Démophoon

Demofoonte
Titolo originaleDémophoon
Lingua originalefrancese
Generetragédie lyrique
MusicaLuigi Cherubini
LibrettoJean-François Marmontel
Fonti letterarieDemofoonte di Metastasio
Attitre
Prima rappr.2 dicembre 1788
TeatroAcadémie Royale de Musique (Opéra di Parigi)
Personaggi
  • Demofoonte, re di Tracia (basso-cantante)
  • Osmide, figlio di Demofoonte (tenore)
  • Néade, altro figlio di Demofoonte (tenore)
  • Ircile, principessa di Frigia (soprano)
  • Astor, guerriero della corte di Demofoonte (baritono)
  • Dircé, figlia di Astor e sposa di Osmide (soprano)
  • Adraste, comandante delle guardie di Demofoonte (tenore)
  • Lygdame, sommo sacerdote di Apollo (basso-cantante)
  • Un ufficiale del palazzo (basso-cantante)
  • L'oracolo (basso-cantante)
  • Una sacerdotessa (soprano)
  • Un fanciullo (muto)
  • Coro: sacerdoti, sacerdotesse, fanciulle, popolo della Tracia, guerrieri
Luigi Cherubini, autore dell'opera

Demofoonte (in francese Démophoon, talvolta scritto Démophon) è una tragédie lyrique in tre atti di Luigi Cherubini, rappresentata per la prima volta all'Académie Royale de Musique (Opéra di Parigi) il 2 dicembre 1788. Il libretto, di Jean-François Marmontel, è ispirato al Demofoonte di Metastasio.

Storia delle rappresentazioni e accoglienza

Demofoonte fu la prima opera francese di Cherubini dopo il trasferimento da Londra a Parigi. Non ebbe successo e presto venne oscurata dall'opera di Johann Christoph Vogel basata sullo stesso soggetto, che fu rappresentata l'anno successivo. Il musicologo Basil Deane scrive: "A posteriori si può facilmente affermare che l'insuccesso era inevitabile. Marmontel basò il libretto in francese su Metastasio, ma sacrificò l'immediatezza del suo ispiratore con intrecci aggiuntivi superflui, adottando un linguaggio pomposamente banale".[1] L'italiano Cherubini ebbe difficoltà a musicare il libretto francese e sono numerosi gli esempi di accentazione sbagliata. Inoltre Cherubini solo parzialmente riuscì a modificare il proprio stile musicale da quello tipico dell'opera seria a quello ispirato a Gluck, che all'epoca dettava la moda in Francia.[2]

Più tardi però una parte della critica dimostrò un maggiore entusiasmo verso la partitura. Edward Joseph Dent sostiene che "Cherubini scrisse un'opera francese, Demofoonte, che nella realizzazione tecnica è magistrale come un lavoro di Mozart. Se qualche lavoro merita di essere chiamato 'classico', questo è Demofoonte."[3]

Interpreti della prima rappresentazione

Personaggio Tipologia vocale Interprete[4]
Démophoon basse-taille (basso-cantante) Auguste-Athanase (Augustin) Chéron
Osmide tenore Étienne Lainez
Néade tenore Jean-Joseph Rousseau
Ircile soprano Anne Chéron (nata Cameroy, detta "Mlle Dozon")
Astor baritono François Laïs (anche Lays o Lay)
Dircé soprano Antoinette Saint-Huberty
Adraste tenore Martin
Lygdame basse-taille (basso-cantante) Moreau
Un ufficiale del palazzo basse-taille (basso-cantante) Châteaufort
L'oracolo basse-taille (basso-cantante) Châteaufort
Una sacerdotessa soprano Anne-Marie-Jeanne Gavaudan
Un fanciullo muto Mlle Desforges

Discografia

  • 1982 - Silvano Carroli (Démophon), Linda Kelm (Dircé), Veriano Luchetti (Osmide), Håkan Hagegård (Astor), Christer Bladin (Neade), Cecilia Gasdia (Ircile) - Direttore: Gianluigi Gelmetti - Orchestra di Roma della RAI. Budapest Radio Chorus - Registrato dal vivo a Perugia il 26 settembre 1982- CD: The Opera Lovers DEM 198201[5]
  • 1985 - Giuseppe Taddei (Démophon), Montserrat Caballé (Dircé), Veriano Luchetti (Osmide), Jean-Philippe Lafont (Astor), Christer Bladin (Neade), Margarita Castro Alberty (Ircile), Natale de Carolis (Lygdame), Giovanni Gusmeroli (Oracolo), Luigi Petroni (Adraste), Laura Musella (Sacerdotessa), Bernardino di Bagno (Corifeo) - Direttore: Gianluigi Gelmetti - Orchestra e Coro del Teatro dell'Opera di Roma - Registrazione dal vivo - LP: Legendary Recordings LR 215-3. CD: House of Opera CDBB 173 (2003). DVD: House of Opera DVDZZ 210; Encore DVD 2933 (2007)[6]

Note

  1. ^ Deane, p.2 ("In retrospect it is easy to see that failure was inevitable. Marmontel based his French libretto on Metastasio, but sacrificed his predecessor's directness by introducing a superfluous sub-plot. Diffuse in structure, his text is pompously banal in language")
  2. ^ Deane, pp.2–3
  3. ^ Dent, p.49 ("Cherubini produced a French opera, Démophoon, which in its technical accomplishment is as masterly as anything of Mozart's. If any work ever deserved the epithet 'classical', it is Démophoon")
  4. ^ Secondo il libretto originale.
  5. ^ Démophon by Luigi Cherubini performed in French #1, su operadis-opera-discography.org.uk, operadis-opera-discography.org.uk. URL consultato l'8 febbraio 2014.
  6. ^ Démophon by Luigi Cherubini performed in French #2, su operadis-opera-discography.org.uk, operadis-opera-discography.org.uk. URL consultato l'8 febbraio 2014.

Bibliografia

  • (FR) Luigi Cherubini e Jean François Marmontel, Démophoon: tragédie-lyrique en trois actes, Lormel, 1788.
  • (EN) Basil Deane, Cherubini, Oxford University Press, 1965.
  • (EN) Edward Joseph Dent, The Rise of Romantic Opera, Cambridge University Press, 1979.
  • Raffaele Mellace, Démophoon, in Piero Gelli (a cura di), Dizionario dell'opera, Milano, Baldini&Castoldi, 1996, ISBN 978-88-6073-184-5. URL consultato l'8 febbraio 2014.

Collegamenti esterni

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