National Ethnic Affairs Commission

National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China
中华人民共和国国家民族事务委员会
Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Guójiā Mínzú Shìwù Wěiyuánhuì
Agency overview
Formed1949; 75 years ago (1949)
JurisdictionGovernment of China
HeadquartersBeijing
Minister responsible
  • Pan Yue, Head of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission
Parent agencyUnited Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
Child agency
Websitewww.neac.gov.cn Edit this at Wikidata
National Ethnic Affairs Commission
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese中华人民共和国国家民族事务委员会
Traditional Chinese中華人民共和國國家民族事務委員會
Literal meaningNational Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Guójiā Mínzú Shìwù Wěiyuánhuì
Alternative Chinese name
Simplified Chinese国家民委
Traditional Chinese國家民委
Literal meaningNational Ethnic-Commission
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinGuójiā Mínwěi
Tibetan name
Tibetanཀྲུང་ཧྭ་མི་དམངས་སྤྱི་མཐུན་རྒྱལ་ཁབ་ཀྱི་རྒྱལ་ཁབ་མི་རིགས་དོན་གཅོད་ཨུ་ཡོན་ལྷན་ཁང་
Zhuang name
ZhuangCunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz Guekgya Minzcuz Swvu Veijyenzvei
Mongolian name
Mongolian scriptᠪᠥᠬᠥᠳᠡ
ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ
ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ
ᠠᠷᠠᠳ
ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ
ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ
ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ
ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ
ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ
Uyghur name
Uyghurجۇڭخۇا خەلق جۇمھۇرىيتى دۆلەت مىللەت ئىشلىرى كومىتېتى‎

The National Ethnic Affairs Commission (NEAC) is a body under the leadership of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party that is responsible for administering the Chinese ethnic policies, researching ethnological theories, carrying out ethnic work and education, supervising the implementation and improvement of the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and overseeing the protection of the rights and interests of ethnic minorities in China.[1][2]

History

In 1949, the Ethnic Affairs Commission of the Central People's Government (Chinese: 中央人民政府民族事务委员会) was established. In 1954, the Ethnic Affairs Commission of the Central People's Government was renamed the Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China (Chinese: 中华人民共和国民族事务委员会). The PRC Ethnic Affairs Commission was abolished in 1970.[3] The State Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China (Chinese: 中华人民共和国国家民族事务委员会) was established.[4] In 1978 and since then it has been acting as a Constituent departments of the State Council.[5][6]

According to the Program for Deepening the Reform of Party and State Institutions issued by the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party on March 21, 2018, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission is under the leadership of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.[7][8][9] The State Ethnic Affairs Commission remains as a constituent department of the State Council.[10]

On August 31, 2020, according to the National Development and Reform Commission's Implementation Opinions on Comprehensively Pushing Forward the Reform of Delinking Trade Associations and Administrative Organs, the China Association of Ethnic Folk Crafts and Arts Artists, the China Ethnic Economy Promotion Association for Foreign Cooperation, and the National Association of Ethnic Secondary Education, formerly under the supervision of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, have been separated from the State Ethnic Affairs Commission.[11][12]

Organizational framework

According to the Provisions on the Functional Configuration, Internal Organizations and Staffing of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission and the Approval of the Central Editorial Office on Adjusting the Organizational Establishment of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, the NEAC has set up the following organizations:[13]

Internal Organizations

  • General Office
  • Division of Coordination and Promotion
  • Division of Theory and Research
  • Division of Policies and Regulations
  • Division of Promotion of National Unity
  • Division of Joint Development
  • Division of Culture and Publicity
  • Division of Education
  • Division of International Exchange (Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan Office)
  • Division of Personnel
  • Division Party Committee of Organizations
  • Bureau of Retired Cadres

Directly Affiliated Organizations

  • Public Opinion Center (Chinese: 舆情中心)
  • Ancient Book Processing and Research Office (Chinese: 古籍整理研究室)
  • Organization Service Center (Organization Service Bureau)

Directly Affiliated Cultural institutions

Directly Affiliated Higher Education Institutions

Directly Affiliated Enterprise Units

List of Heads

Head of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission
No. Name Ethnicity Took office Left office
1 Li Weihan (李维汉) Han October 1949 September 1954[14]
2 Ulanhu (乌兰夫) Mongol September 1954 January 1975
3 Yang Jingren (杨静仁) Hui March 1978 January 1986
4 Ismail Amat (司马义·艾买提) Uyghur January 1986 March 1998
5 Li Dezhu (李德洙) Korean March 1998 March 2008
6 Yang Jing (杨晶) Mongol March 2008 16 March 2013
7 Wang Zhengwei (王正伟) Hui 16 March 2013 28 April 2016[15]
8 Bagatur (巴特尔) Mongol 28 April 2016 14 December 2020
9 Chen Xiaojiang (陈小江) Han 14 December 2020 24 June 2022[16][17]
10 Pan Yue (潘岳) Han 24 June 2022

See also

References

  1. ^ Saha, S.C. (2008). Ethnicity and Sociopolitical Change in Africa and Other Developing Countries: A Constructive Discourse in State Building. Lexington Books. p. 154. ISBN 978-1-4616-3340-2. Retrieved 2024-06-26.
  2. ^ Landis, D.; Albert, R.D. (2012). Handbook of Ethnic Conflict: International Perspectives. International and Cultural Psychology. Springer New York. p. 188. ISBN 978-1-4614-0447-7. Retrieved 2024-06-26.
  3. ^ 中华人民共和国中央政府机构, 1949-1990年 (in Chinese). 经济科学出版社. 1993. p. 56. ISBN 978-7-5058-0504-0. Retrieved 2024-06-26.
  4. ^ Zhou, M.; Sun, H. (2006). Language Policy in the People’s Republic of China: Theory and Practice Since 1949. Language Policy. Springer Netherlands. p. 104. ISBN 978-1-4020-8039-5. Retrieved 2024-06-26.
  5. ^ China. 国家机构编制委员会. 办公室 (1992). 中央国家机关所属事业单位大全 (in Chinese). 经济科学出版社. p. 71. ISBN 978-7-5058-0460-9. Retrieved 2024-06-26.
  6. ^ 中国少数民族教育. 中国民族多元文化丛书 (in Chinese). 五洲传播出版社. 2007. p. 7. ISBN 978-7-5085-1163-4. Retrieved 2024-06-26.
  7. ^ Joske, Alex (May 9, 2019). "Reorganizing the United Front Work Department: New Structures for a New Era of Diaspora and Religious Affairs Work". Jamestown Foundation. Archived from the original on July 21, 2019. Retrieved 2019-07-27.
  8. ^ Zhao, Taotao; Leibold, James (2019-10-13). "Ethnic Governance under Xi Jinping: The Centrality of the United Front Work Department & Its Implications". Journal of Contemporary China. 29 (124): 487–502. doi:10.1080/10670564.2019.1677359. ISSN 1067-0564. S2CID 211427737.
  9. ^ "党和国家机构改革｜中央统战部统一管理民族宗教等工作". 澎湃新闻 (in Chinese). 2018-03-21. Retrieved 2024-06-26.
  10. ^ "国家民委"三定"规定调整：归口中央统战部领导". 新浪新闻_手机新浪网 (in Chinese). 2018-09-10. Retrieved 2024-06-26.
  11. ^ "关于全面推开行业协会商会与行政机关脱钩改革的实施意见_部门政务_中国政府网". 中国政府网_中央人民政府门户网站 (in Chinese). 2023-10-30. Retrieved 2024-06-26.
  12. ^ "关于做好全面推开全国性行业协会商会与行政机关脱钩改革工作的通知_部门政务_中国政府网". 中国政府网_中央人民政府门户网站 (in Chinese). 2023-10-30. Retrieved 2024-06-26.
  13. ^ "国务院办公厅关于印发国家民族事务委员会职能配置内设机构和人员编制规定的通知". 中国政府网_中央人民政府门户网站 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2024-06-26.
  14. ^ Zhouxiang, L. (2020). Chinese National Identity in the Age of Globalisation. Springer Nature Singapore. p. 252. ISBN 978-981-15-4538-2. Retrieved 2024-06-26.
  15. ^ Davies, G.; Goldkorn, J.; Tomba, L. (2016). Pollution: China Story Yearbook 2015. China Story Yearbook. ANU Press. p. 169. ISBN 978-1-76046-069-3. Retrieved 2024-06-26.
  16. ^ "Chen Xiaojiang was appointed Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission". National Ethnic Affairs Commission (in Chinese). December 14, 2020. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
  17. ^ Lew, Linda (December 19, 2020). "China puts Han official in charge of ethnic minority affairs as Beijing steps up push for integration". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on December 21, 2020. Retrieved December 22, 2020.