Eleotridae

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Eleotridae
Oxyeleotris marmorata
Classificazione scientifica
DominioEukaryota
RegnoAnimalia
SottoregnoEumetazoa
RamoBilateria
PhylumChordata
SubphylumVertebrata
SuperclasseGnathostomata
ClasseActinopterygii
SottoclasseOsteichthyes
SuperordineAcanthopterygii
OrdinePerciformes
SottordineGobioidei
FamigliaEleotridae
Mogurnda mogurnda
Tateurndina ocellicauda
Mogurnda adspersa
Typhleotris madgascarensis
Eleotris oxycephala

Gli Eleotridae sono una famiglia di pesci ossei marini, d'acqua dolce e d'acqua salmastra.

Distribuzione e habitat

Gli Eleotridae sono diffusi nelle acque dolci e marine costiere della gran parte delle regioni tropicali. Poche specie sono diffuse nelle regioni temperate. Sono del tutto assenti dall'Europa e dal mar Mediterraneo. Sono particolarmente diffusi in Oceania e costituiscono una frazione notevole dell'ittiofauna d'acqua dolce di Australia e Nuova Guinea.

Le specie marine di solito vivono in acque costiere, spesso in zone di mescolamento tra le acque dolci e marine come i mangrovieti, gli estuari o le lagune. Alcuni eleotridi comunque sono diffusi anche nelle barriere coralline. Le specie di acqua dolce sono comuni nei corsi d'acqua che solcano le foreste pluviali come nelle pozze del deserto e, più in generale, in tutti gli ambienti. Typhleotris è un genere limitato alle acque sotterranee delle caverne del Madagascar, i cui membri sono privi di occhi e di pigmento.

Descrizione

L'aspetto degli eleotridi è abbastanza vario ma in genere sono molto simili ai Gobiidae da cui si riconoscono soprattutto per le pinne ventrali che possono essere divise o unite per varia lunghezza ma mai conformate a ventosa. In genere hanno struttura più massiccia che i Gobiidae e molte specie hanno bocca grande che denota abitudini predatorie. La bocca è terminale o rivolta in alto. Le scaglie sono presenti.

La maggior parte delle specie misura meno di 20 cm ma un certo numero supera questa misura. Dormitator maculatus è la specie più grande e può raggiungere i 70 cm.

Alimentazione

Le piccole specie si cibano di invertebrati, le più grandi catturano anche pesci.

Acquariofilia

Poche specie d'acqua dolce, tra cui spicca la coloratissima Tateurndina ocellicauda originaria della Nuova Guinea, si sono diffuse come ospiti degli acquari domestici.

Tassonomia

Sottofamiglie

La famiglia è suddivisa in due sottofamiglie:

Specie

La famiglia comprende le seguenti specie[1]:

Note

  1. ^ Fish Identification

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

  Portale Pesci: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di pesci

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