Vikas (rocket engine)

Vikas

Model of the Vikas engine
Country of origin	India
Designer	Société Européenne de Propulsion (SEP) ISRO (licensed version)
Manufacturer	Godrej & Boyce and MTAR Technologies[1]
Predecessor	Viking
Status	Active
Liquid-fuel engine
Propellant	N2O4 / UDMH
Cycle	Gas generator
Performance
Thrust	850 kN[2]
Chamber pressure	6.2 MPa (62 bar)[3][4]
Specific impulse, vacuum	293 seconds (2.87 km/s)[3]
Specific impulse, sea-level	262 seconds (2.57 km/s)[3]
Dimensions
Length	3.70 m (12.1 ft)(Vikas-4B)
Dry mass	120 in (3,000 mm)
Used in
2nd stage of PSLV and GSLV Main stage L110 of LVM3

The Vikas (a portmanteau from initials of VIKram Ambalal Sarabhai^[5][6] ) is a family of hypergolic liquid fuelled rocket engines conceptualized and designed by the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC) in the 1970s.^[7][8] The design was based on the licensed version of the Viking engine with the chemical pressurisation system.^[9] The early production Vikas engines used some imported French components which were later replaced by domestically produced equivalents.^[10] It is used in the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV), Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) and LVM3 for space launch use.

Vikas engine is used to power the second stage of PSLV, boosters and second stage of GSLV Mark I and II and also the core stage of LVM3. The propellant loading for Vikas engine in PSLV, GSLV Mark I and II is 40 tons, while in LVM3 is 55 tons.

In 1974, Societe Europeenne de Propulsion agreed to transfer Viking engine technology in return for 100 man-years of engineering work from ISRO. The first engine built from the acquired technology was tested successfully in 1985 by Nambi Narayanan and his team at ISRO and named it Vikas.^[11]

The engine uses up about 40 metric tons of UDMH as fuel and Nitrogen tetroxide (N₂O₄) as oxidizer with a maximum thrust of 725 kN. An upgraded version of the engine has a chamber pressure of 58.5 bar as compared to 52.5 bar in the older version and produces a thrust of 800 kN. The engine is capable of gimballing.

For launches from 2018 a 6% increased thrust version of the Vikas engine was developed. It was demonstrated on 29 March 2018 in the GSAT 6A launch second stage. It will be used for the four Vikas engines first stage boosters on future missions.^[12]

• "L110 test to follow S200". SuperNova. January 4, 2010.
• "Class of 1974: Rocket science & reminiscences". India Today. IANS. 19 October 2015.