Classe Bayern

Classe Bayern
La Bayern in una foto del Bundesarchiv del 1915, nel Kaiser-Wilhelm-Kanal durante le prove in mare
Descrizione generale
Tiponave da battaglia
Numero unità4 (2 completate)
Caratteristiche generali
Dislocamento28.600 standard, 32.200 t a pieno carico
Lunghezza180 (totale), 179,5 a pelo d'acqua m
Larghezza30 m
Pescaggio9,39 m
Propulsione3 turbine a vapore su tre eliche per 35.000 shp all'asse complessivi, effettivi alle prove 55.000
Velocità21 di progetto, oltre 22 alle prove nodi
Autonomia8.000 a 12 nodi
Equipaggio1,187–1,271
Armamento
Artiglieria
Siluri
  • 1 tubo lanciasiluri da 600 mm subacqueo
Corazzatura
  • murata: da 170 a 350 mm
  • Torrette: da 100 a 350 mm
  • Torrione comando: 400 mm
  • Ponte: da 60 a 100 mm
Riferimenti nel corpo della voce.
voci di classi di navi da battaglia presenti su Wikipedia

La classe Bayern era costituita da quattro navi da battaglia, delle quali solo due completate, costruite per la Kaiserliche Marine a ridosso della prima guerra mondiale.

Schema di protezione della classe.

La classe si componeva della SMS Bayern, della SMS Baden, della SMS Sachsen e della SMS Württemberg. Le ultime due non vennero completate per le mutate necessità della guerra che trasferirono la priorità nelle costruzioni agli U-Boot e conseguentemente le due unità furono le ultime corazzate entrate in servizio nella Kaiserliche Marine[1]

La Baden non partecipò ad azioni della flotta tedesca, ed entrambe entrarono in servizio dopo la battaglia dello Jutland; la Bayern partecipò alla operazione Albion contro la flotta russa del Baltico nell'ottobre del 1917 e danneggiata seriamente per l'impatto con una mina navale venne riparata a Kiel ed ha rimpiazzato la SMS Friedrich der Große nel ruolo di nave ammiraglia della Hochseeflotte.

Le due unità rimasero in servizio fino alla fine della guerra quando furono internate con il resto della flotta tedesca a Scapa Flow nel novembre 1918. Le due navi della classe si autoaffondarono il 21 giugno 1919 all'ordine del contrammiraglio Ludwig von Reuter insieme al resto della flotta tedesca.

La SMS Bayern venne sabotata con successo e i britannici riuscirono a recuperare la SMS Baden prima che affondasse del tutto, utilizzandola poi come nave bersaglio. Le corazzate SMS Sachsen e SMS Württemberg la cui costruzione era stata sospesa alla fine della guerra vennero demolite. Lo scafo della SMS Bayern venne recuperato nel 1934 e demolito l'anno successivo.

Unità

Nave Cantiere Impostazione Varo Entrata in servizio Destino finale
SMS Bayern Howaldtswerke-Kiel agosto 1913 18 febbraio 1915 15 luglio 1916 autoaffondata a Scapa Flow il 21 giugno 1919
SMS Baden Schichau-Danzica dicembre 1913 30 Ottobre 1915 14 marzo 1917 affondata come bersaglio nell'agosto 1921
SMS Sachsen Germaniawerft-Kiel aprile 1914 21 novembre 1916 ordine cancellato prima del completamento, demolita nel 1921
SMS Württemberg AG Vulcan-Amburgo gennaio 1915 20 giugno 1917

Note

  1. ^ Hore, p. 70.

Bibliografia

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