Only one phrase in the native language of the Jie is known. The source for this phrase was the Kuchean Buddhist monk and missionary Fotudeng. It was recorded in the Book of Jin as 秀支替戾岡，僕穀劬禿當 and said to have a connection to Shi Le's fight against Liu Yao in 328.[4] The phrase was glossed with a Chinese translation:
This phrase has been analyzed in a number of publications. Shiratori (1900),[6]Ramstedt (1922),[7]Bazin (1948),[8] von Gabain (1950),[9] Shervashidze (1986),[10] and Shimunek (2015)[2]: 149 recognized Turkic lexicon, and gave their versions of the transcription and translation:
Ramstedt
Bazin
von Gabain
Shervashidze
Shimunek
Sükä talıqın bügüg tutun!
Süg tägti ıdqaŋ boquγıγ tutqaŋ!
Särig tılıtqan buγuγ kötürkän
Sükâ tol'iqtin buγuγ qodigo(d)tin
su-Ø kete-r erkan boklug-gu tukta-ŋ
Go with a war [and] capture bügü!
Send the army to attack, capture the commander!
You'd put forth the army, you'd take the deer
You came to the army Deposed buγuγ
When/as the army goes out, capture the Boklug!
Yeniseian
Edwin G. Pulleyblank (1963) argued that the Turkic interpretations cannot be considered very successful because they conflict with the phonetic values of the Chinese text and with the Chinese translation. Instead, he suggested a connection with the Yeniseian languages, as well as remarking on the Yeniseian verb ending -ŋ, particularly common in Kott.[1]: 264
Alexander Vovin (2000) gave the following translation based on Yeniseian, corroborating Pulleyblank's findings.[11] Vovin (2000) suggests a connection with the Southern Yeniseian branch, which has found support from other Yeniseianists.
The verbal ending -ŋ can be seen in Jie, which is a common verb ending in Yeniseian languages, particularly Kott.[1] The cognate form of the Jie words "kot-o-kt-aŋ" 'they will catch' in Ket is "d-kas-a-qos-n", showing the characteristic of Pumpokol where the sound /t/ corresponds the Ket sound /s/, thus Jie is thought to be closely related to Pumpokol. The Arin word 'kel' 'fight' partly coincides in the second syllable of *śuke 'army', however the connection is dubious and Vovin suggested it to be a loanword, because if Pumpokolic speakers became part of Xiongnu, the word for army would have likely been loaned.[3]
Vovin et al. (2016) revise the above translation, as well as mapping the verbs over a Ket verb template and criticizing Shimunek et al.'s interpretation of the couplet.[3]
^Shiratori, Kurakichi, Uber die Sprache des Hiung-nu Stammes und der Tung-hu-Stdmme, Tokyo, 1900
^Ramstedt G.J., "Zur Frage nach der Stellung des Tschuwassischen" (On the question of the position of the Chuvash), Journal de la Société finno-ougrienne 38, 1922, pp. 1–34
^Bazin, Louis (1948). "Un texte proto-turc du IVe siècle: le distique hiong-nou du "Tsin-chou"". Oriens. 1 (2): 208–219. doi:10.2307/1578997. JSTOR1578997.
^von Gabain, Annemarie (1950). "Louis Bazin: Un texte proto-turc du IVe siècle: le distique hiong-nou du "Tsin-chou" (Besprechung)". Der Islam. 29: 244–246.
^Shervashidze I.N. "Verb forms in the language of the Turkic runiform inscriptions", Tbilisi, 1986, pp. 3–9
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