Wikipedia:Libel. Part of a series onLaw Foundations and Philosophy Definition Philosophy History Legal theory Jurisprudence Judicial interpretation Positive law Law and economics Sociology of law Methodological background Normative Prescriptive Legal debate Legal...

Late Roman solar deity This article is about the Roman sun god. For other uses of Sol Invictus, see Sol Invictus (disambiguation). Sol InvictusGod of the sunA relief of Sol from Roman Lugdunum, 2nd–3rd century CEOther namesElagabalusMajor cult centerTemple of the SunAbodeThe skyPlanetSunSymbolsSunburst, halo, radiate crownDaySundayGenderMaleFestivalsDies Natalis Solis Invicti (25th December)EquivalentsGreek equivalentHeliosPalmyran equivalentUtu Sol Invictus (Classical Latin: [ˈsoːɫ ...

 

Portada de la edición de Zaragoza de 1553. Historia general de las Indias fue la obra de Francisco López de Gómara en la que se relatan los acontecimientos sucedidos durante la conquista de México, la fundación de la Nueva España, la conquista de las islas La Española y Cuba, las exploraciones a la Florida, la conquista y fundación del Reino de Tierra Firme (hoy Panamá, Venezuela y Colombia), la conquista y fundación del Perú, de Quito, del Alto Perú, de Chile y del Río de La Pla...

 

Los Patios Municipio Barrio Bellavista BanderaEscudo Los PatiosLocalización de Los Patios en Colombia Los PatiosLocalización de Los Patios en Norte de SantanderCoordenadas 7°50′03″N 72°30′18″O / 7.8341666666667, -72.505Entidad Municipio • País  Colombia • Departamento Norte de Santander • Subregión MetropolitanaAlcalde José Miguel Bonilla Castiblanco (2020-2023)Eventos históricos   • Fundación 1815[1]​ • Erecc...

The Long Island Rail Road is a railroad owned by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority in the U.S. state of New York. It is the oldest United States railroad still operating under its original name and charter.[1] It consolidated several other companies in the late 19th century. The Pennsylvania Railroad owned the Long Island Rail Road for the majority of the 20th century and sold it to the State in 1966. Gateway to Boston, 1832–1840s The LIRR's history stretches back to the Br...

 

Italian painter The Assembly of the Gods 1575-76. Oil on copper, 31 x 22 cm. Private collection Jacopo Zucchi (c. 1541– c. 1590) was a Florentine painter of the Mannerist style, active in Florence and Rome. His training began in the studio of Giorgio Vasari, and he participated in the decoration of the Studiolo and the Salone dei Cinquecento in the Palazzo Vecchio. Moving to Rome in the early 1570s, he worked for Cardinal Ferdinando de' Medici in his Palazzo Firenze (1574), for whom he also...