Cara al Sol

Bandeira da Falange Española de las JONS.

O Cara al Sol é actualmente o himno de Falange Española de las JONS e foi canto nacional durante o franquismo. Foi composto principalmente por José Antonio Primo de Rivera e Agustín de Foxá coa música do compositor vasco Juan Tellería, Amanecer en Cegama.

Historia

O 17 de novembro de 1935 a dirección de Falanxe empezou a ver a necesidade de ter un himno para a agrupación. Foi á saída dun mitin cando se viu a conveniencia de poder cantar un himno en actos como ese. Na estrea do filme La bandera José Antonio convocou a outros falanxistas como María Jesús Mora, Rafael Sánchez Mazas, José María Alfaro e Dionisio Ridruejo para unha reunión no bar madrileño La Cueva del Orkompon. O 3 de decembro de 1935 reuniuse a chamada escuadra de poetas, composta por José Antonio, José María Alfaro, Agustín de Foxá, Dionisio Ridruejo, Pedro Mourlane Michelena, Jacinto Miquelarena, Rafael Sánchez Mazas e o marqués de Bolarque así coma o músico guipuzcoano Juan Tellería.

A directriz de Primo de Rivera foi clara:

Nuestro himno debe ser una canción alegre, exenta de odio, pero a la vez de guerra y amor. Haremos una estrofa a la novia, después una alusión a la guardia eterna en las estrellas, y luego otra a la victoria y la paz.

Cun deixe de ironía, o fundador de Falaxe ameazou con dar unha dose de aceite de rícino ao que faltara a dita reunión.[1] Nunhas horas de traballo quedou realizado o «Cara al sol», que sería presentado no mitin do Cine Europa de Madrid o 2 de febreiro de 1936.

Trala fin da guerra civil, pasou a ser un dos himnos oficiais franquistas xunto á Marcha Real e a Marcha de Oriamendi.

En abril de 2000 o Estado adquiriu a partitura orixinal deste himno, titulado orixinalmente por Tellería como "Canto de guerra y paz de Falange Española", deixándoo depositado, xunto con outras partituras do músico guipuzcoano na Biblioteca Nacional.[2]

Na actualidade, o «Cara al sol» é entoado en tódolos actos convocados por Falanxe Española e en datas simbólicas do franquismo como o 20 de novembro, porén de que Falanxe non considera adecuada a súa vinculación ao franquismo.

Notas

  1. Güerri Martín, Carmen. "El lenguaje del Cara al Sol" (PDF). Arquivado dende o orixinal (PDF) o 15 de xuño de 2012. 
  2. elmundo.es (4 de mayo de 2000). "El Estado compra el manuscrito original del "Cara al Sol" por más de dos millones". 

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