Libourne

Libourne
Subprefecture and commune
Town hall
Town hall
Coat of arms of Libourne
Coat of arms
Location of Libourne
Map
Libourne is located in France
Libourne
Libourne
Libourne is located in Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Libourne
Libourne
Coordinates: 44°55′N 0°14′W / 44.92°N 0.24°W / 44.92; -0.24
CountryFrance
RegionNouvelle-Aquitaine
DepartmentGironde
ArrondissementLibourne
CantonLe Libournais-Fronsadais
IntercommunalityCA Libournais
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Philippe Buisson[1] (PS)
Area
1
20.63 km2 (7.97 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[2]
24,557
 • Density1,200/km2 (3,100/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
33243 /33500
Elevation2–28 m (6.6–91.9 ft)
(avg. 15 m or 49 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Libourne (French pronunciation: [libuʁn] ⓘ; Gascon: Liborna [liˈbuɾnɔ]) is a commune in the Gironde department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department.

It is the wine-making capital of northern Gironde and lies near Saint-Émilion and Pomerol.

Bridge over the Dordogne river

Geography

Libourne is located at the confluence of the Isle and Dordogne rivers. Libourne station has rail connections to Bordeaux, Bergerac, Angoulême, Périgueux, Limoges, Brive-la-Gaillarde and Sarlat-la-Canéda.

History

In 1270, Leybornia was founded as a bastide by Roger de Leybourne (of Leybourne, Kent), an English seneschal of Gascony, under the authority of King Edward I of England. It suffered considerably in the struggles of the French and English for the possession of Gironde in the 14th century, and joined France in the 15th century.

Libourne, view from the mound of Fronsac, pen drawing by Herman Van der Hem, around 1640

In December 1854 John Stuart Mill passed through Libourne, remarking "I stopped at Libourne as I intended & had a walk about it this morning quite the best thing there is the bridge of the Dordogne, the view from which is really fine".[3]

Population

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793 9,100—    
1800 8,076−1.69%
1806 8,293+0.44%
1821 8,787+0.39%
1831 9,838+1.14%
1836 9,714−0.25%
1841 9,814+0.21%
1846 11,813+3.78%
1851 12,650+1.38%
1856 13,290+0.99%
1861 13,565+0.41%
1866 14,639+1.54%
1872 14,960+0.36%
1876 15,231+0.45%
1881 15,981+0.97%
1886 16,736+0.93%
1891 17,867+1.32%
1896 18,016+0.17%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901 19,175+1.25%
1906 19,323+0.15%
1911 20,085+0.78%
1921 18,083−1.04%
1926 18,453+0.41%
1931 19,103+0.69%
1936 19,491+0.40%
1946 20,166+0.34%
1954 19,474−0.44%
1962 19,834+0.23%
1968 22,123+1.84%
1975 21,651−0.31%
1982 22,119+0.31%
1990 21,012−0.64%
1999 21,761+0.39%
2007 23,471+0.95%
2012 23,736+0.22%
2017 24,845+0.92%
Source: EHESS[4] and INSEE (1968-2017)[5]

Sights

The Gothic church, restored in the 19th century, has a stone spire 232 ft (71 m) high. On the quay there is a machicolated clock-tower which is a survival of the defensive walls of the 14th century. The town-house, containing a small museum and a library, is a quaint relic of the 16th century. It is located by the main square, the Place Abel Surchamp, which hosts every weekend one of the largest fresh food market in the region. There is a statue of Élie, duc Decazes, who was born in the region.

  • Nave of the Chapelle de Condat
    Nave of the Chapelle de Condat
  • Gate of the Port
    Gate of the Port
  • Protestant temple
    Protestant temple

Notable people

Climate

Climate data for Libourne (Saint-Émilion) (1995–2020 normals, extremes 1995–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 18.6
(65.5) 		24.7
(76.5) 		26.3
(79.3) 		30.8
(87.4) 		35.5
(95.9) 		39.7
(103.5) 		40.9
(105.6) 		41.3
(106.3) 		37.9
(100.2) 		33.0
(91.4) 		25.2
(77.4) 		19.7
(67.5) 		41.3
(106.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 9.9
(49.8) 		11.6
(52.9) 		15.4
(59.7) 		18.6
(65.5) 		22.2
(72.0) 		25.9
(78.6) 		27.8
(82.0) 		28.0
(82.4) 		24.7
(76.5) 		20.1
(68.2) 		13.8
(56.8) 		10.5
(50.9) 		19.0
(66.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) 6.6
(43.9) 		7.3
(45.1) 		10.3
(50.5) 		13.1
(55.6) 		16.6
(61.9) 		19.8
(67.6) 		21.5
(70.7) 		21.5
(70.7) 		18.2
(64.8) 		14.9
(58.8) 		9.8
(49.6) 		7.1
(44.8) 		13.9
(57.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 3.3
(37.9) 		3.1
(37.6) 		5.2
(41.4) 		7.6
(45.7) 		11.0
(51.8) 		13.8
(56.8) 		15.1
(59.2) 		14.9
(58.8) 		11.8
(53.2) 		9.6
(49.3) 		5.8
(42.4) 		3.6
(38.5) 		8.7
(47.7)
Record low °C (°F) −8.3
(17.1) 		−12.0
(10.4) 		−9.0
(15.8) 		−1.8
(28.8) 		2.2
(36.0) 		5.6
(42.1) 		7.1
(44.8) 		6.2
(43.2) 		2.9
(37.2) 		−5.6
(21.9) 		−8.0
(17.6) 		−9.7
(14.5) 		−12.0
(10.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 78.2
(3.08) 		61.5
(2.42) 		58.0
(2.28) 		72.4
(2.85) 		68.1
(2.68) 		58.2
(2.29) 		47.7
(1.88) 		55.2
(2.17) 		62.0
(2.44) 		61.4
(2.42) 		91.4
(3.60) 		84.0
(3.31) 		798.1
(31.42)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 12.5 10.4 10.6 11.2 9.9 8.0 7.3 7.7 8.1 9.8 13.2 12.5 121.3
Source: Meteociel[6]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
  2. ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  3. ^ The Collected Works of John Stuart Mill Vol XIV, Page 251. ISBN 0-8020-5261-4
  4. ^ Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Libourne, EHESS (in French).
  5. ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  6. ^ "Normales et records pour Saint-Émilion (33)". Meteociel. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
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