The Pierce expansion of a real number ${\displaystyle x}$ in the interval ${\displaystyle (0,1)}$ is a unique increasing sequence of positive integers ${\displaystyle (a_{1},a_{2},a_{3},...)}$ such that^[1]

${\displaystyle x={\frac {1}{a_{1}}}-{\frac {1}{a_{1}a_{2}}}+{\frac {1}{a_{1}a_{2}a_{3}}}-\cdots }$

Category:Mathematical analysis Category:Continued fractions Category:Egyptian fractions

User:B3251/sandbox/Biography

Ezekiel Stone Wiggins

Andrew Hill Clark
Born	(1911-04-29)April 29, 1911 Fairford, Manitoba, Canada
Died	May 21, 1975(1975-05-21) (aged 64) Madison, Wisconsin, United States
Academic work
Discipline	Geography
Sub-discipline	Historical geography

Andrew Hill Clark (April 29, 1911 – May 21, 1975) was a Canadian-born American historical geographer.

He founded the Department of Geography at Rutgers University in 1949.

Andrew Hill Clark was born on April 29, 1911, in Fairford, Manitoba,^[1] to parents Jeremiah Simpson Clark^[2] and Jessie Belle Pratt.^[3]

He received his Bachelor of Arts from McMaster University in 1930. He earned a Master of Arts from the University of Toronto in 1938,^[4] where he studied under Thomas Griffith Taylor and Harold Innis. Afterwards, he moved to the University of California, Berkeley, to work with Carl O. Sauer.^[1] He completed his Ph.D. in 1944 with a dissertation on the colonization of New Zealand's South Island.^[4]

• The Invasion of New Zealand by People, Plants and Animals: The South Island (Rutgers University Press, 1949)
• Three Centuries and the Island (University of Toronto Press, 1959)
• Acadia: The Geography of Early Nova Scotia to 1760 (University of Wisconsin Press, 1968)

Category:1911 births Category:1975 deaths Category:Historical geographers Category:People from Interlake Region, Manitoba

This article is a timeline of the history of the city of Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada.

• 1783 – The Royal St. John's Gazette and Nova Scotia Intelligencer, the first newspaper in New Brunswick (then Nova Scotia), is published in Parrtown.^[1][2]
• 1785
  • The City of Saint John is established by Royal Charter through the amalgamation of Loyalist communities Parrtown and Carleton, making it Canada's first incorporated city.
  • Gabriel George Ludlow is appointed as Saint John's first mayor.
• 1786 – The first provincial legislature opens in Saint John.^[1]
• 1795 – William Campbell appointed mayor.

• 1816 – John Robinson appointed mayor.
• 1828 – William Black appointed mayor.
• 1829 – Lauchlan Donaldson appointed mayor.
• 1832 – William Black appointed mayor for a second time.
• 1833 – John McNeil Wilmot appointed mayor.
• 1834 – Benjamin L. Peters appointed mayor.
• 1835 – William H. Street appointed mayor.
• 1836 – John Robertson appointed mayor.
• 1837 – Robert F. Hazen appointed mayor.
• 1840 – William Black appointed mayor for a third time.
• 1842 – Abraham Gesner opens Gesner's Museum of Natural History, the first public museum in Canada.^[1]
• 1843 – Lauchlan Donaldson appointed mayor for a second time.
• 1847 – John Richard Partelow appointed mayor.
• 1848 – William H. Street appointed mayor for a second time.
• 1849 – Robert Duncan Wilmot appointed mayor.
• 1850 – Henry Chubb appointed mayor.
• 1851
  • The Marco Polo launches. It was considered the world's fastest ship at its time.^[1]
  • Thomas Harding elected mayor by Common Council.
• 1852 – William O. Smith elected mayor by Common Council.
• 1853 – James Olive elected mayor by Common Council.
• 1854 – James Olive re-elected mayor, this time by residents.
• 1855 – William O. Smith elected mayor for a second time.
• 1859 – Thomas Mcavity elected mayor.
• 1863 – Isaac Woodward elected mayor.
• 1866 – Aaron Alward elected mayor.
• 1870 – Thomas M. Reed elected mayor.
• 1864 – A. Chipman Smith elected mayor.
• 1877
  • The Great Fire of Saint John destroys a large portion of the city.^[1]
  • Sylvester Zobieski Earle elected mayor.
• 1879 – Charles R. Ray elected mayor.
• 1881 – Simeon Jones elected mayor.
• 1884 – J. Mcgregor Grant elected mayor.
• 1885 – Jeremiah Smith Boies De Veber elected mayor.
• 1887 – Henry J. Thorne elected mayor.
• 1889 – George A. Barker elected mayor. Dies in office the same year. I. Allen Jack serves temporarily as mayor until W. Albert Lockhart is elected.
• 1891 – Thomas W. Peters elected mayor.
• 1894 – George Robertson elected mayor.
• 1898 – Edward Sears elected mayor.

• 1900 – John Waterhouse Daniel elected mayor.
• 1902 – Walter W. White elected dmayor.
• 1906 – Edward Sears elected mayor for a second time.
• 1908 – Thomas H. Bullock elected mayor.
• 1910 – James H. Frink elected mayor.
• 1916 – Robert T. Hayes elected mayor.
• 1920 – E. Allen Schofield elected mayor.
• 1922 – H. R. McLellan elected mayor. Ousted during a by-election the same year. G. Frederick Fisher elected mayor.
• 1924 – Frank L. Potts elected mayor.
• 1926 – Walter W. White elected mayor for a second time.
• 1932 – James W. Brittain elected mayor.
• 1936 – David Laurence MacLaren elected mayor.
• 1940 – Charles R. Wasson elected mayor.
• 1944 – James D. McKenna elected mayor.
• 1948 – Ernest W. Patterson elected mayor.
• 1950 – George E. Howard elected mayor.
• 1952 – Ernest W. Patterson elected mayor for a second time.
• 1954 – Gilbert B. Peat elected mayor.
• 1956 – William W. Macaulay elected mayor.
• 1958 – David Laurence MacLaren elected mayor for a second time.
• 1960 – James A. Whitebone completes MacLaren's mayoral term following his death in office; Eric Teed elected mayor later that year.
• 1964 – Stephen Weyman elected mayor.
• 1966 – Arthur L. Gould elected mayor.
• 1967 – Joseph A. Macdougall elected mayor.
• 1969 – H. Avard Loomer elected mayor; dies in office. James E. Calvin elected mayor later that year.
• 1971 – Bob Lockhart elected mayor.
• 1974 – Edis A. Flewwelling elected mayor.
• 1977 – Samuel Davis elected mayor.
• 1980 – Bob Lockhart elected mayor for a second time.
• 1983 – Elsie Wayne elected mayor; first woman to serve as mayor in Saint John.
• 1994 – Thomas J. Higgins elected mayor.
• 1995 – Shirley McAlary elected mayor.

• 2004 – Norm McFarlane elected mayor.
• 2008 – Ivan Court elected mayor.
• 2012 – Mel Norton elected mayor.
• 2016 – Don Darling elected mayor.
• 2021 – Donna Reardon elected mayor.

Camille Branchaud
Born	Unknown (based in Montreal, Quebec)
Died	Unknown
Occupation	Executioner

Camille Branchaud was the pseudonym used by an unidentified Canadian executioner

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1955 1 2

Branchaud carried out his first hanging in 1935 at Bordeaux Prison in Montreal.^[1]

Notes about death 1 (prior to November 1972)^[2]

Notable execution(s):

• Robert Raymond Cook in Alberta on November 15, 19601
• Double hanging of Leonard Jackson and Steven Suchan (members of the Boyd Gang) on December 16, 19521 (page 2/214 citation 7)

Category:Executioners Category:Unidentified Canadian people Category:Pseudonyms Category:People from Montreal Category:Capital punishment in Canada

Short description Asset allocation exchange-traded funds (also known as all-in-one ETFs) are a type of exchange-traded fund (ETF) that provides diversification across mutiple asset classes within a single fund.^[1]

( + the fund is made up of other ETFs) ("ETF of ETFs") 1 ("diversified basket of ETFs, ranging from a conservative (usually a 50/50 equity-to-fixed-income mix) to a full 100% equity allocation" "typically have Canadian, American, and international stock exposure, as well as varying levels of bonds depending on your risk tolerance and the specific ETF you select." "...passive, low-cost approach to consider if you are not comfortable selecting and monitoring a handful of ETFs yourself")^[2] (popular in Canada)^[3] (example XEQT)^[4]

1 2 3

Category:Exchange-traded funds

Lake Utopia Medallion
Material	Granite
Size	22 in × 18 in × 2 in (56 cm × 46 cm × 5 cm)
Weight	51.5 lb (23.4 kg)
Created	Unknown (possibly 17th century or earlier)
Discovered	1863, near Lake Utopia, Charlotte County, New Brunswick
Discovered by	James Laney
Present location	New Brunswick Museum

The Lake Utopia Medallion (also known as the Utopia Medallion or Stone Medallion of Lake Utopia) is an artifact discovered in 1863 near Lake Utopia in Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada. The medallion features a human face etched into a red granite slab.

The medallion was discovered in 1863 by James Laney, a Scottish immigrant and stonemason^[1][2] who lived near St. George,^[3] while searching for granite to use for construction at his house.^[2][4] After cleaning it at home, Laney revealed the carving.^[5]

Laney sold the medallion for $4 to A. J. Wetmore, a collector at St. George.^[6]

https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sault-star/146188625/

https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/nb-tourism-minister-faces-questions-tammy-scott-wallace-1.7183682

Acadian Peninsula

Amaranth 1 2

Princess Louise 1 2 3

? 1

/ 1

/ 1

/ 1 2

1 1 2

https://www.fbi.gov/wanted/topten/topten-history/hires_images/FBI-295-BillieAustinBryant.jpg/view

Paris Crew 1 2

Charles Frederick Hartt 1

/ 1

/ 1

/ 1

intelligencer 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Una semana en el motor de un autobús
Studio album by Los Planetas
Released	13 April 1998 (1998-04-13)
Recorded	January 1998
Studios	Zabriskie Point, New York City
Genres	Indie rock, noise pop
Length	58:54
Label	RCA / BMG
Producer	Kurt Ralske
Los Planetas chronology
Pop (1996) Una semana en el motor de un autobús (1998) Canciones para una orquesta química. Singles y EP 1993-1999 (1999)

Una semana en el motor de un autobús (A Week in the Engine of a Bus) is the third studio album by Spanish indie rock band Los Planetas. It was released on 13 April 1998 by RCA Records.

Professional ratings

Review scores
Source	Rating
AllMusic	[1]

The album was received positively. Don Snowden awarded it four stars while reviewing for AllMusic, praising its songwriting as "very consistent yet varied".^[1] Spanish music magazine Rockdelux named it the best album of 1998,^[2] second-best of the 1990s, and 18th-best national album of the 20th century. Babelia ranked it 11th among the 50 best Spanish albums of the last half-century.

The album inspired journalist Nando Cruz's 2011 book Una semana en el motor de un autobús: La historia del disco que casi acaba con Los Planetas,^[3] which won "Best Literary Work" at the 2012 Independent Music Awards hosted by Unión Fonográfica Independiente.^[4]

In 2024, the film Saturn Return (Segundo premio), directed by Isaki Lacuesta and Pol Rodríguez, dramatized its creation,^[5] winning the Golden Biznaga at the 27th Málaga Film Festival^[6] and selected as Spain's submission for the Best International Feature Film at the 97th Academy Awards.^[7]

Category:1998 albums Category:RCA Records albums Category:Indie rock albums by Spanish artists Category:Noise pop albums

Eric MacKay Yeoman
Born	(1885-10-09)October 9, 1885 Newcastle, New Brunswick, Canada
Died	February 3, 1909(1909-02-03) (aged 23) Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
Education	Dalhousie University
Occupations	Poet, journalist, writer

Eric MacKay Yeoman (October 9, 1885 – February 3, 1909) was a Canadian poet, journalist, and writer.

Eric MacKay Yeoman was born on October 9, 1885 in Newcastle, New Brunswick, the eldest son of James Yeoman,^[1] a Royal Bank of Canada manager,^[2] and Elizabeth L. MacKay.^[1] His father died when Yeoman was five years old, after which the family moved to Halifax, Nova Scotia, where they initially lived with Elizabeth's widowed mother. After her death, the family moved in with Elizabeth's sister, Catherine Olivia, and her husband, John James Stewart, the who wrote for the Halifax Herald.^[1]

Yeoman attended public schools in Halifax and graduated from the Halifax Academy. In 1903, he enrolled at Dalhousie University to study arts with a focus on journalism. He completed three years but remained listed as a fourth-year student for two academic years. His first published poem, "The Contrast", appeared in The Canadian Magazine in April 1907. Over the next few years, the magazine published fifteen of his poems during his lifetime. Yeoman died on February 3, 1909 in Halifax from brain fever, at the age of 23.^[1][2]

Category:1885 births Category:1909 deaths Category:Canadian poets Category:Canadian journalists Category:People from Northumberland County, New Brunswick Category:Writers from Halifax, Nova Scotia

https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/fredericton-garrison-fire-report-1.7258411 https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/fredericton-historic-garrison-building-1.7271969 https://tj.news/fredericton-west/historic-garrison-building-will-need-to-be-torn-down-national-defence https://tj.news/fredericton-west/councillors-question-if-city-can-save-fire-damaged-garrison-building https://www.ctvnews.ca/atlantic/article/it-could-be-saved-historic-fredericton-building-significantly-damaged-after-suspicious-fire/ https://www.country94.ca/2024/03/13/extensive-damage-after-fire-in-180-year-old-building-in-fredericton/ https://www.country94.ca/2024/03/28/charges-laid-after-fire-at-historic-fredericton-building/ https://tj.news/fredericton-west/garrison-building-makes-national-list-of-heritage-sites-at-risk https://nationaltrustcanada.ca/nt-endangered-places/militia-arms-store

Opportunities New Brunswick

Type	Crown corporation
Industry	Economic development
Founded	April 1, 2015 (2015-04-01)
Headquarters	Fredericton, New Brunswick , Canada
Area served	New Brunswick
Key people	Luke Randall (minister)
Products	Business development services, investment attraction, funding programs
Owner	Government of New Brunswick
Website	onbcanada.ca

Opportunities New Brunswick (Opportunities NB or ONB; (French: Opportunités Nouveau-Brunswick) is a provincial Crown corporation in New Brunswick, Canada, responsible for attracting global investment, supporting local business growth, and promoting economic development across the province.^[1]

Opportunities NB was created on April 1, 2015, with the merging of Invest NB and the Department of Economic Development.^[2][3] It was created under the government led by then-Premier Brian Gallant.^[4]

Official website

Pollett River
Location within New Brunswick
Native name	Manoosaak (Mi'kmaq)
Location
Country	Canada
Province	New Brunswick
Counties	Albert, Westmorland
Physical characteristics
Source	Mechanic Lake
• location	Near Fundy National Park
• elevation	335 m (1,099 ft) (drop to mouth)
Mouth	Petitcodiac River
• location	Between River Glade and Salisbury
• coordinates	46°00′09″N 65°04′59″W / 46.002428°N 65.083008°W / 46.002428; -65.083008
Length	57 km (35 mi)
Basin size	314 km2 (121 sq mi)
Basin features
Progression	Petitcodiac River → Shepody Bay → Bay of Fundy

The Pollett River is a river in southeastern New Brunswick, Canada. It is the largest tributary of the Petitcodiac River, with a watershed of 314 km² (121 sq mi) and a length of approximately 57 km (35 mi).

Hoyt shooting
Location	near Hoyt, New Brunswick, Canada
Date	January 6, 1978 (1978-01-06) c. 10:45 p.m. – midnight (AST)
Target	Family members and responding police officers
Attack type	Murder–suicide, shooting, domestic violence
Weapons	.30-30 Winchester lever-action rifle
Deaths	4 (including the perpetrator)
Injured	1
Perpetrators	Leslie Crombie
Motive	Domestic dispute and jealousy
Inquiry	Coroner's inquest

The Hoyt shooting was a murder–suicide that occurred on January 6, 1978, in a rural area near Hoyt, New Brunswick, Canada. During a domestic custody dispute, 36-year-old Leslie Crombie shot and killed two Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officers, Corporal Barry Warren Lidstone and Constable Perry Joseph Brophy, as well as his estranged wife, Bonita Crombie. Crombie then fatally shot himself. Their nine-year-old daughter, Wanda Crombie, was wounded in the incident but survived.

Category:1978 in New Brunswick Category:1978 crimes in Canada Category:January 1978 in Canada Category:Familicides in Canada Category:Incidents of violence against women Category:Murder in New Brunswick

GURU Organic Energy

Type	Public
Traded as	TSX: GURU
Industry	Beverage
Founded	1999; 27 years ago (1999)
Headquarters	Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Key people	Joseph Zakher (President & CEO)
Website	guruenergy.com

GURU Organic Energy is a Canadian company that manufactures organic energy drinks under the brand name GURU. Founded in 1999, their products are marketed as the world's first natural and plant-based energy drinks, using natural caffeine and no artificial sweeteners and sucralose. The company is headquartered in Montreal, Quebec.^[1]

GURU Organic Energy was founded in 1999. It began selling in Montreal in 2000, and by the end of the year it had sold almost one million cans.^[2]

Category:Energy drinks Category:Drink companies Category:Drink companies of Canada Category:Food and drink companies established in 1999 Category:Companies based in Montreal Category:Companies listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange

The Great Race of 1871 was an international rowing match held on August 23, 1871, on the Kennebecasis River in New Brunswick, Canada. The race served as a rematch between the Canadian Paris Crew from Saint John and the English Tyne Crew from Newcastle upon Tyne, following the English team's victory in 1870.

The race is primarily remembered for the death of James Renforth, a popular English oarsman who collapsed from heart failure during the race.

On September 15, 1870, the Paris Crew faced their first major defeat when they competed against the Tyne Crew from Newcastle upon Tyne in Lachine, Quebec. The English team, led by James Renforth (stroke),^[1][2] won over the six-mile course on the St. Lawrence River.^[3] During the race, a heavy rain squall created rough water that swamped the Paris Crew's boat, rendering it water-logged and unmanageable. (rewrite)^[4][5] The Tyne crew, whose boat was better suited for the conditions, won the event.^[5]

Having been defeated, the Paris Crew challenged Renforth to a rematch,^[6] resulting in formal articles of agreement being drafted in February 1871.^[3][6] The rematch was scheduled for August 23, 1871, on the Kennebecasis River, along with stakes being set at £500 a side. Renforth, having split from his former crewmates following a dispute, recruited Harry Kelley, Robert Chambers, and John Bright for the match.^[3]

English crew left on July 14, 1867 (friday), "taking with them a new boat 41 feet long and 18 3/4 inches broad, constructed expressly for the race by Robert Jewett of Dunstan, and named the England."[7]

"A great deal of interest is being taken in the great rowing race between the Tyne and the St. John crews" ... race held August 23. Straight, three-mile stretch of Kennebecasis River, between Tonyburn Cove and Salmon Creek. Course was measured in the winter. Paris Crew "training hard on the Kennebecasis River ... feeling confident that they can beat the English crew and win the world championship title."[8]

During the race Renforth began to sway and lost control of his oar. "Having breakfasted every with the same care which they had all along exercised, and from which prudence forbade all relaxation, they proceeded to their beautiful craft.' The start was made, the lead was gained. But suddenly RENFORTH was observed to sway from side to side, and was evidently losing his mastery of his oar. Then the St. John men forged ahead and KELLEY eagerly called to his mate for a spurt. But he who of old could put on enough to lift his boat out of the water, could spurt not respond to the cheery call, and with teeble utterhe exclaimed, "It's not a fit, HARRY. I've ance, had something." The oar dropped from his stricken hand, his brawny arm fell like a withered branch in a storm."[9] (next page) https://www.newspapers.com/article/north-mail-newcastle-daily-chronicle/171382945/

The village where the race occurred named Renforth in honor of James Renforth[5]

Kennebecasis Rowing Sculpture^[10]

1 4 5 6 10 11 12 15 16 18 20

1 2 3 4

Category:1871 in rowing Category:1871 in English sport Category:1871 in North American sport Category:1871 in New Brunswick

Capital Winter Club
Location	232 Rockwood Ave. Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
Information
Established	November 25, 1961; 64 years ago (1961-11-25)
Curling Canada region	NBCA
Website	capitalwinterclub.ca

Capital Winter Club is a curling club in Fredericton, New Brunswick.^[1]

Capital Winter Club was officially established on November 25, 1961.

https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-gleaner/164364955/

Category:Curling clubs in New Brunswick

Since 2005, the National Trust for Canada has released an annual list of historic places throughout Canada considered to be endangered.

• Église Sainte-Marie, Church Point, Nova Scotia (Immediate threat)
• Militia Arms Store, Fredericton, New Brunswick (Immediate threat)
• Canada's Chinatowns
• Boyd Building, Winnipeg, Manitoba
• Gravelbourg Convent, Gravelbourg, Saskatchewan
• Canada Malting Silos, Montreal, Montreal, Quebec
• Building 200, Whitehorse, Yukon

• Ontario Science Centre, Toronto, Ontario
• The Chelsea Hotel, Toronto, Ontario
• Avon Crest Centre for Health and Wellness, Stratford, Ontario (Lost)
• Humanities Centre (University of Alberta), Edmonton, Alberta
• St. Charles Hotel, Winnipeg, Manitoba

• The Ontario Heritage Act, Future Designations, and Over 31,500 “Listed” Heritage Properties in Ontario
• Stephen Avenue, Calgary, Alberta
• Edelweiss Village, Golden, British Columbia

• Alexandra Bridge, Ottawa, Ontario and Gatineau, Quebec
• NORAD Complex, North Bay, Ontario
• Ring Houses (University of Alberta), Edmonton, Alberta (Lost)
• St. Thomas’ Anglican Church, Moose Factory, Ontario
• Hudson’s Bay Company Building, Winnipeg, Manitoba

• Former St. Paul’s Anglican Rectory, Southampton, Ontario
• Île d'Orléans, Quebec
• Rubin Block, Winnipeg, Manitoba
• Future Heritage Designations in Ontario
• Cyclorama of Jerusalem, Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré, Quebec
• Birtle Indian Residential School, Birtle, Manitoba
• Glenora Neighbourhood, Edmonton, Alberta
• Grand Bank Downtown and Waterfront, Grand Bank, Newfoundland and Labrador
• United Memorial Church, Halifax, Nova Scotia
• St. Vital Roman Catholic Church, Battleford, Saskatchewan

• Covered Bridges of New Brunswick, New Brunswick
• 1029 Tower Road, Halifax, Nova Scotia
• Moose Jaw Natatorium, Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan
• White House, Stratford, Ontario
• Victoria High School, Victoria, British Columbia
• Muscowequan Indian Residential School, Lestock, Saskatchewan
• St. Mary’s Pulp and Paper Mill, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario
• Former Carnegie Library and City of Winnipeg Archives, Winnipeg, Manitoba
• Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Quebec
• A. Minchau Blacksmith Shop, Edmonton, Alberta (Lost)

• The Black Horse Pub and Pig’s Ear Tavern, Peterborough, Ontario
• Cathédrale Saint-Germain, Rimouski, Quebec
• Young Avenue, Halifax, Nova Scotia
• Davisville Junior Public School/ Spectrum Alternative Senior School, Toronto, Ontario (Lost)
• Wallingford-Back Mine, Mulgrave-et-Derry, Quebec
• Manie Opera Society, Lethbridge, Alberta (Lost)
• Somerset House, Ottawa, Ontario
• Hangar 11, Edmonton, Alberta (Lost)
• Sinclair Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia
• Bryn Mawr, St. John's, Newfoundland (Lost)

• National Trust Endangered Places List

Category:Historic preservation in Canada Category:Lists of buildings and structures in Canada

• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/nb-homeless-count-sharp-increase-1.7074494
• https://globalnews.ca/news/10204652/saint-john-homelessness-doubled/
• https://www.since1872.ca/news/the-growing-unhoused-population-in-nb/

• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/pei-john-howard-society-inmates-homelessness-1.7252195
• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/pei-homelessness-count-john-howard-society-1.7346463
• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/pei-hunger-homelessness-upei-nov-2024-1.7378719
• https://www.saltwire.com/atlantic-canada/tents-will-become-encampments-without-enforcement-provincial-accountability-says-charlottetown-parks-committee-100989502

• https://www.yukon-news.com/news/alberta-town-takes-action-fighting-crime-addressing-homelessness-addictions-7450409

• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/homeless-up-says-prof-doubled-construction-end-to-protest-1.6994224
• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/homelessness-nl-tracking-underreported-1.6908730
• https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/number-of-inmates-released-into-homelessness-is-climbing-in-newfoundland-and-labrador-1.6990437
• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/budget-housing-pawson-1.7152007
• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/tent-city-april-2024-1.7181664

• https://www.aptnnews.ca/national-news/its-an-emergency-here-yellowknife-and-the-people-who-have-no-place-safe-to-live/
• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/temporary-healing-camp-yellowknife-1.7353727
• https://www.aptnnews.ca/national-news/northern-youth-find-hope-for-housing-with-home-base-in-n-w-t/
• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/new-report-slams-rcmp-treatment-homeless-indigenous-women-northwest-territories-1.7170396

• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/survey-highlights-hidden-homelessness-nunavut-1.5779306
• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/neevee-laisa-sleeping-outside-in-iqaluit-1.6554899
• https://nunatsiaq.com/stories/article/survey-reveals-just-how-hidden-homelessness-can-be-in-nunavut/
• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36803095/
• https://nunatsiaq.com/stories/article/nunavut_youth_have_no_future_without_housing/
• https://www.nunavutnews.com/home/nunavut-fails-poverty-report-card-7360327
• https://www.nnsl.com/nunavut-news/gn-tries-to-calculate-extent-of-homelessness-in-select-communities-outreach-workers-being-hired-7266523

• https://www.yukon-news.com/news/yukon-anti-poverty-coalition-calls-for-accountability-to-tackle-poverty-and-homelessness-7604764
• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/yukon-homelessness-poverty-action-group-share-their-stories-on-paper-1.7163869
• https://vancouver.citynews.ca/2024/11/13/canada-funding-unhoused-veterans-bc-yukon/
• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/safe-at-home-whitehorse-camping-downtown-housing-crisis-1.7197285
• https://www.yukon-news.com/news/yukoner-camps-out-outside-legislature-to-highlight-homelessness-7615181

The Canadian province of New Brunswick ...

As of 2023, New Brunswick had a gross domestic product of $34.8 billion.^[1] In 2021, the province's average income was $47,400. 1

• The Observatory of Economic Complexity estimates that in 2023, New Brunswick was the 7th largest exporter in Canada (C$18.7B) and the 6th largest importer in Canada (C$18.2B).^[2]
  • Largest exporter: Petroleum spirit for motor vehicles (C$5.1B) followed by Light petroleum distillates nes (C$ 4.33B), Petroleum bitumen (C$ 683M), S-P-F Coniferous Wood, Sawn or Chipped (C$ 492M), and Frozen Homarus Lobsters (C$ 482M).
  • Largest importer: Crude Petroleum Oils (C$10.7B)

• Government of New Brunswick
• Horizon Health Network
• Vitalité Health Network
• Irving Oil
• J.D. Irving
• University of New Brunswick
• McCain Foods
• Cooke Aquaculture
• Major Drilling Group International

• "In 2021, New Brunswick exported $11.4 billion worth of energy and natural resources products to 95 countries, accounting for 78 per cent of the province’s total exports."^[3]
  • 94% export share: United States. Other markets include India, China, Thailand, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, the Bahamas, United Kingdom.^[3]

• petroleum, natural gases. info included here:^[3]

• Forest export highlights included on page 5^[3]

• According to Tourism New Brunswick, tourism in the province annually employs between 30,000 to 40,000 New Brunswickers and contributes over $520 million to the provincial GDP. src.
• In a 2023 report prepared by Qatalyst Research Group for Tourism HR Canada, tourism accounted for about 8% of total employment in New Brunswick in 2022, with 29,528 employees. src.
• The New Brunswick Tourism, Heritage and Culture Tourism Growth Strategy for 2018-2025 reported that tourism was the third-largest export service sector in the province, with tourism visitor spending being at an estimated $1.3 billion. src.
• Tourist destinations include Hopewell Rocks, Fundy National Park, Kouchibougac National Park, Roosevelt Campobello International Park. Saint John is additionally a cruise ship destination.

• Mineral exports covered on page 10^[3]

During the mid-1970s, New Brunswick was briefly in the automobile manufacturing industry with the production of the Bricklin SV-1, a two-seat sports car. Produced by American businessman Malcolm Bricklin, the vehicle was manufactured in Saint John and bodywork was done in Minto.

The project was supported by then-premier Richard Hatfield, and the government initially invested $4.5 million. Issues accumulated during production led to this investment growing to $23 million along with only 2,854 units being produced before the company declared bankruptcy.^[4]

The climate of New Brunswick

• mostly Dfb ("Most of the Province included in the Dfb Köppen's climate type, means temperate with cold winters and cool summers")^[5] with some northern parts of the province being Dfc^[6]

Murder of Harry Uzoka
Location	Shepherd's Bush, London, England
Date	January 11, 2018 (2018-01-11) c. 17:00 (GMT)
Attack type	Stabbing
Weapon	Knife
Victim	Harry Uzoka
Perpetrators	George Koh Merse Dikanda Jonathan Okigbo
Convictions	Murder (Koh, Dikanda) Manslaughter (Okigbo)

On 11 January 2018, Harry Uzoka, a 25-year-old British male model, was murdered outside his home in Shepherd's Bush, London, by fellow model George Koh. Uzoka was fatally stabbed in the heart during a confrontation with Koh, who was assisted by two friends. Koh and Merse Dikanda were subsequently convicted of murder, while Jonathan Okigbo was convicted of manslaughter.^[7][8]

Harry Uzoka was a 25-year-old male model, born to a Nigerian family in London.^[7] He was raised in Dagenham,^[9] where he attended the All Saints Catholic School. During his teenage years, Uzoka rose to prominence in his early modelling career, being posthumously described by Linda Adey of the BBC as "one of the country's most promising young black male models".^[7] In 2008, Uzoka was sent to a youth detention center for his involvement in robbing a cash transport vehicle;^[7][9] he served two years out of a four year sentence. After his release, Uzoka enrolled in college and was subsequently signed to West London-based modelling agency AMCK, after his brother, an AMCK-signed model named Edmond, brought him to a meeting. After being signed, Uzoka walked for London Fashion Week and modelled for various brands including Nike, Zara, and ASOS. He later signed to Premier Model Management.^[7]

Uzoka met fellow model George Koh during a photoshoot in 2015. At the time, as stated by model Chuck Achike, "Harry had been helping a designer teach some models how to walk the runway," including Koh. It was later speculated by some of Uzoka's friends that Koh would copy his modelling style in photoshoots.^[7] Until March 2017, Koh was signed to IMG Models and had worked with Paul Smith and Hero.^[10] Koh was described as having been "obsessed" with Uzoka.^[11]

On 11 January 2018, Koh sent Uzoka a message reading, "Where you I'll come there n we can fight bring ur friends with u." Uzoka replied, "Come Shepherd's Bush."^[12]

Murders Of Tyler And Charlee Worley
Location	Darlington, Indiana, U.S.
Date	November 17, 2016; 9 years ago (2016-11-17)
Attack type	Child homicide by stabbing, filicide
Victims	Tyler and Charlee Worley
Perpetrator	Brandi Worley
Motive	To prevent her husband from gaining custody of the children amid divorce proceedings
Charges
Sentence	120 years' imprisonment
Verdict	Guilty plea
Convictions	Two counts of murder

Tyler Worley (September 17, 2009 – November 17, 2016) and Charlee Worley (September 26, 2013 – November 17, 2016) were two American children who were murdered by their mother, Brandi Worley, after her husband, Jason Worley, filed for divorce. Prior to the murders, a Reddit account which was supposed to be owned by Jason asked for advice surrounding his marriage, detailing about his wife having cheated on him.

Jason and Brandi Worley, a married couple living in Darlington, Indiana,^[1] had two children together: Tyler, born in Indianapolis on September 17, 2009, and Charlee, born in Lafayette on September 26, 2013.^[2] Over time, Jason suspected Brandi of infidelity with their 51-year-old neighbor.^[3]

Shortly before the murders, a Reddit account allegedly owned by Jason under the username "JasonInHell" made a post asking for relationship advice, titled "I'm [30/m] having a hard time coping with my wife [29/f] having cheated on me with our neighbor [51/m]".^[4][5] The author of the post detailed about him having only remained married "for the sake of [their] children" and being threatened to no longer see their children upon confronting his wife.^[6] On November 15, 2016, Jason told his wife that he wanted to divorce;^[7] he filed for divorce the following day.^[8]

1971 New Brunswick Liberal Association leadership election

Date	1971
Won by	Robert J. Higgins
Ballots	2
Candidates	5
New Brunswick Liberal Association leadership conventions 1930 · 1932 · 1954 · 1958 · 1971 · 1978 · 1982 · 1985 · 1998 · 2002 · 2012 · 2019 · 2022

Rankin Wheary
Born	(1895-12-10)December 10, 1895 Woodstock, New Brunswick
Died	October 7, 1918(1918-10-07) (aged 22) near Cambrai, France

Rankin Wheary (December 10, 1895 – October 7, 1918) was a Black Canadian man who served in World War I under the Canadian infantry.

Rankin Wheary was born in Woodstock, New Brunswick on December 10, 1895, to parents Wellington Wheary and Jessie McLaren. Wheary initially attended Woodstock's College School before leaving in 1912 following the death of his father a year prior.^[1] On January 12, 1916, Wheary was enlisted at the Sussex Military Camp.^[1][2]

/ 1

Michelle Wedge
Born	Michelle Lise Wedge (1967-12-01)December 1, 1967
Disappeared	July 2, 1975(1975-07-02) (aged 7) Moncton, New Brunswick
Status	Missing for 51 years, 1 month and 6 days

Michelle Lise Wedge (born December 1, 1967) is a Canadian missing person who disappeared at the age of seven in Moncton, New Brunswick, on July 2, 1975.

Michelle Lise Wedge was born on December 1, 1967.^[1] She had five siblings, and the family lived on Dominion Street in Moncton, New Brunswick.^[2]

On July 2, 1975, Wedge was riding her bicycle on Dominion Street, near her house in Moncton.^[3] Her parents were away for the evening, and, having been supervised by her older siblings, she had been "enjoying the fact that she was up so late".^[2] She returned home around 8:30 p.m., but left again shortly afterwards. Eyewitnesses last saw Wedge riding her "mustang-style bicycle" around that time.^[4] Her bike was later found abandoned on the corner intersecting the Dominion and John streets.^[3] She was described as having disappeared "sometime between dusk [9:13 p.m.] and dark [9:43 p.m.]". Wedge's siblings tried looking for her around the neighbourhood upon realization that she was missing, but to no avail. Wedge's parents were called at 11:30 p.m., and a missing person's report was made to police at 11:59 p.m.; Wedge was wearing navy shorts, stockings, and sandals, along with a red-and-white t-shirt at the time of her disappearance.^[2]

source dump: 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 

Authorities in Moncton conducted a large investigation into Wedge's disappearance in July 1975.^[5]

Wedge's disappearance is considered "one of the city's greatest unsolved mysteries".^[5] Her disappearance, among other unsolved cases in the province, were highlighted in a series of Times & Transcript articles in 2000.^[6] In May 2003, her disappearance was featured on Canada AM, in which Wedge's family members were guests. The feature resulted in various calls being made to the RCMP.^[7] Wedge's sister described their mother as having "wished for her return" and had "kept a picture of Michelle on her bedside table until her death" in 2014.^[4]

• List of people who disappeared

• Michelle Wedge on The Doe Network
• Michelle Wedge on Canada Unsolved

Category:Missing Canadian children

• 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

• 1 2 3 4

• 1 2

• 1 2

• 1 2 3

• 1 2 3

• 1

• 1

• 1

Internment Camp B70 was a Canadian internment camp located along Route 10 in Ripples, New Brunswick. It was first known as POW Camp B.

• https://backyardhistory.ca/f/the-cat-who-stopped-a-nazi-prison-break
• https://www.veterans.gc.ca/en/remembrance/memorials/national-inventory-canadian-memorials/details/4755/1000
• https://www.unb.ca/nbmhp-database/sunbury-county/points-of-interest/nb-internment-camp-b70-museum.php
• https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/internment-camp-for-jews-in-second-world-war-a-little-known-piece-of-new-brunswick/article_48544ca3-480b-5c2a-9f1c-fb5eae9fd6ae.html
• https://backyardhistory.ca/f/the-second-world-war-internment-camp

The site was first developed as an unemployment relief camp during the Great Depression.^[1]

The camp's first phase began in August 1940 when it received 711 German and Austrian Jewish refugees, mostly young men aged 16–20, who had fled Nazi persecution to the United Kingdom.^[2] Classified as enemy aliens by British authorities due to suspicions of potential spies among refugees, they were shipped to Canada at the request of Prime Minister Winston Churchill.^[3][4] Many of these refugees had previously endured Nazi concentration camps or lost family members to the Holocaust. By June 1941, refugees were released or transferred to other camps.^[2] Some were released to join the British military, find sponsors in Canada or the United States, or pursue education and careers. The camp closed briefly for three weeks to renovate for new arrivals.^[5]

The camp closed by the end of August 1945 following the end of the war in Europe. Remaining internees were transferred to Camp 23 in Monteith, Ontario.^[2] The 52 buildings were sold as surplus and relocated for use as homes, summer cottages, Legion halls, a post office, and a dance hall in surrounding areas like Minto and Grand Lake.^[2][5] Three internees died of natural causes during operation and were initially buried in Fredericton; two German remains were later relocated to the Kitchener German war cemetery in 1971.^[6]

Category:World War II internment camps in Canada

"Operation Overstep"^[1] was the codename given to a sting operation conducted by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) in 1989 to intercept members of the Medellín Cartel smuggling cocaine into the Canadian province of New Brunswick to distribute throughout Canada and the United States. The operation resulted in the seizure of 500 kilograms (1,100 lb) of cocaine, worth an estimated CA$250 million. At the time, it was considered to be the largest cocaine seizure in Canadian history.

The operation relied on Douglas Jaworski, a Canadian pilot who had worked for the cartel, acting as a double agent to infiltrate the smuggling network. On April 3, 1989, a twin-engine Aero Commander aircraft crash-landed at the Weyman Airpark between Burtts Corner and Keswick, New Brunswick, while carrying the cocaine from Colombia.

During the 1980s, increased surveillance by United States authorities in the Caribbean and American Southeast forced South American drug smugglers to seek alternative routes into the United States, including flights into Canada. At the time, Canada lacked the detection and intervention capabilities that the United States had, and New Brunswick in particular became of interest to drug traffickers due to being largely rural with several airstrips that were rarely used or abandoned.^[2]

In the late 1980s, the Medellín Cartel, led by Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar, took interest in New Brunswick as a North American smuggling route.^[3] According to informant Douglas Jaworski^[4][5] and corroborated by the RCMP during later court proceedings, Escobar put into motion plans to establish a cocaine "distribution base" for North America in the province.^[4][6] The strategy involved flying cocaine directly from Colombia to New Brunswick, then using land transport to move it to the United States.^[2]

Douglas Jaworski, a young Canadian pilot^[7] with no criminal record,^[8] worked for the Medellín Cartel in early 1988^[9] by supplying airplanes, performing money laundering,^[7] and smuggling cocaine through flights.^[9] He was assigned in Medellín by Alejandro Diego Vasquez Caycedo,^[10] one of the cartel's senior managers, to broker the purchase of an Aero Commander 695 and later to locate a suitable airstrip in Eastern Canada for cartel operations.^[9]

Instead of completing Caycedo's assignment,^[9] Jaworski approached Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) constable Bert Gillies on December 16, 1988, at Toronto Pearson International Airport, explaining that he could help arrest key members of the cartel.^[11] The RCMP established contact with Jaworski afterwards.^[12][13][8] Jaworski received CA$200,000 from the RCMP to act as an informant, along with guarantees of exemption from U.S. charges for tax evasion and money laundering by the Internal Revenue Service.^[14][15][16]

On January 19, 1989, Jaworski spoke with Caycedo on the phone to discuss Caycedo's "Jumping Jack Project".^[17] Their conversation was wiretapped, with Jaworski giving Caycedo the impression "that he was trying to buy property, set up a hangar, pay necessary taxes, and get his phone set up."^[18] Because the RCMP had not yet fully trusted Jaworski, he employed excuses to stall Caycedo.^[19] In February 1989, Jaworski, under Caycedo's instruction "to find an airstrip east of Montreal", used a helicopter to survey nine airstrips with the RCMP. These were then narrowed down to the two best options for Caycedo, the second of which was the Weyman Airpark; the RCMP preferred it due to being in closer proximity to their operations in Fredericton.^[20]

To convince Caycedo, Jaworski promoted New Brunswick, claiming its airports were "closer to Colombia than anywhere else in Canada," and provided a false advertisement indicating the land was for sale.^[21] The Weyman field was eventually surveyed by Jaworski and a cartel worker,^[22] and an initial flight scheduled for March 13, 1989 was cancelled after affiliated drug smugglers were arrested in Sorel, Quebec.^[23]

Jaworski began his non-stop flight from Medellín to New Brunswick,^[24][25] flying an Aero Commander 1000 equipped with a twin engine.^[25]

As the plane approached Weyman Airpark, one of its wings struck a tree, causing the aircraft to crash-land.^[25]

The plane crash-landed at its intended destination on April 3, 1989.^[26][27][28] "the pilots panicked and ran off into the nearby woods" but were found by undercover RCMP officers posing as drug dealers "who calmed them" and transported them to Fredericton.^[25] The pilots were placed on an Air Canada flight to Toronto under the pretense that arrangements were being made for their return to Colombia.^[25]

U.S. authorities had also made a tip of the flight (likely redundant info, already an RCMP plan).^[29]

(expand on this later)

• RCMP authorities waited for the plane to land, posing as drug dealers.^[25] "a wing hit a tree as it was approaching the runway. The plane was severely damaged but no one was injured".^[25] "the pilots panicked and ran off into the nearby woods. They were found moments later by undercover police who calmed them, whisked them off to Fredericton, and placed them on an Air Canada flight to Toronto. There, the pilots were led to believe that arrangements were being made to put them on a flight back to Colombia".^[25]"Meanwhile, the drug packets were removed from the aircraft, placed on a truck, and "delivered to Montreal under our control," Supt. Pouliot said."^[25] "Sources said the truck was driven by RCMP undercover agents posing as middlemen in a drug operation code-named Operation Overstep, which involved Canadian and U.S. customs officers and police in Fredericton, Montreal and Toronto."^[25] "According to police, most of the cocaine was destined for the U.S. market, but at least 25 kilograms had been earmarked for Toronto and another 25 kilograms was slated for distribution in Montreal."^[25] "Two Colombians, Jose Ali Galindo-Escobar, 27, and Fernando Augusto Mendoza-Jaramillo, 37, were arrested in Toronto on Wednesday evening, returned to Fredericton on Thursday and charged yesterday with importation of cocaine."^[25]

• ^[1]

In Montreal, three Colombians were arrested on April 6, 1989: Richard Delgrado-Marquez, 23 (a New York City resident), Carlos Mario Ortega-Gonzalez, 25, and Flora Emilse Currea-Miry, 30.^[25]

• "The RCMP made what it says is the largest drug seizure in Canadian history early Thursday when officers discovered 500 kilograms of cocaine with an estimated street value of up to $300 million." "The cocaine in 500 single-kilogram bags cocaine arrived in Canada from Colombia last week on board a small two-engined aircraft which flew north along the US coast before crash-landing at a makeshift airport in New Brunswick RCMP in Fredericton said today." "There it was loaded on a truck and shipped to Montreal where it was found in a downtown apartment A Colombia-born man was arrested in the apartment." "Police said the pilot and two truckers who were also arrested came from Colombia as well."^[30]

• ^[31]

• "What's the newest destination for the international drug-smuggling set? How about Mouth of Keswick, in rural New Brunswick, where abandoned cars share grassy knolls with grazing horses, cows and deer? And now those cars are being joined by abandoned a airplanes." ... "RCMP were waiting for the twin-engined plane, which they say flew to Canada non-stop 1 from Colombia. Five people were arrested after the seizure, which police are calling the largest in Canadian history."^[32]

"People might have the attitude 'my gosh, can you imagine in a small, quiet place like New Brunswick," says RCMP Cpl. Phil Campbell. "But it's a fact of life." Since American authorities stepped up enforcement of the U.S. coastline and the southern border with Mexico, Campbell says smugglers have been looking to the East Coast of Canada. "If you look up from Florida, we stick out like a sore thumb. Worries that the quiet Maritimes could become host to scenes previously seen on U.S. television news or Miami Vice came to the surface recently in the New Brunswick legislature.[32]

"I fear New Brunswick is becoming a tourist destination for international drugs dealers," fretted Jane Barry, a Liberal backbencher from Saint John. More than a year ago, a plane carrying 200 kilograms of marijuana from Jamaica landed in Brockway, west of Fredericton near the New Brunswick-Maine border. In September 1987, police seized 200 kilograms of hashish oil at McAdam, near the Maine border in southern New Brunswick. In October 1986, almost 16 tonnes of hashish was seized from trucks in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick after being brought to a remote Cape Breton Island port from the Middle East. RCMP suspect another seven tonnes got through their net.[32]

So where do the drugs go after leaving places like Mouth of Keswick or Brockway? Mainly to drug wholesalers in Montreal or Toronto, police say. Some of the drugs stay in Canada but most find their way into the voracious American market. There is also the of New Brunswick's 500-kilometrelong border with Maine, with hundreds of unmanned crossings and roads that lead to Interstate 95 - a four-lane pipeline down the U. S. eastern seaboard.[32]

Just ask Terry Poiriers of Ft. Fairfield, Me., whose orchard is right on the border about a two hour drive northwest of Fredericton. She recalls a car that illegally crossed the border, dropped a bag near her house and returned to make an official crossing a few kilometres down the road. "My kids picked up that shopping bag," she says. "They thought the white powder was just flour in plastic bags and threw it in the river." The driver and a friend later returned looking for the bag. "My oldest boy was smart, he gave him a story about another car picking it up."[32]

Atlantic Provinces becoming popular gateway for drug-runners^[33]

Even as the twin-engine plane carrying 500 kilograms of cocaine was crash-landing, RCMP officers lying in wait at the rural New Brunswick air strip realized they were witnessing a significant event.  It wasn't so much that international drug smugglers had chosen the unlikely farming community of Keswick near Fredericton to penetrate the North American market. Nor that the seizure of $250 million worth of cocaine was one of the biggest in Canadian history. More notable was that the April 3 non-stop Colombia-to-Keswick flight of the modified Aero Commander 980, equipped with extra fuel tanks, signaled a new chapter in Canadian drug enforcement. "This is definitely a new development . . . one we can expect to see in the future," says Supt. Neil Pouliot, the Ottawa-based head of national and international drug operations for the RCMP. "As far as we know, there has never been an attempt to fly in a large quantity of cocaine directly from Colombia. So what the South Americans are trying to do is open up a new corridor to the U.S. market." There is nothing novel about the traffic of large quantities of contraband on the East Coast. As far back as the 1920s, rum runners discovered a natural affinity between their secret activities and the East Coast's thousands of hidden, unpopulated inlets and harbors. In the past decade, following the so-called war on drugs south of the border, smugglers rediscovered the relatively unpoliced northern gateway to the continent. Beginning with seizure of 18.5 tonnes of marijuana off Shelburne, N.S., the Atlantic provinces have netted Canadian authorities some of the biggest drug busts in history. Since police believe they only catch 10 per cent of the trade, it can be assumed Atlantic Canada has also helped international drug traffickers to some of their biggest scores. A list of 13 major offloads of grass and hashish compiled by the RCMP shows just how routine ship-to-shore operations have become. 

Among the busts: 
- In 1985, 13.2 tonnes of hashish was seized in Lockport, N.S. Estimated value, $230 million.
- In 1986, about 25 tonnes of hashish was landed in Cheticamp, N.S. Police seized 17.4 tonnes when • one of three vans carrying the stash to Montreal overturned on a Nova Scotia road and a second was apprehended in New Brunswick. The third van was never caught.
- In November 1987, 15 tonnes of hash was seized in Clarenville, Nfld.
"And we know of about 20 others that have either succeeded or were suspended for a variety of reasons... we're talking offloads in tonnages," says Cpl. Bill Parker of the Halifax RCMP detachment. Parker adds that these and other busts all involved cannabis from Colombia or the Middle East transported by ship. They were organized by well-funded professionals based in the U.S. or Toronto and Montreal. The Lockeport offload typifies the ship-to-shore operation. Using local businessman Leonard Mitchell as their inside man, RCMP officers monitored the operation for 19 months before the seizure in May 1985. By then, the Miami-based smugglers had invested about $200,000 on a ship, two refits, equipment, a fishing licence and a stash house on shore. "Lockeport was essentially a trial run," explains Parker. "They didn't set that up for one venture, this was going to be the very procedure for boatload after boatload of drugs." Parker says the drugs are almost aways destined for the northeastern U.S. Once in Canada, they are trucked across the border along one of the many unguarded country roads in New Brunswick and Quebec, or moved by boat. "The U.S. Coast Guard might be suspicious if they seen a Lebanese boat off Boston, but a Canadian fishing vessel? There's nothing unusual about that," Parker says. Despite the impressive number of seizures, police believe the fact that busts are continuing shows smugglers still look at Atlantic Canada as the hole in North American drug enforcement net. John Fernandes, a special agent with the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) in Miami, notes the increased drug landings on Canada's East Coast coincide with tighter drug enforcement in the U.S. "We have DEA, the FBI, the U.S. Coast Guard and Customs on drug enforcement, so I'd like to think we're making it difficult for them and chasing them north," Fernandes said in a telephone interview. By contrast, Parker says the Nova Scotia RCMP drug squad totals 42 officers and there is no routine coast guard patrol. Instead, Canadian authorities have tried to enlist local fishermen and other residents to report suspicious incidents. Nova Scotia RCMP have signed up 1,200 residents in the Coast Watch program. But with the flight of Aero Commander, authorities have something new to concern them. Pouliot believes the Maritimes, with its many unmanned air strips and sparse radar coverage, may prove as vulnerable to penetration for drug smugglers from the air as from the sea. Police are now in the midst of preparing strategies to combat the newest threat, Pouliot says. But with manpower unlikely to be beefed up, police may have to resort to an old tactic - a civilian air watch program - to fight a new war.

Cocaine seizure sets new record^[34]

Maritimes favored route because of long shoreline^[35]

• https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun/147167018/

• https://www.proquest.com/docview/436031646/2DCFA3F774BA4443PQ/1
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/239322616/F66C4B7FE05D4C76PQ/5
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/253790613/F66C4B7FE05D4C76PQ/7
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/398118932/F66C4B7FE05D4C76PQ/8
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/239411302/F66C4B7FE05D4C76PQ/13
• https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-gazette/147166579/
• https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sault-star/147166457/
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/262701756/2DCFA3F774BA4443PQ/6
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/436142987/E6339FD7BAEF41DCPQ/33
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/239343818/E6339FD7BAEF41DCPQ/60
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/243521105/E6339FD7BAEF41DCPQ/37
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/427362302/F66C4B7FE05D4C76PQ/4
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/253854161/E6339FD7BAEF41DCPQ/48
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/253829014/F66C4B7FE05D4C76PQ/20

• "Douglas Jaworski, 29, the star witness in a Montreal trial involving the largest cocaine seizure in Canadian history." "Jaworski has testified at the drug trial that in return for money, protection and immunity from prosecution, he agreed to become an informer for the RCMP about a major drug ring that was smuggling cocaine into Canada from Colombia." "He testified in Montreal that the RCMP had paid him $385,000 for his services. He said he wasn't broke when he went to the Mounties because he already had $435,000 in the bank." "But before he testified at the Montreal trial, he asked the Quebec courts to quash a subpoena requiring him to give evidence, saying the RCMP had failed to honor a commitment to provide security and financial compensation for his parents, even though there was "a real and substantial risk of physical harm to them or death."" "Jaworski argued that forcing him to testify would expose his parents "to the risk of being taken hostage, tortured and killed by members of the Colombian Medellin drug cartel," thereby breaching his parents' right to life, liberty and security of the person as guaranteed by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms."^[36]

The trial of the arrested Colombians took place in Montreal, with Jaworski serving as the principal Crown witness.^[37]

Cocky pilot always flew in the fast lane https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-hamilton-spectator/147164121/

By STEPHEN BINDMAN Southam News and CATHERINE BUCKIE Montreal Gazette OTTAWA - To a Montreal defence lawyer, Douglas Jaworski is nothing but a common criminal and a liar. But to the RCMP, he's a wellpaid informant who led them to the biggest cocaine seizure in Canadian history. And now he's also the worried son whose application to the Supreme Court of Canada sparked an unprecedented secret hearing this winter. The cocky, 28-year-old commercial pilot was the principal Crown witness in the Quebec superior court trial of three suspected members of the notorious Colombian Medellin cartel. The three were charged with conspiracy to import, export and traffic in cocaine in connection with the seizure of 500 kilograms (1,100 pounds) of cocaine, worth $250 million, in New Brunswick in April 1989.

Four months earlier, Jaworski had gone to the RCMP with a story about an imminent cocaine shipment to Canada in exchange for immunity from money-laundering and tax-evasion charges in the United States. Jaworski told the Montreal jury that incredulous RCMP officers first thought he was crazy. "I sat with (RCMP Corporal Keith Milner) for a half-hour and outlined what I knew. I think he thought I was nuts." Fast lane For most of his adult life, Jaworski has lived in the fast lane. By the time he was 20, he had helped a Bolivian smuggle three 80-kilogram No (175-pound) Miami.

Four years earned enough part of Fort Lauderdale. It was through met Diego Caceydo, a man described by a Crown prosecutor as "the Donald Trump" of the cocaine trade, the man the RCMP believe headed the organization that smuggled the 500 kilograms of cocaine into Canada. always flew stranger to the drug shipments of cocaine into criminal earnings and $400,000. later, in 1986, he had But as the money to become ing to a close, Banyon Air Service in have second thoughts. Realizing he Banyon that he fy in court, he "The Colombian drug cartel is known for its ruthless tactics of vengeance and reprisals against informers." Douglas Jaworski From January 1989, until the three on trial were arrested in Montreal during a police raid on their townhouse, Jaworski worked as a double agent.

Pretending to work for the cartel, he was also keeping the Mounties informed of his every move. Jaworski picked the isolated New Brunswick airstrip, planned the flight path from Colombia and convinced Caceydo there was no way his plane would be detected. But on April 3, when a plane loaded with cocaine crash-landed at Weyman Air Park in New Brunswick, the RCMP were waiting. All thanks to Jaworski. Although he was paid handsomely for his undercover services - $380,000, plus police protection Jaworski was already a rich man.

The nattily -dressed, ever-smiling pilot-turned-snitch testified he had so much money, he couldn't remember where it all was or how he had obtained it. He estimated his total in the trade between $300,000 operation was drawJaworski began to would have to testibegan to fear for his parents, who owned a 18- metre sailboat to take hotel guests on cruises. Caceydo knew where his parents lived - the Colombian had even left a message for him there as recently as February 1989. And Jaworski knew the drug lords didn't take kindly to informers. "The Colombian drug cartel is known for its ruthless tactics of vengeance and reprisals against informers," he said in an affidavit "Since the •Colombians are unable to locate me, I believe they will turn their attention to my parents, to torture and kill them as the only means available of making a reprisal against me." He says he was assured by the Mounties his parents would be protected and compensated for any loss they would suffer if they were forced to go into hiding and give up their business.

After the sting ended in April, he and two Mounties visited the Virgin Islands to tell his parents about his double life and to explain the risks. The Jaworskis led an apparently quiet life until September, when a heavily-armed hit team of South Americans was arrested in fast lane Edmunston, N.B., in a foiled plot to break the two pilots out of jail. One of the Colombians told the Mounties that Mr. Caceydo knew the identity of the informer and planned to kill "the informer, his wife and cat and dog." The RCMP immediately ordered the parents to come to Canada where the police could guard them closely. They left so quickly they forgot to take warm clothes.

It was then that the legal squabbling between the Jaworskis and the Mounties began in earnest. Virgin Islands At first, the RCMP even refused to compensate the couple for leaving their business. After a flurry of lawyers' letters, the RCMP agreed to some out-of-pocket expenses. After extensive interviews and consultations with American drug authorities, the RCMP concluded the risk to the Jaworskis in the Virgin Islands was minimal "and no greater than it in early April 1989" at the end of the drug operation. They were free to go home, the RCMP said.

With no sign of settlement in sight and their business in danger of collapsing, the Jaworskis returned to the Virgin Islands in late October. Douglas Jaworski threatened he wouldn't testify in court unless his parents were properly protected and compensated. The case made it all the way - in secret - to the Supreme Court of Canada. Yesterday, the top court revealed for the first time Douglas Jaworski's fight to protect his parents. A Quebec court finally ordered police protection for the elder Jaworskis.

"They're safe and sound," their relieved lawyer said yesterday..

In November 1989, Galindo-Escobar and Mendoza-Jaramillo were convicted and sentenced to 22 years in prison for their roles in the smuggling operation.^[6]

• "Canadian police Thursday disclosed the arrest of four South Americans near the U.S. border carrying automatic weapons and 9-millimeter pistols amid growing fears that the Medellin cocaine cartel will attempt to retaliate against a U.S.-backed crackdown on Colombian drug kingpins." "Their arsenal included an Uzi submachine gun, Soviet and Israeli assault rifles and a Japanese grenade that was deactivated. Maps of several Canadian locations and an unmarked map of Maine were found in the cars, [Delbert Pelletier] said in an interview." "A defector from a Colombian paramilitary unit working for the Medellin cartel testified before the subcommittee Wednesday, saying among other things that [Bush] and subcommittee members could be targeted by the Colombian drug outlaws." "The four, traveling in three cars, were arrested Wednesday by police from Edmundston, New Brunswick, and were found to be carrying Venezuelan passports, two of which were determined to be fake, according to Edmundston's deputy police chief, Delbert Pelletier." "Although a grenade, tear gas, zap guns and a machete were found in the vehicles along with more than 2,000 rounds of ammunition for the weapons, a highly placed U.S. law enforcement source said: "It's not our belief that this is any kind of hit squad.""^[38]

https://maritimeedit.com/blogs/edit-features/narcos-fredericton-feature-for-edit-magazine-volume-5

Operation Overstep was part of "Project Amigo", a task force established by police in Ontario.^[39]

• https://www.proquest.com/docview/239413594/E6339FD7BAEF41DCPQ/49
• https://www.upi.com/Archives/1992/11/20/Heavy-security-follows-1-billion-Canadian-drug-bust/2628722235600/

In June 2010, Fernando Augusto Mendoza Jaramillo, one of the Colombian pilots involved in the smuggling bust, was murdered when a group of armed men waited for him to arrive at his farm in Cumaral, a municipality located in Colombia's Meta Department.^[40]

The operation was later adapted into a theatrical play Cocaine Plane!, which was presented in early March 2015.^[41]

Canada, too, wants a drug suspect extradited https://www.newspapers.com/article/tampa-bay-times/147166489/

 Associated Press FREDERICTON, New Brunswick - The Royal Canadian Mounted Police have asked Colombia to extradite a man they believe is the Medellin drug cartel's chief organizer of cocaine exports to Canada. Diego Caycedo of Medellin, Colombia, was charged in absentia in a Fredericton court with conspiracy to import cocaine between June 1988 and April 1989. Canada doesn't have an extradition treaty with Colombia. "However, recent tragic events in Colombia may alter this situation," the Mounties said in a news release Tuesday. Colombia began cracking down on the drug cartel last Friday after the assassinations of a leading presidential candidate, a police colonel and a magistrate..

RCMP hoping to extradite Canada's connection https://www.newspapers.com/article/alberni-valley-times/147166549/

FREDERICTON (CP) - RCMP have asked Colombia to extradite a man alleged to be the Medellin drug cartel's chief organizer of cocaine exports to Canada. Diego Caycedo of Medellin, Colombia, was charged in absentia Tuesday with conspiracy to import cocaine between June 1988 and April 1989. Canada doesn't have an extradition treaty with the South American country. "However, recent tragic events in Colombia may alter this situation," the RCMP said in a news release. The Colombian government began cracking down on the drug cartel last week following the assassinations of a leading presidential candidate, a police colonel and a magistrate.

About 11,000 people have been arrested and large amounts of cocaine have been seized. As part of the crackdown, Colombian President Virgilio Barco signed a decree empowering the government to summarily extradite suspected traffickers without approval by Colombia's judges, many of whom have been threatened or killed by hitmen. The Mounties hope the decree will bring Caycedo to Canada. TRAFFIC CONTROL Caycedo, about 37, is not believed to have come to Canada personally, police said. Rather, he allegedly administered the traffic from Colombia.

The charge against Caycedo is based partly on the the seizure last April of 500 kilograms of cocaine from an airplane that flew directly from Colombia to a makeshift airstrip at Mouth of Keswick, about 40 kilometres from the New Brunswick capital. The twin-engine Aero Commander clipped a tree and crashRCMP, who had infiltrated the drug ring, tracked the plane up the East Coast and were waiting. They arrested the two Colombian men on board and seized the cocaine. Substituting icing sugar for the drug, they feigned a delivery to three Colombians in a Montreal townhouse. Police had hoped to follow the chain of delivery all the way to New York, but had to scrap that plan when one of the three Montreal connections insisted on sniffing the goods.

Eleven people in Toronto were also arrested as a result of the investigation, but all but one were released without being charged..

• https://www.proquest.com/docview/431933904/E6339FD7BAEF41DCPQ/51
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/431958235/E6339FD7BAEF41DCPQ/35
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/431937970/F66C4B7FE05D4C76PQ/24
• https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2011/dn-nd/D4-7-2-2011-eng.pdf
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/251744472/E6339FD7BAEF41DCPQ/45
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/436190890/E6339FD7BAEF41DCPQ/8
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/239482023/E6339FD7BAEF41DCPQ/47
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/239627085/E6339FD7BAEF41DCPQ/41
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/253838453/2DCFA3F774BA4443PQ/7
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/431982872/E6339FD7BAEF41DCPQ/54
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/431928239/E6339FD7BAEF41DCPQ/55
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/2204480811/A5343073B98F4AC9PQ/2
• https://www.proquest.com/docview/385431157/E6339FD7BAEF41DCPQ/5
• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/carol-taylor-court-sketches-book-1.5382817
• https://insightcrime.org/news/new-brunswick-new-gateway-cocaine-routes-into-canada/
• https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-gazette/147109630/
• https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-expositor/147109692/
• https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star/147110725/
• https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-gazette/147110817/
• https://www.cfc.forces.gc.ca/259/290/248/snedden.pdf
• https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-bangor-daily-news/147111039/
• https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star/147111155/
• https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star/147111234/
• https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-leader-post/147111403/
• https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-expositor/147111498/
• https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-expositor/147111565/
• https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-citizen/147111984/

• Edwards, Peter (1991). The Big Sting: The True Story of the Canadian who Betrayed Colombia's Drug Barons. Toronto: Key Porter Books. ISBN 978-1-55013-360-8. Retrieved May 12, 2024.
• Schneider, Stephen (2009). Iced: The Story of Organized Crime in Canada. Mississauga, Ontario: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 507–512. ISBN 978-0-470-83500-5. Retrieved May 12, 2024.

Category:Law enforcement operations in Canada Category:Drug raids Category:Medellín Cartel Category:1989 in New Brunswick Category:Crime in New Brunswick Category:1989 crimes

University of New Brunswick Saint John

Type	Satellite campus
Established	1964; 62 years ago (1964)
Parent institution	University of New Brunswick
Location	100 Tucker Park Road , Saint John , New Brunswick , Canada
Website	unb.ca

University of New Brunswick Saint John (UNBSJ or UNB Saint John) is a satellite campus of the University of New Brunswick (UNB) in Saint John, New Brunswick. One of the two campuses of UNB, UNBSJ is the smaller campus and opened in 1964.

The campus is located east of Millidgeville, next to the Saint John Regional Hospital. It has 55 undergraduate programs.^[1]

UNB's presence in Saint John dates back to 1923 when the Saint John Law School, established in 1892, became part of UNB. In 1953, the law school moved to the Starr Residence, known today as Beaverbrook House, which is still operated by UNBSJ. Eventually, after nearly forty years of remaining in Saint John, it relocated to the main campus in Fredericton.

Starting in 1951, UNB offered summer extension courses in Saint John High School and St. Vincent's Convent, which proved to be successful. This highlighted the existing demand for higher education in Saint John, which had been recognized by the city's Board of Trade as early as 1947. In 1959, there was a growing interest in establishing a college in Saint John, and a group called "Saint John College Development Incorporated" began advocating for a postsecondary institution in the city. However, the proposal faced skepticism due to UNB's financial challenges and the perceived surplus of degree-granting institutions in New Brunswick.

During this discussion, the City of Saint John provided the site of a former 229-acre farm on Sandy Point Road. The location was deemed advantageous due to its views, services, and its position in a rapidly developing area of the city. In September 1964, Beaverbrook House reopened as a satellite campus of UNB, enrolling 100 students. Over time, UNB Saint John expanded its operations to various locations, including the Old Provincial Building, the New Brunswick Technology Institute, the Presbyterian Church Hall, the YMCA building, as well as various high schools. Faculty recruitment posed a challenge, with many commuting from Fredericton or hired from high schools.

Simultaneously, plans for a new campus on the Tucker Park site progressed, with UNB's consulting architects, Larson and Larson, tasked with preparing a concept plan. The initial construction cost was $1,350,000,^[2] which was part of a $10 million fundraising campaign led by UNB. In the same year, G. Forbes Elliot took the role as UNB Saint John's first principal. In 1965, the City of Saint John transferred ownership of 87 acres of land for the new campus.^[3] Construction on the Tucker Park campus began in 1966, and the site officially opened in 1969, featuring Hazen Hall, Ganong Hall, and the Ward Chipman Library.

The campus expanded over the next two decades, constructing the G. Forbes Elliot Athletics Centre in 1975, the Canada Games Stadium in 1985, and the Thomas J. Condon Student Centre in 1986. Despite these developments, UNBSJ was considered a commuter campus until 1993, following the construction of the Sir James Dunn Residence. Additional buildings were constructed over subsequent years, such as the K.C. Irving Hall,^[2] the Modern Languages Centre (now home to Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick),^[4] the Dr. Colin B. Mackay Residence,^[5] and the Hans W. Klohn Commons.^[6]

Category:Education in Saint John, New Brunswick Category:1964 establishments in New Brunswick Category:Educational institutions established in 1964

Isaac Erb
Born	(1846-05-30)May 30, 1846 Kars, New Brunswick, Canada
Died	May 13, 1924(1924-05-13) (aged 77) Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
Occupation	Photographer

Isaac Erb (May 30, 1846 – May 13, 1924) was a Canadian photographer based in Saint John, New Brunswick.

Isaac Erb was born on May 30, 1846 in Kars, New Brunswick.^[1][2]

^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]}

St. Luke's Anglican Church
St. Luke's Anglican Church National Historic Site of Canada
Location	Quispamsis, New Brunswick, Canada
History
Built	1833
Site notes
Architectural style	Federal Architecture
Current use	Active church
Website	stlukesgp.ca
National Historic Site of Canada
Designated	2009

St. Luke's Anglican Church is a historic Canadian Anglican church in Quispamsis, New Brunswick.^[17]

French article

On June 12, 2020, Rodney Levi, a 48-year-old Indigenous Canadian man of the Metepenagiag Miꞌkmaq Nation, was shot and killed by an RCMP officer. In 2021, his death was ruled a homicide by the jury.^[1]

Canadian Syrup Inc.

Industry	Maple syrup
Founded	1869; 157 years ago (1869)
Headquarters	Elgin, New Brunswick , Canada
Area served	Globally
Products	Maple syrup
Website	canadianmaplesyrup.com

Canadian Syrup Inc., otherwise known as Steeves Maples, is a Canadian maple syrup company based in Elgin, a small village located in Albert County, New Brunswick. The company was established in 1869 and has worldwide distribution.

Steeves Maples began doing business in 1869 in Elgin, New Brunswick,^[2] though members of the family have been in the industry there as early as 1825,^[3] with festivals being held there annually.^[4] John Steeves, the founder, used iron pots he received in exchange for lumber to create maple sugar by boiling the sap from sugar maple trees. Steeves followed business practices once done by the Mi'kmaq, beginning to trade his produce around the area and in nearby Moncton. As his business would be passed down generations, more trees in Elgin would start being tapped. Steeves Maples became the largest maple production company in New Brunswick within its third generation of ownership,^[2] continuing to produce maple syrup in their Elgin plant.^[5] Their products are commonly sold in Maritime grocery stores,^[6] while also becoming distributed worldwide by the 21st century.^[2]

In early 2001, maple syrup produced in Quebec was at risk of being boycotted in Vermont due to utilizing banned pesticide products. The alternative producers were those based in New Brunswick, including Steeves Maples, who refrained from using them.^[7] In the 2000's, the company participated in a provincial business agreement that saw their trade be expanded into China.^[8] In November 2008, the company also participated in an Atlantic Canadian trade mission in Chicago.^[9] In 2009, their processing plant, located inside of a barn, was destroyed by fire.^[5] At the time, the company employed 15 people at its rural plant,^[10] with the fire having to be extinguished by six different firefighting departments.^[11]

• Official website

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Hunting is a popular activity in Canada, often out of subsistence or recreation.^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]}

Each province and territory in Canada has their own hunting laws, such as the requirement of a provincial hunting license depending on where you are, protected areas, and the minimum age requirement for hunting.

Hunting is restricted in protected areas of Canada, including national parks of Canada. Migrating birds are also nationally protected in Canada.^[8]

In most provinces and territories, the minimum age required for hunting is 12 years old, but in some provinces the age requirement is 16.^[8]

• British Columbia: Hunting is illegal for individuals under ten years of age.^[9]
• Alberta: Individuals must be 12 years or older to be eligible for a hunting license, with parental consent required until 16 years of age. Hunters under 18 years of age must be accompanied with a parent or legal guardian while using a firearm.^[10]
• Saskatchewan: Individuals must be 12 years or older to be eligible to hunt, and require adult supervision until the age of 16.^[11]
• Manitoba: Individuals must be 12 years or older to be eligible for a hunting license. A valid Manitoba Hunter Education Certificate is also required.^[12]
• Ontario: Residents must be either 15 years with parental consent, or 16 years or older to be eligible to hunt.^[13]
• Quebec: Individuals must be 12 years or older to hunt with a firearm, with adult supervision until 18 years of age. For bows and crossbows, adult supervision is required until 16 years of age.^[14]
• New Brunswick: Individuals must be 12 years or older to be eligible for fur hunting.^[15]
• Prince Edward Island: Individuals must be 12-17 years of age to acquire a free hunting license.^[16]
• Nova Scotia: Individuals must be 12 years or older to take a Hunter Education course.n^[17]
• Newfoundland and Labrador: Individuals must be 12 years or older to hunt small game, and 16 years or older to hunt big game.^[18]
• Yukon: Individuals must be 12 years or older to hunt big game. Adult supervision is required for individuals under the age of 16.^[19]
• Northwest Territories: Individuals must be 12 years or older to be eligible for a hunting license, with parental consent required until 18 years of age.^[20]
• Nunavut: Individuals must be 12 years or older to hunt small game, and 16 years or older to hunt big game. However, big game licenses can be issued to 12-16 year olds if endorsed by a parent or guardian.^[21]

this is useful : https://nble.lib.unb.ca/new-brunswick-literary-encyclopedia

and this for History of Saint John, New Brunswick: https://web.archive.org/web/20011226043838/http://www.city.saint-john.nb.ca/2.cfm?PageID=3-4-40

https://web.archive.org/web/20031106073920/http://www.city.saint-john.nb.ca/2.cfm?PageID=3-4-3

List of universities and colleges in New Brunswick

Institution	Location(s)	Control[note 1]	Type[note 2]	Enrollment	Founded
Crandall University	Moncton	Private	Private Chartered	1,104 (winter 2022)[1]	1949[2]

http://www.mphec.ca/media/215535/Table1_Enrolment_2021-2022.pdf

• Archives: https://www.canadiana.ca/

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_that_are_excessively_detailed_from_May_2023
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_requested_photographs_in_New_Brunswick

• Stub-Class New Brunswick articles

• Start-Class New Brunswick articles

• C-Class New Brunswick articles

• https://torontosun.com/news/national/sentenced-to-hang-in-75-cop-killer-looking-for-love
• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/richard-bergeron-unescorted-absences-denied-1.5770970

• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=The_Moncton_Daily_Times&date=19480108&page=1&filename=0826_MDT_A8249
• https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/2734631

• https://mynewbrunswick.ca/theodore-harding-estabrooks/

• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=Telegraph_Journal&date=20050913&page=9&search=22admiral%20beatty%20hotel22&filename=2325_2005-2006_B

• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=Evening_Times_Globe&date=19961204&page=34&search=22admiral%20beatty%20hotel22&filename=EveningTimesGlobe_19961204_SJTG_19961204_C0012
• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=Telegraph_Journal&date=19250622&page=24&search=22admiral%20beatty%20hotel22&filename=0793_TJ_A9454
• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=Evening_Times_Globe&date=19951127&page=15&search=22admiral%20beatty%20hotel22&filename=EveningTimesGlobe_19951127_ETG_19951127_A0015
• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=Telegraph_Journal&date=19940815&page=3&search=22admiral%20beatty%20hotel22&filename=6879_TJ_1994-1995
• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=Evening_Times_Globe&date=19940524&page=9&search=22admiral%20beatty%20hotel22&filename=EveningTimesGlobe_19940524_ETG_19940524_A0009

• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=Telegraph_Journal&date=19890301&page=1&search=22admiral%20beatty%20hotel22&filename=1794_TJ_1989_A
• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=Daily_Gleaner&date=19890301&page=3&search=22admiral%20beatty%20hotel22&filename=0004_DG_A7702
• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=Telegraph_Journal&date=19890302&page=24&search=22admiral%20beatty%20hotel22&filename=1847_TJ_1989_A
• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=Times_Transcript&date=19870115&page=22&search=22admiral%20beatty%20hotel22&filename=0655_TT_A8475
• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=Daily_Gleaner&date=19870115&page=5&search=22admiral%20beatty%20hotel22&filename=0570_DG_A7650
• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=Evening_Times_Globe&date=19870115&page=45&search=22admiral%20beatty%20hotel22&filename=EveningTimesGlobe_19870115_ETG_19870115_0036
• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=Telegraph_Journal&date=19870114&page=40&search=22admiral%20beatty%20hotel22&filename=0390_TJ_1987
• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=Telegraph_Journal&date=19861104&page=9&search=22admiral%20beatty%20hotel22&filename=13583_TJ_1985-1986
• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=Evening_Times_Globe&date=19860807&page=27&search=22admiral%20beatty%20hotel22&filename=EveningTimesGlobe_19860807_ETG_19860807_0027

• https://da.tj.news/viewer?opub=Evening_Times_Globe&date=19850903&page=19&search=22admiral%20beatty%20hotel22&filename=EveningTimesGlobe_19850903_ETG_19850903_0019

• https://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/dfhd/page_nhs_eng.aspx?id=203
• https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=137519
• https://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=7674&pid=0
• https://www.fodors.com/world/north-america/canada/new-brunswick/saint-john/things-to-do/sights/reviews/prince-william-streetscape-national-historic-site-of-canada-482221
• http://parkscanadahistory.com/park_summaries/nb-e.htm
• https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=77480

• https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_de_Caraquet
• https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pokemouche - Pokemouche, New Brunswick
• https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre-Amand_Landry - Pierre-Amand Landry
• https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affaire_Louis_Mailloux

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