Kinoa

Kinoa
Sailkapen zientifikoa
OrdenaCaryophyllales
FamiliaAmaranthaceae
LeinuaAtripliceae
GeneroaChenopodium
Espeziea Chenopodium quinoa
Datu orokorrak
Gizakiak ateratzen dizkion produktuakquinoa seed (en) Itzuli eta quinoa oil (en) Itzuli
Genomaren kokapenaplants.ensembl.org…

Kinoa sabi (Chenopodium) espezie bat da, hazi jangarriak dituelako gizakiak hazten duen labore bat. Haren izenaren jatorria ketxua hizkuntza da, handik espainierak hartu zuen, eta gero gainerako hizkuntzetara zabaldu zen.

Ezaugarri nagusiak

Ez da benetako zereala, ez baita belarra (Poaceae familiakoa), baina bere haziek zerealen antzeko kontsumoa dutenez, sasizerealen multzoan sailkatzen da. Kinoaren orriak barazki gisa jaten dira, amarantoarenak bezala, baina kinoa-orriak ez dira hain usuak eta zailagoa da haiek eskuratzea.

Kinoa Hego Amerikako Andeetako eskualdean sortu zen, eta 6.000 urtez funtsezko elikagaia izan da han. Egun, lehen ekoizlea Bolivia da, gero Peru eta Estatu Batuak. Itsas mailan hasi eta 4.000 metroko garaierarainoko lekuetan hazten da, eta arazorik gabe moldatzen da hezetasun eta tenperatura desberdinetara. Hala ere, hobeto garatzen da lurzoru ondo drainatuetan eta hazte-sasoi aski luzea du.

Elikadura-balioa

Kinoa elikagai nagusietan bigarrena izan zen Andeetako kolonaurreko zibilizazioetan; patata zen lehena, eta artoa hirugarrena. Egun labore hau oso estimatua da dituen elikagai-balioagatik. Proteina-kantitate handia du (% 12 – % 18 bitartekoa). Gariak edo arrozak ez bezala, kinoak gizakiarentzat funtsezkoak diren aminoazidoen multzo orekatua du, eta proteina osoen iturritzat jo du hainbat elikadura-ikerlanek.[1][2][3] Beste lan batzuek diote kinoaren proteina ez dela osoa, baina funtsezko aminoazidoetan aberatsa dela.[4] Kinoaren proteinak gariarenak baino hobeto betetzen ditu gizakien premiak. Janari zuntzaren eta fosforoaren iturri ona da, eta magnesio eta burdina asko dauka. Kinoak ez du glutenik, eta liserierraza dela jotzen da.

  • Kinoa-aleak
    Kinoa-aleak
  • Chenopodium quinoa -red faro- - Museum specimen
    Chenopodium quinoa -red faro- - Museum specimen

Erreferentziak

  1. ↑ (Ingelesez) Mother Grain Quinoa A Complete Protein. Oardc.osu.edu.
  2. ↑ (Ingelesez) Nutrition Facts and Analysis of Quinoa, Cooked. .
  3. ↑ (Ingelesez) Quinoa. .
  4. ↑ (Ingelesez) Nutritional quality of the protein in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa, Willd) seeds. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.


Zerealak eta sasizerealak

Amarantoa - Arroza - Artatxikia - Artoa - Artobeltza - Basa arroza - Basartoa - Espelta - Fonioa - Garagarra - Garia - Kañiwa - Kinoa - Oloa - Tefa - Tritikalea - Zekalea


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