Uppsalir

59°51′N 17°38′A / 59.850°N 17.633°A / 59.850; 17.633

Staðsetning Uppsala á korti

Uppsalir (sænsku: Uppsala) er borg í Svíþjóð um 70 km norðan við Stokkhólm. Uppsalir er fjórða stærsta borg Svíþjóðar, íbúar eru tæp 170.000 (2017).

Saga

Dómkirkjan í Uppsölum

Upphaflega voru Uppsalir nokkrum kílómetrum norðan við núverandi borgarstæði. Það svæði er nú nefnt Gömlu Uppsalir (Gamla Uppsala), núverandi svæði var nefnt Eystri Árósar (Östra Aros). Samkvæmt miðaldaheimildum, sérlega Adam af Brimum, voru Gömlu Uppsalir miðstöð ásatrúar í Svíþjóð, meðal annars eru til lýsingar á stórum styttum af ásunum í aðalhofinu.

Eftir kristnitöku á 11. öld hætti dýrkun á ásunum og í þeirra stað urðu Uppsalir mikilvæg miðstöð kirkjunnar. Erkibiskupsdæmi Svíþjóðar var stofnað í Uppsölum árið 1164.

Núverandi Uppsalir voru upphaflega hafnarstaður Gömlu Uppsala. Árið 1274 tóku Eystri Árósar við hlutverki Gömlu Uppsala þegar upphafleg dómkirkja brann og erkibiskupsdæmið var flutt. Samtímis hófst bygging Dómkirkjunnar í Uppsölum sem stendur enn. Er hún byggð í dæmigerðum gotískum stíl og er ein stærsta kirkja í Norður-Evrópu með 118 m háum turnum.

Elsti og ef til vill virtasti háskóli á Norðurlöndum er Háskólinn í Uppsölum, sem stofnaður var 1477. Við háskólann er meðal annars frægur grasagarður sem stofnaður var af jurtafræðingnum Carl von Linné. Fjölmargir íslendingar hafa stundað nám við háskólann.

Efnahagslíf

Fyrir utan háskólann og háskólasjúkrahúsið, sem setja svip á borgina, eru rannsóknir tengdar líftæknifræði og eins lyfjaframleiðsla mikilvægir þættir í efahags- og atvinnulífi Uppsala.

Tilvísanir

Tenglar

  Þessi landafræðigrein sem tengist Svíþjóð er stubbur. Þú getur hjálpað til með því að bæta við greinina.

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