Auguste Beernaert

Auguste Beernaert noin vuonna 1900.

Auguste Marie François Beernaert (26. kesäkuuta 1829 Oostende – 6. lokakuuta 1912 Luzern) oli belgialainen valtiomies. Hän toimi Belgian pääministerinä vuosina 1884–1894 sekä ministerinä useita kertoja. Hänelle myönnettiin Nobelin rauhanpalkinto yhdessä ranskalaisen Paul Balluet d’Estournelles de Constantin kanssa.[1]

August Beernaert oli katolinen flaami. Hänen isänsä oli valtion virkamies. Beernaert suoritti klassiset lukio-opintonsa äitinsä opastuksella ja valvonnassa. Tämän jälkeen hän suoritti oikeustieteellisen loppututkinnon Leuvenin yliopistossa ja vieraili tämän jälkeen useissa eurooppalaisissa yliopistoissa: Pariisissa, Berliinissä ja Heidelbergissä. Nain hän saattoi verrata erilaisia oikeustieteen opetusmenetelmiä. Nämä kokemuksensa hän toi mukanaan Belgian sisäministeriöön ja laati niistä myös julkaisun.

Auguste Beernaert vuonna 1909.

Beernaert teki myös menestyksellisen uran asianajajana ja kirjoittautui asianajajarekisteriin vuonna 1853. Tällöin hän erikoistui verojuridiikkaan. Vuonna 1873 Belgian katolinen puolue kutsui hänet johtamaan työ-, rautatie- ja liikenneministeriötä.

Hänestä tuli Belgian hallituksen pääministeri vuonna 1884 ja tämän tehtävän aikana, joka kesti vuoteen 1894 saakka, hän sai hyväksytyksi ensimmäiset Belgian sosiaalilait. Hänellä oli myös merkittävä rooli Belgian Kongon hankkimisessa ja sen kehittämisessäselvennä.

Lähteet

  1. ↑ The Nobel Peace Prize 1909 Nobelprize.org – The Official Website of the Nobel. Viitattu 15.7.2012. (englanniksi)
Nobelin rauhanpalkinnon saajat
1901–19251901: Dunant, Passy

1902: Ducommun, Gobat 1903: Cremer 1904: Kansainvälisen oikeuden instituutti 1905: Suttner 1906: Roosevelt 1907: Moneta, Renault 1908: Arnoldson, Bajer 1909: Beernaert, Paul Balluet d’Estournelles de Constant 1910: Kansainvälinen Rauhantoimisto 1911: Asser, Fried 1912: Root 1913: La Fontaine 1917: Punainen Risti 1919: Wilson 1920: Bourgeois 1921: Branting, Lange 1922: Nansen

1925: Chamberlain, Dawes
1926–19501926: Briand, Stresemann

1927: Buisson, Quidde 1929: Kellogg 1930: Söderblom 1931: Addams, Butler 1933: Angell 1934: Henderson 1935: Ossietzky 1936: Lamas 1937: Cecil 1938: Nansenin kansainvälinen pakolaistoimisto 1944: Punainen Risti 1945: Hull 1946: Balch, Mott 1947: Kveekarit

1949: Boyd Orr
1951–19751950: Bunche

1951: Jouhaux 1952: Schweitzer 1953: Marshall 1954: Yhdistyneiden kansakuntien pakolaisjärjestö 1957: Pearson 1958: Pire 1959: Noel‑Baker 1960: Lutuli 1961: Hammarskjöld 1962: Pauling 1963: Punainen Risti 1964: King 1965: Unicef 1968: Cassin 1969: Kansainvälinen työjärjestö 1970: Borlaug 1971: Brandt 1973: Kissinger, Lê 1974: MacBride, Satō

1975: Saharov
1976–20001976: B. Williams, Corrigan

1977: Amnesty International 1978: Sadat, Begin 1979: Äiti Teresa 1980: Esquivel 1981: YK:n pakolaisapujärjestö 1982: Myrdal, García Robles 1983: Wałęsa 1984: Tutu 1985: Lääkärit ydinsotaa vastaan 1986: Wiesel 1987: Arias 1988: YK:n Rauhanturvaajat 1989: Dalai Lama 1990: Gorbatšov 1991: Suu Kyi 1992: Menchú 1993: Mandela, de Klerk 1994: Arafat, Peres, Rabin 1995: Pugwash-liike, Rotblat 1996: Belo, Ramos Horta 1997: Kampanja maamiinojen kieltämiseksi (ICBL), J. Williams 1998: Hume, Trimble 1999: Lääkärit ilman rajoja

2000: Kim
2001–2001: YK, Annan

2002: Carter 2003: Ebadi 2004: Maathai 2005: IAEA, ElBaradei 2006: Yunus, Grameen Bank 2007: Gore, IPCC 2008: Ahtisaari 2009: Obama 2010: Liu 2011: Gbowee, Johnson Sirleaf, Karman 2012: EU 2013: Kemiallisten aseiden kieltojärjestö 2014: Satyarthi, Yousafzai 2015: Tunisian kansallisen vuoropuhelun kvartetti 2016: Juan Manuel Santos 2017: International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons 2018: Murad, Mukwege 2019: Abiy 2020: Maailman ruokaohjelma 2021: Ressa, Muratov 2022: Bjaljatski, Memorial, Center for Civil Liberties 2023: Mohammadi

2024: Nihon Hidankyō

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