Tibor George Kalman[1] (Hebrew: טיבור קלמן; July 6, 1949 – May 2, 1999)[2] was an American graphic designer of Hungarian origin, well known for his work as founder of design studio M & Co. and editor-in-chief of Colors magazine.[3][4][5]
Early life
Kalman was born on July 6, 1949, in Budapest, to parents Marianne I. (née Deezsoffy or Dezsőffi) and George Tibor Kalman.[6][7][8] He became a United States resident in 1956, after he and his family fled Hungary to escape the Soviet invasion, settling in Poughkeepsie, New York.[9] Both of his parents had Jewish ethnic roots and converted to Catholicism to avoid persecution, so "Kalman only became aware that he was Jewish at the age of 18".[10]
In 1971, Kalman returned to New York City where he was hired by Leonard Riggio for a small bookstore that eventually became Barnes & Noble. He later became the creative director of their in-house design department, where he created advertisements, store signs, shopping bags, and the original B&N bookplate trademark.[16][2] In 1979, Kalman – along with his wife Maira Kalman,[17] Carol Bokuniewicz, and Liz Trovato – started the design firm M & Co., which did corporate work for such diverse clients as the Limited Corporation, the new wave rock group Talking Heads, and Restaurant Florent in New York City's Meatpacking District.[18] He sought to challenge mundane design thinking and aspired to create unpredictable work.[3] Kalman also worked as creative director of Interview magazine in the early 1990s.[9]
By the 1980s, Kalman was known for being "the 'bad boy' of graphic design" because of his antics and radical consciousness. He believed that award-winning design was only possible when the client was ethical, and frequently called other designers out when he did not agree with their actions. He defined good design as a benefit to everyday life and should be used to increase public awareness of social issues.[3][2] Kalman adopted a vernacular style as a way to protest corporate International Style which was the primary design style of the time.[2]
Kalman and Oliviero Toscani started the Benetton-sponsored magazine Colors in 1991.[19][20][21] Two years later, Kalman closed M & Co. and moved to Rome, to work exclusively on Colors.[4] Billed as "a magazine about the rest of the world", Colors focused on multiculturalism and global awareness. This perspective was communicated through bold graphic design, multilingualtypography with texts in seven languages,[15] and juxtaposition of photographs and doctored images, including a series in which highly recognizable figures such as the Pope and Queen Elizabeth were depicted as racial minorities.[9][3]
Personal life
From 1981 up until his death, Kalman was married to the illustrator and author Maira Kalman (née Berman).[22][23][24] They met while attending NYU.[24] Together they had two children, Lulu Bodoni and Alex Onomatopoeia.[23][25]
Tibor Kalman: Perverse Optimist, a book about Kalman's work and that with M&Co, was published by Princeton Architectural Press in 1999. Tibor Kalman (Designer); Peter Hall, Michael Bierut (Editors); Kurt Andersen, Steven Heller, Rick Poynor, Paola Antonelli, David Byrne, Jay Chiat, Jenny Holzer, Isaac Mizrahi, Florent Morellet, Leonard Riggio, Rebecca Robertson, Ingrid Sischy, Elizabeth Sussman, Olivero Toscani (Contributors) [9]ISBN1568982585
^ abMunro, Silas; Coles, Stephen; Gaiter, Colette (2022). Strikethrough ! typographic messages of protest the official catalogue for the 2022-2023 exhibition [Letterform Archive, San Francisco, 23.07.2022 - 14.01.2023]. Letterform Archive. San Francisco (Calif.): Letterform Archive. p. 215. ISBN978-1-7368633-0-5.
