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Timeline of the Royal Air Force
1900–1918: The origins of the Royal Air Force
1918–1939: The inter-war years and policing the Empire
1939–1945: World War II
1945–1990: The Cold War years
1990–present: Expeditionary operations
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Timeline of the Royal Air Force
British history timeline
1900–1918: The origins of the Royal Air Force
1901
29 October – The
Aero Club
of Great Britain is established. In the following years many early military pilots were trained by members of the Club.
1905
27 April –
Sapper Moreton
of the
British Army
's
Balloon Section
is lifted 2,600 ft (792 m) by a kite at
Aldershot
under the supervision of the kite's designer,
Samuel Cody
.
1908
Samuel Cody
completes the first powered flight in the
UK
at
Farnborough
.
1909
The Aero Club establishes the first British flying ground near
Leysdown
in Kent.
2 May –
John Moore-Brabazon
becomes the first Englishman to make an officially recognized aeroplane flight in England.
1910
The Aero Club moves its flying from Leysdown to the nearby
Eastchurch
.
June –
Charles Rolls
becomes the first Englishman to fly across the Channel.
1911
1 April –
Air Battalion
,
Royal Engineers
formed at
Larkhill
.
December – The
Royal Naval Flying School
formed at
Eastchurch
, Kent.
1912
13 April – The
Royal Flying Corps
(RFC) is established by Royal Warrant. An Air Committee to liaise between the Admiralty and the War Office is also created.
13 May – RFC assume control of Air Battalion of the Royal Engineers and the Naval Air Service.
19 June-
Central Flying School
(CFS) is formed at
Upavon
.
1914
1 July –
Royal Naval Air Service
(RNAS) formed by splitting airship squadrons away from the RFC
September – The first RNAS aircraft squadrons formed.
1 Squadron RNAS
at
Antwerp
,
2 Squadron RNAS
at
Eastchurch
,
3 Squadron RNAS
at
St. Pol
, France.
1916
15 February – The Joint War Air Committee is established to co-ordinate the activities of the RFC and RNAS.
15 May – The Air Board replaces the ineffective Joint War Air Committee.
12 December – RFC expands to 106 front-line squadrons and 95 reserve and training squadrons.
1917
29 November – The
Air Force (Constitution) Act
passed, providing for creation of an Air Force and an
Air Ministry
.
1918–1939: The inter-war years and policing the Empire
1918
2 January – The
Air Ministry
comes into being with
Lord Rothermere
as
Secretary of State for Air
. Major-General Sir
Hugh Trenchard
becomes the first
Chief of the Air Staff
(CAS).
1 April
The Royal Air Force is formed by amalgamating the RFC and RNAS.
First operational mission by the RAF carried out by
22 Squadron
Women's Royal Air Force
(WRAF) formed.
3 June – The
Distinguished Flying Cross
(DFC),
Air Force Cross
(AFC),
Distinguished Flying Medal
(DFM),
Air Force Medal
(AFM) are constituted.
6 June – The
Independent Air Force
, the RAF's strategic bombing force, is formed.
June –
Royal Air Force Temporary Nursing Service
formed.
19 July – The Imperial German Navy's airship base at Tønder is bombed in the
Tondern raid
19 September to 1 October –
Battle of Megiddo
. The RAF's
Palestine Brigade
plays a key role in the British victory over the Ottoman Empire, including the destruction of the Ottoman
Seventh Army
.
11 November – At the end of the
First World War
, the RAF was the largest air force in the world with 27,333 officers, 263,837 other ranks, 22,647 aircraft, 103 airships, 133 front-line squadrons, 15 flights and 270 aerodromes overseas, 55 front-line squadrons, 75 training squadrons/depots, 401 aerodromes at home and 25,000 WRAF members.
1919
July – the
R34 airship
becomes the first aircraft to make an east to west transatlantic flight
August –
RAF officer ranks
are introduced.
1920
January to February – The defeat of
Diiriye Guure
and the "
Mad Mullah
". The beginnings of colonial air control as RAF aircraft acting with the
Somaliland Camel Corps
in British Somaliland
overthrow
the Dervish leaders.
5 February – The
RAF College Cranwell
is established.
WRAF disbanded.
1921
1 October – RAF military control of
Mesopotamia
begins.
1922
17 February -
RAF Ireland
is formed by raising No. 11 (Irish) Wing to command status.
1 October –
RAF Iraq Command
is formed.
1923
February -
RAF Ireland
is disbanded.
April - The RAF's first air trooping operation is conducted during the
Kurdish uprising
.
1924
1 April - The
Fleet Air Arm
of the RAF is formed.
9 October - The
Auxiliary Air Force
is instituted.
1925
1 January - The
Air Defence of Great Britain
command is formed.
March to May –
Pink's War
. The RAF carries out its first independent air action, bombing and strafing the mountain strongholds of Mahsud tribesmen in
Waziristan
.
1 and 11 October - The first
University Air Squadrons
were formed at Cambridge and Oxford universities respectively.
29 October - The
Observer Corps
is formed.
1926
1 March to 12 April - Wing Commander
Conway Pulford
carries out the first
Cairo
to
Cape
flight.
1927
27 March - The RAF introduces its first all-metal fighter, the
Armstrong Whitworth Siskin IIIA
1928
23 December – The
Kabul Airlift
. The world's first air evacuation is carried out by the RAF when the British Legation in
Kabul
is flown to safety.
1929
1 March - The
Observer Corps
is transferred to Air Ministry control.
1930
1 January -
RAF Far East Command
is established.
1931
29 September - Flight Lieutenant
George Stainforth
sets a new world
air speed record
of 407.5 mph and becomes the first man to exceed 400 mph.
1932
April to June – Following
Sheikh
Ahmad Barzani
's small-scale revolt in north-east
Iraq
, the RAF conducts psychological and conventional air operations which result in Sheikh Ahmad's surrender.-
1933
8 February - Squadron Leader
Oswald Gayford
and Flight Lieutenant
Gilbert Nicholetts
flying from
RAF Cranwell
to
Walvis Bay
in South Africa cover 5,309 miles, establishing a new
world long distance record for nonstop flying
.
1934
August - The RAF's first rotating-wing aircraft, the
Avro Rota
autogiro, enters service.
1935
20 August - As part of the
Mohmand campaign
, No. 27 and No. 60 squadrons provide air support to British ground forces attempting to regain control of the area around the Gandab military road in the North-West Frontier.
1936
14 July – The UK's air defences are reorganised into four commands:
Bomber Command
,
Fighter Command
,
Coastal Command
and
Training Command
.
1937 - The RAF conducts air attacks against the
Fakir of Ipi
and his followers during the
Waziristan campaign
1938
1 April –
Maintenance Command
is formed.
1 November –
Balloon Command
is formed.
1939–1945: World War II
For RAF WWII air operations, see
List of air operations during the Battle of Europe
.
1939
24 August – The
Advanced Air Striking Force
is formed in preparation for operations on the Continent
3 September – Following the UK's declaration of war on
Germany
, the RAF conducts photographic reconnaissance of the German naval base at
Wilhelmshaven
.
29 November – RAuxAF
spitfires
shoot down an
He 111
bomber over
Lothian
, the first German aircraft to be shot down over the UK in World War II.
Women's Auxiliary Air Force
(WAAF) instituted.
1940
16 May –
Air Chief Marshal
Sir
Hugh Dowding
writes his letter to the
Air Ministry
which results in no further aircraft squadrons, earmarked for home defence, being sent to
France
.
10 July – The
Battle of Britain
begins.
13 August –
Adlertag
(Eagle Day). The
Luftwaffe
's
attempts to gain
air superiority
over Britain fail, with the balance of aircraft losses being strongly in the RAF's favour.
1941
15 May – The maiden flight of first British
jet
aircraft, the
Gloster E.28/39
.
20 July –
Ferry Command
is formed.
24 December – The
Avro Lancaster
enters service with the RAF.
1942
30 May – Over 1,000 bombers set out to raid
Cologne
, severely damaging the city.
1 June – Around 1,000 bombers set out to raid
Essen
, however many crews mistakenly bomb other cities.
25 June – Around 1,000 bombers set out to raid
Bremen
, severely damaging the city and successfully bombing the
Focke-Wulf
aircraft factory.
1943
5 March – In an effort to decimate the German industrial base,
Bomber Command
begins bombing the
Ruhr
region.
25 March –
Transport Command
is formed by redesignating Ferry Command.
16 May – Aircraft of
617 Squadron
set out on
Operation Chastise
, commonly known as the Dambusters Raid. The Mohne and Eder dams are breached.
18 November – This is the first night of a four-month bombing campaign against
Berlin
.
1944
24 March – RAF and Dominion Air Force personnel are murdered by the
Gestapo
after the "great escape" from
Stalag Luft III
Prisoner of War Camp.
6 June – D-Day commences. Diversions supplied by
Avro Lancasters
of
101 Squadron
operating the
ABC
radio jamming equipment. Reconnaissance photographs were supplied by
Spitfires
of
16 Squadron
.
1945
22 February – Allied Air Forces launch
Operation Clarion
, a concerted effort to destroy German transportation within 24 hours.
1945–1990: The Cold War years
1948
28 June 1948 to 30 September 1949 – The RAF conducts Operation Plainfare, the British contribution to the
Berlin Airlift
.
June – The RAF conducts Operation Firedog against Malayan terrorists during the
Malayan Emergency
. Two Spitfires of
No. 60 Squadron
fly the first offensive mission on 6 July, destroying an enemy base at
Perak
. Involvement continues until 1960.
1949
Women's Auxiliary Air Force
becomes
Women's Royal Air Force
1952
December - Flight Lieutenant
John Nicholls
shoots down a MiG 15 during the
Korean War
.
1953
Avro Lincoln squadrons flying out of
RAF Eastleigh
conduct anti-
Mau Mau
operations in
Kenya
. Operations continue until 1955.
1956
31 October –
Canberras
fly reconnaissance sorties and bomb
Egyptian
airfields on the opening night of
Suez War's
air campaign.
1958
3 November –
Signals Command
is formed.
1967
1 August –
Air Support Command
is formed by redesignating Transport Command
1968
30 April –
Strike Command
is formed from Fighter Command and Bomber Command.
28 November – Coastal Command is absorbed into the newly created Strike Command.
1969
1 January – Signals Command is absorbed into Strike Command.
1972
1 September – Air Support Command is absorbed into Strike Command.
1982
30 April –
Operation Black Buck
.
Vulcan
bombers set out from
RAF Ascension Island
on the first of six raids against Argentine positions in the
Falkland Islands
.
1985
11 February 1985, the
Langenbruck bus crash
, in which 20 members of the RAF died
1986
8 January –
RAF Marine Branch
disbanded.
1990–present: Expeditionary operations
Tail of Tornado GR4 ZG750, marking 25 years of Tornado GR operations, at the 2016
Farnborough Airshow
.
1990
RAF fighters based in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait prior to the Gulf War
1991
16 January to 11 April – During the
Gulf War
, RAF aircraft fight in the
air battle
over
Kuwait
and Iraq.
The RAF begins Operations Resonate North and Resonate South, the British contribution to the Allied efforts to enforce the
Iraqi no-fly zones
. These operations continue for over a decade.
1993
RAF Tornado F3s and AWACS aircraft contribute to NATO's operation to restrict airspace movements over
Bosnia and Herzegovina
,
Operation Deny Flight
. The operation continues until late 1995.
1998
16 December –
Operation Desert Fox
. RAF
Tornados
and
USAF
F-117s
bomb military targets in
Iraq
.
2001
9 October – During the third day of
Operation Veritas
, RAF aircraft commenced the provision of air-to-air refuelling, reconnaissance and surveillance support to US aircraft operating over
Afghanistan
.
2004
September – A detachment of six RAF
Harriers
from
Joint Force Harrier
was based at
Kandahar Airfield
to support colilition ground forces.
[1]
30 October – 31 December – Four Tornado F3s deployed to
Lithuania
for the British rotation as part of NATO's
Baltic Air Policing
.
[2]
2005
RAF deployed to
Indonesia
following the
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
disaster to provide aid relief support and transport
2006
July – Three Chinook helicopters of
27 Squadron
deployed to
RAF Akrotiri
to evacuate British citizens from Lebanon.
2007
April –
Strike Command
and
Personnel and Training Command
merge to form
Air Command
.
2016
18 February - The
RAF Search and Rescue Force
is stood down.
See also
Timeline of aviation
Timeline of British military aviation
References
^
"Ministry of Defence | Fact Sheets | Operations Factsheets | Operations in Afghanistan: Background Briefing 1"
. 26 October 2009. Archived from the original on 26 October 2009
. Retrieved
25 May
2016
.
{{
cite web
}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
link
)
^
Hansard, 14/12/04
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