Besoko

Zilarrezko besokoa

Besokoa osagai apaingarri bat da, pertsonek besoan, eskumuturrean, edo orkatiletan jartzen dutena. Arruntki, urre, zilar, brontze edo burniz egina egoten da, garrantzi gutxiagoko metaletan eginiko besokoak ere falta ez diren arren. Beste alde batetik, ohikoa da harribitxiekin, filigrana edo esmalteekin eta beste gauza batzuekin apaintzea. Besokoaren uztaia (eraztun forma duenean), osoa edo ez osoa izan daiteke eta pieza bakarrekoa, edo baita bi piezas osatutakoa ere, gontz baten bidez ireki eta ixten direnak.

Historia

Antzinako besokoa. Akemenidar garaia K. a. 500. urtea Iran.

Besokoaren antzinakotasuna, eraztunarenaren oso antzekoa da, antzinagokoa ez bada, Antzinako Egiptoko momiatan eta Brontze Aroko historiaurreko hilobi europarretan ale batzuk aurkitu baitira, eta sarri ikusten da Asiriar Inperioko pertsonaien erliebetan irudikatua. Antzinakoenak, Neolitokoak dira, eta zulatutako oskolen forma dute.

Gaurko egunetara, antzinako zibilizazio guztietako besokoak heldu dira, Brontze Arokotik hasita, eta hauek forma espiral edo biribil sinple bat dute. Hauen ondoren, egipziarrak daude, zilindrikoak eta bi ataletakoak, estiloaren ezaugarritsuak diren ikur eta harribitxi inkrustazioekin apainduak. Feniziarrak, eraztun ireki gisa egiten dira, eta animalia buruetan amaituak. Greziar eta erromatarrek, forma biribil edo espiralak dituzte, sugea imitatuz, eta sarri, harri eta dominekin apaintzen dira. Bizantziar Inperiotik, bere mosaiko eta miniaturak diotenez, besokoa klase altuko jendeak erabiltzen zuela garbi geratzen da. Dena dela, ez zuen oso ohikoa izan behar, gutxiago oraindik Mendebaldean (Europa iparraldeko lurraldeetan salbu), Erdi Aroak utzi dituen osagai hauen arrasto urriei erreparatuz gero. XV. mendean, zaldunek bere erabilera berrezarri zuten arma jokoetan intsignia bezala, eta, Aro Modernoan, andreek, luxuzko erosgai bezala. Gaur egun, berriz ere emakumeek zein gizonek erabiltzen dute.

Ikus, gainera

Eskumuturreko


Kanpo estekak

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