Shimonoseki

Shimonoseki
下関市
下関市 (Shimonoseki-shi)
core city of Japan (en) Itzuli
Fitxategi:No
Administrazioa
Herrialdea Japonia
Uhartea
Eskualdea
Prefektura		Honshu
Chūgoku
Yamaguchi
Izen ofiziala下関市
赤間関市
Jatorrizko izena下関市
Posta kodea750-8521
Geografia
Koordenatuak33°57′28″N 130°56′29″E / 33.95789°N 130.94133°E / 33.95789; 130.94133
Map
Azalera716,14 km²
MugakideakNagato, Mine (en) Itzuli, Sanyo-Onoda (en) Itzuli eta Kitakyūshū
Demografia
Biztanleria252.844 (2021eko martxoaren 1a)
−15.673 (2015)
Dentsitatea353 bizt/km²
Informazio gehigarria
Sorrera1889ko apirilaren 1a
Telefono aurrizkia0832
Ordu eremuaUTC+09:00
Hiri senidetuakJidda, Istanbul, Busan eta Kikugawa (en) Itzuli
http://www.city.shimonoseki.yamaguchi.jp/ www.city.shimonoseki.yamaguchi.jp

Shimonoseki (japonieraz: 下関市 Shimonoseki-shi?) Japoniako hegoaldeko hiria eta portua da. Yamaguchi prefekturako hiri handiena den arren Yamaguchi da hiriburua. 2014ko erroldaren arabera 272.668 biztanle ditu. Honshu uhartean egon arren ia 6 milioi biztanle dituen Fukuoka–Kitakyushu metropoli eremuan sartzen da.

Japoniako globo arrain ekoizle nagusia da, bertan fugu (河豚) izena ematen zaio.

Geografia

Honshu uhartearen hego-mendebaleko muturrean dago, Yamaguchi prefekturan, Kanmon itsasartearen ertzean, Tsushimako itsasartearen eta Setoko Barne Itsasoaren artean.

Historia

XII mendeko Genpei Gerran Dan-no-ura borroka bertan izan zen. 1185eko martxoaren 24an Genjiren flotak (Minamoto leinua) Heikerena (Taira) garaitu zuen. Gerra honi esker Tairatarrek Japoniaren kontrola galdu eta Minamoto Yoshitsune shogun bihurtu zen Kamakuran bere egoitza ezarriz.

1863. urtean Komei enperadoreak atzerritar guztiak bota zituen hiritik, eta europarrek hiria bonbardatu zuten. Txinaren eta Japoniaren arteko gerra amaitu zenean, 1895ean, han negoziatu zuten bakea, eta Txinak, Korearen independentzia onartzeaz gainera, Japoniaren menpe utzi zituen Lao-Tongeko penintsula, Taiwan eta Pesng-hu uhartea.

1899ko dekretu batek Shimonoseki nazioarteko itsas-portu izendtu zuen eta Erresuma Batuarekin eta Estatu Batuekin merkatal harremanak izateko ireki zen.

1902 arte Bakan (馬関) izenaz ezagutu izan zen Shimonoseki.

Klima

    Datu klimatikoak (Shimonoseki)    
 Hila   Urt   Ots   Mar   Api   Mai   Eka   Uzt   Abu   Ira   Urr   Aza   Abe   Urtekoa 
Batez besteko tenperatura maximoa (°C) 8.5 9.0 12.3 17.4 21.5 24.7 28.8 30.3 26.8 21.8 16.6 11.4 19.1
Batez besteko tenperatura (ºC) 5.8 6.0 8.9 13.7 17.8 21.3 25.6 27.0 23.5 18.3 13.3 8.5 15.8
Batez besteko tenperatura minimoa (°C) 3.4 3.5 5.9 10.6 14.8 18.7 23.3 24.6 20.8 15.4 10.5 5.9 13.1
Pilatutako prezipitazioa (mm) 73.5 76.8 108.5 158.4 161.3 278.5 264.2 126.8 179.7 95.1 78.7 58.2 1659.7
Eguzki orduak 89.7 106.1 165.9 176.0 200.7 159.0 183.0 213.2 164.4 177.6 132.2 100.0 1867.8
Hezetasuna (%) 65 66 68 73 75 80 82 78 76 70 69 66 72.3
Iturria: NOAA (1961-1990) [1]

Ekonomia

Hango portutik merkataritza-harreman estuak bideratzen dira Errusia, Korea eta Txinarekin. Ikatza, ehunak, kontserbak eta tresneria mekanikoa esportatzen ditu. Japoniako mendebaleko lehen arrantza-portua da, eta garrantzi handikoa da, halaber, hiriko industria (ontziolak, eraikuntzarako gaiak, kimika-industria). 1942. urtean zabaldutako tunelak hiria eta Kyushu uhartea lotzen ditu.

Ondasun nabarmenak

Iruditegia

Hiri senidetuak

Erreferentziak

  1. ↑ Shimonoseki Climate Normals 1961-1990. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Noiz kontsultatua: January 6, 2013).

Kanpo estekak

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