Musique symphonique

Cet article est une ébauche concernant la musique classique.

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Dans la musique instrumentale classique, la musique symphonique désigne l'ensemble des œuvres et des genres musicaux destinés à l'orchestre symphonique. La musique symphonique se distingue donc de la musique de chambre, c'est-à-dire, de la musique pour un ou plusieurs solistes, mais également, de la musique pour petits ensembles instrumentaux, généralement appelés orchestres de chambre.

Historique

Au début du XVII^e siècle, les effectifs et la structure de l'orchestre ne sont pas encore stabilisés : celui est essentiellement composé de la basse continue, de cordes frottées, et selon les circonstances, de quelques instruments d'appoint — flûtes, hautbois, cornets à bouquin (plus tard trompettes), bassons, quelquefois trombones... Au cours de la période baroque, les compositeurs prennent progressivement l'habitude de répartir les musiciens de l'orchestre en quatre véritables pupitres : c'est ainsi qu'au début du XVIII^e siècle, l'apparition de nouveaux genres — d'abord, le concerto de soliste et, un peu plus tard, la symphonie — marque la véritable naissance de la musique symphonique. Plus tard, au XIX^e siècle, celle-ci se dotera en outre de nouvelles formes musicales, comme le ballet et le poème symphonique.

Traités d'orchestration

(fr) Hector Berlioz et Joël-Marie Fauquet, De l'instrumentation, Paris, Le Castor astral, coll. « Les inattendus », 1994, 169 p. (ISBN 2-85920-227-7)
(fr) Hector Berlioz, Traité d'instrumentation et d'orchestration, Paris, Henry Lemoine, 1843, réed.1993, 312 p. (ISMN 979-0-2309-4518-9).
(fr) François-Auguste Gevaert, Nouveau traité d'instrumentation, Paris-Bruxelles, Lemoine & Fils, 1885, 340 p. (Texte disponible sur www.imslp.org)
(fr) Charles Koechlin, Traité de l'orchestration, vol. 1, Paris, Éditions Max Eschig, 1954, 322 p.
(en) Paul Mathews, Orchestration : an anthology of writings, New York, Routledge, 2006, 230 p. (ISBN 0-415-97683-9)
(en) (ru) Nikolaï Rimski-Korsakov et Maximilian Steinberg (trad. Edward Agate), Principles of Orchestration (Основы оркестровки), vol. 1, Berlin, Editions Russes de Musique,‎ 1913, trad.1922, 152 p.
(fr) Charles-Marie Widor, Technique de l'orchestre moderne, Paris, Henry Lemoine, 1925, 200 p.

Voir aussi

Sujets connexes

Liens externes

Notice dans un dictionnaire ou une encyclopédie généraliste :
- Internetowa encyklopedia PWN
Notices d'autorité :
- BnF (données)
- LCCN
- Israël
- Tchéquie

Portail de la musique classique

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