Arméniens à Istanbul

Un couple arménien à Constantinople au début du 19e siècle, par Louis Dupré

Les Arméniens à Istanbul (arménien : Պոլսահայեր Bolsahayer; turc : İstanbul Ermenileri) sont historiquement l'une des plus grandes minorités ethniques d'Istanbul, en Turquie.

La ville est souvent désignée comme Bolis (Պոլիս) par les Arméniens, nom qui vient de la fin du nom historique de la ville, Constantinople (grec moderne : Κωνσταντινούπολις Kōnstantinoúpolis, la ville de Constantin).

Aujourd'hui, selon les estimations, les habitants issus de l'ethnie arménienne à Istanbul seraient entre 50 000[1] et 70 000[2],[3],[4].

Communauté

En 2016, la communauté arménienne d'Istanbul a dix-sept écoles, dix-sept organisations sociales et culturelles, trois journaux appelés Agos, Jamanak et Marmara, deux clubs de sports, nommés Şişlispor et Taksimspor, et deux établissements de santé ainsi que de nombreuses fondations religieuses mises en place pour soutenir ces activités[5].

Les Arméniens à Istanbul au cours du temps
Année Total Arméniens %
1478 [6] 100 000 à 120 000 5 000 à 6 000 5
1844[7],[8] 891 000 De 222 000 24.9
Des années 1880[8] De 250 000
1885[7] 873 565 156 861 17.9
1913 1 125 000 163 670[9] 14.5
2011 13 483 052[10] De 50 000 à 70 000 De 0,3-0,5

Notables arméniens d'Istanbul

Voici une liste d'éminents Arméniens qui sont soit nés à Istanbul soit y ont travaillé :

Époque ottomane (avant 1923)
Ère républicaine (1923)
  • Udi Hrant Kenkulian, musicien classique turc
  • Ara Güler, photographe

Voir aussi

Notes et références

Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :

  1. Edmund Herzig, Marina Kurkchiyan, The Armenians: Past and Present in the Making of National Identity (Les Arméniens : Le Passé et le Présent dans la fabrication de l'identité nationale), 2005, p. 133
  2. Il y a 60 000 à 70 000 Arméniens à Istanbul
  3. Ministère des Affaires étrangères: de 89 000 vivent des minorités en Turquie, Aujourd'Hui Zaman
  4. Arméniens à Istanbul: la Diaspora de la Turquie se félicite de l'établissement de relations et attend des mesures plus des deux pays
  5. République de Turquie ministère de la Culture et du Tourisme - arménienne des réclamations et des faits historiques
  6. Richard G. Hovannisian, The Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times: Foreign dominion to statehood : the fifteenth century to the twentieth century; Volume 2 of The Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times, Palgrave Macmillan, 2004
  7. a et b (en arménien) Nicolas Adontz, «Հայկական հարցի լուծման շուրջ» [Autour de la solution de la question arménienne], “maison d'Édition de l'université d'État d'Erevan”, Erevan, 1989, p. 87-88
  8. a et b (en arménien) ՍՏԱՄԲՈՒԼԱՀԱՅ ՀԱՄԱՅՆՔ.
  9. Justin McCarthy, La Population de l'Empire ottoman, les Arméniens
  10. Institut turc de la statistique : Population des centres-villes et des provinces de la Turquie
  11. Aidan Russell, Truth, Silence and Violence in Emerging States : Histories of the Unspoken, Milton, Routledge, (ISBN 9781351141109, lire en ligne) :

    « The modern Turkish alphabet based on Latin was composed by Hakob Martayan (Agop Dilâçar) »

  12. Adam J. Goldwyn et Renée M. Silverman, Mediterranean modernism : intercultural exchange and aesthetic development, New York, Springer, (ISBN 9781137586568, lire en ligne), p. 224 :

    « With the establishment of the Turkish republic in 1923 and the language reforms initiated by Mustafa Kemal in 1928, the language went through a radical transformation: it would no longer be written in the Arabic alphabet but in the Latin, and it would be purified of its Arabic and Persian vocabulary. Concurrently, it would no longer be called Ottoman Turkish but simply Turkish. A language committee was established to adapt the Latin script to the phonetic demands of Turkish, resulting in a new alphabet of 29 letters. The script was founded by an Armenian, Hagop Martayan (1895-1979). »

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