This article is about the Chinese Section of the Kowloon–Canton railway. For the British Section of the Kowloon–Canton railway, see East Rail line. For the company that operates the railway, see Guangshen Railway (company).
With a length of 147 kilometres (91 mi), it was the first railway in the People's Republic of China to reach the speed of 220 km/h (137 mph) in some sections, though it is limited to about 180 km/h (112 mph) during commercial operation. Now it has four tracks between Guangzhou East and Shenzhen railway station. Line 1 and 2 are up-direction and down-direction 200 km/h (124 mph) (currently restricted to 180 km/h (112 mph) in operation) passenger lines for CRHEMU respectively, and Lines 3 and 4 are up-direction and down-direction 160 km/h (99 mph) (currently restricted to 140 km/h (87 mph) in operation) mixed passenger and freight line respectively. In order to reduce the interference to passenger trains in the daytime from lower-speed freight trains, most freight trains will be scheduled to run at night.
Before the manifestation of COVID-19 pandemic in January 2020, traditional "Z-class" border-crossing services via the whole or part of the Guangshen Railway, serving Hong Kong and mainland destinations including Changping, Guangzhou East, Foshan and Zhaoqing, as well as to Beijing West and Shanghai, were available. However, the above-mentioned cross-border services were suspended since the on set of COVID-19 pandemic.[1]
Starting 15 January 2023, train services between Hong Kong West Kowloon Railway Station and Guangzhou East Railway Station are available,[2] at which Guangzhou-Shenzhen Railway is part of the route.
The idea of constructing a railway linking Canton (now Guangzhou) and Kowloon in Hong Kong, a British crown colony germinated in the late Qing dynasty. In 1899, Britain and the Qing government agreed to construct the KCR British Section, but Britain postponed the construction as Britain was busy at the Second Boer War in Africa. In 1907, Qing government and Britain formally signed an agreement in Peking on issuing a £100-million bond as part of loan for the construction of the Chinese section of the Kowloon–Canton railway. In July 1907, construction of the British Section of the KCR began. The construction of Chinese section was delayed and only started in 1909. Under the loan contract, China needed to employ the British engineers for the construction of Chinese section, but China still employed famous Chinese railway engineer, Zhan Tianyou, as a consultant. On 8 October 1911, the Chinese section of KCR with total length of 142.77 km (88.71 mi) was opened [3] together with the commencement of through train service between Kowloon and Guangzhou which was started to operate at the same time. The northern end of railway at that time was located in Dashatou (大沙頭), Guangzhou, which was demolished in 1951[citation needed].
After the establishment of People's Republic of China in October 1949, the 'Chinese section of the Canton–Kowloon railway' was renamed 'Guangshen railway', and repairs were made to sections of the railroad damaged during the war. In 1967, railway department carried out a comprehensive maintenance on Guangshen railway to improve the transport capacity. Beginning in the 1980s economic reform policies of China, the establishment of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone and rapid economic development in the Pearl River Delta region has brought large volume of imported goods and increased passenger demand to the railway. Therefore, the second line of Guangshen Railway was constructed during 1984 to 1987 in order to meet the huge demand. Simultaneously Guangshen Railway Company (the predecessor of Guangshen Railway Company), which was directly subordinated to the Guangzhou Railway Bureau (now Guangzhou Railway Group), was established. This company was in charge of the construction projects and operational management of Guangshen Railway. In 1987, Guangshen railway became the first double-track railway in Guangdong province.
X2000 running on Guangshen railway
Guangshen railway is the first place in China to carry out successfully speed-up on the existing railroad. At the beginning of the 1990s, Guangzhou Railway Bureau and the Ministry of Railways carried out the pre-feasibility research about raising the maximum speed of passenger trains to 160 km/h (99 mph). At 28 December 1991, the construction of the third line of Guangshen railway, and the speed-up improvement works of original double tracks started. In October 1994, the maximum speed of a train reached 174 km/h (108 mph) during the test. The first sub-high speed (160 km/h (99 mph))[4] passenger train in China started commercial operation at 22 December 1994, operating between Guangzhou and Shenzhen.
Fourth track of Guangshen railway under construction
In 1998[4] the electrification of two sub-high speed lines of Guangshen railway was finished. After the improvement the 200 km/h (124 mph) high speed trains are allowed to run on the existing sub-high speed railroad. A Swedish-built X 2000tilting train called 'Xinshisu' began to serve intercity train service between Guangzhou and Shenzhen, as well as the through train to Hong Kong. The train are 165m long, consisting of a power car, five passenger cars, and a trailing car. The non-power cars can have a pitch of up to 8 degrees. They are noted for being very quiet (less than 65 dBA) even at 200 km/h (124 mph). Such Swedish X 2000 trains allowed the line to reach 200 km/h (124 mph) and 220 km/h (137 mph)[4] in some sections[4] of the Guangshen line.
Starting 21 October 2001, the "As-frequent-as-buses" Train Project was fully roll out [5]: p.5 using 8 sets of domestic made "Blue Arrow" trains,[5]: p.2 which were high-speed (capable to reach a speed of 210 km/h)[5]: p.2 electrical trains for express service between Guangzhou and Shenzhen.
Construction of the fourth track was commenced at 31 December 2005, and was finished at 18 April 2007 in time for the Sixth Speed-Up Campaign. Since then Guangshen railway has been the first four-track railway in mainland China and it allows passenger trains and freight trains to run on separate lines.
CRH1A running on Guangshen railway
8-car CRH1A highspeed EMUs have been introduced since year 2007 for the intercity train service between Guangzhou and Shenzhen. There were 100 pairs of trains operated daily. The fastest journey time was 52 minutes between Guangzhou East and Shenzhen with no stop in-between. Train numbers D7002 and D7008 had been used for such direct service.
Tickets of intercity trains as of 2008
Implementation of "stop-at-all-stations" operating model started since 1 May 2009 [6]: p.12 at which intermediate stations includes Dongguan (located in Changping at that time), Shilong and Zhangmutou.[7]: p.38
Non-stop trains serving between Guangzhou East and Shenzhen re-emerges since the early 2020s[8] at which "C8" prefix train numbers[8] are introduced for such service.
A departure using CRH6A EMU is waiting at Shenzhen railway station and heading for Guangzhou directionAt the front: Information plates that one at platform of Shenzhen railway station and another at the body of the train
Regularly operating service between Guangzhou and Shenzhen uses 8-car CRH1A EMU or CRH6A EMU. Currently train numbers with prefix "C" are in use.
Train destinated for Guangzhou railway station in year 2024 as shown was a temporary additional "arrangement" operating during chunyun of that year, at which train number starts with "C9" was in use
In addition to CRH EMUs running temporally added intercity trips typically numbered C9xxx, it is possible that CR200J "Fuxing" trains are deployed to the temporally added trips (with prefix "D" or "C") since the allocation of 4 sets[20]: p.14 of such type of "Fuxing" train to Guangshen Railway Company Limited (GSRC) at the time of year 2019[20]: p.14 and thereafter.
The emergence of "D-class" trip using CR200J trains in Shenzhen railway station begins in December 2019 serving regular long-distance D727、D728 trains[21] for Beijing West[20]: p.14 while this service actually runs mainly along the Beijing-Kowloon railway[Note 3] which starts its multiplexes with Guangshen line in Dongguan City, meaning that the initial manifestation of CR200J trains along Guangshen line was just confined within a limited distance.
For the use of CR200J trains travelling longer distance of GuangShen line for demand-relief purpose, one noteworthy example is, to start with, an internet media reported that a temporally added service was available at September 29, 30 and October 2,3,5,6 of year 2023,[22] mentioning a pair of train service numbered D7495、D7496 [22] although that was a cross-line traffic between Changsha railway station and Shenzhen East railway station for demand relief.
Additional train D7496[22] of year 2023 as appeared in ticket-selling machine (an intermediate stop of D7496 was shown)
Shorter "intercity" service between Shenzhen East railway station and Guangzhou East railway station may occur in a rare, temporally[Note 4] manner while not on a regular basis. For the example in relation to the above-mentioned D7496 [22] service in year 2023, to start with, Guangzhou Railway Group maintains several Sina Weibo accounts officially where latest information about status of available tickets up-to-date, in particular for the days within peak demand period, may be posted. Previous posts in the Guangzhou Railway Group's official Weibo channels[Note 5] show that service between Shenzhen East railway station and Guangzhou East railway station was provided[16][17] with available ticket on-sale among at least some, if not all, of the days that the above-mentioned D7495、D7496 trips were in service in year 2023.
Information Display at platform of Guangzhou East railway station, showing the final destination "Shenzhen railway station" of D9795[23] service as at Spring 2024
During the holiday week of October 2024, there exists a pair of trains serving between Guangzhou East railway station and Shenzhen railway station, using train set with second class seat coach and sleeper berth configuration coach,[24][25] with train numbers C99 [24] for southbound and C100 [25] for northbound services of peak demand days of October 2024 according to the timetable as shown at the China Railway's official 12306 website.[10][11]
Rolling stock
Time
Rolling stocks using by Guangshen intercity trains
CR200J train allocated for Guangshen Railway Company Limited [20]: p.14 serving temporally added intercity trip from Guangzhou East railway station... (Final destination in Chinese would be shown in a separate photo as below) ...to Shenzhen railway station (Photographs taken in year 2023)
Stations
Stations with services
Most of the existing stations on the line are abandoned for passenger service, while reopening of a previously abandoned station after reconstruction or refurbishment can occur. Examples include Pinghu in year 2016[26] and Xintang in year 2023 [Note 6].
As at year 2024, major stations on the line offering passengers service are, in order:
Departure station for some non-high-speed trains. Regular CRH trains normally DO NOT stop here. In very limited occasions,[18] or for demand-relief purpose, mostly at those "ultimately most busiest" dates during peak demand periods[Note 8] some intercity trains[16][17] (160 km/hour speed maximum) may, although rarely, depart or terminate here.
As mentioned in the Stations list in the "Stations" section in above, a few number of departures, using CRH trains, provide service to Guangzhou railway station. Starting year 2024,[12] the coverage of above-mentioned service is further extended to Guangzhou Baiyun Railway Station as the terminal station, located some 5 kilometres distance[30] beyond the Guang-shen line.
Service heading to Shenzhen North Railway Station direction
Starting 20 June 2022,[31] service between Guangzhou East station and Shenzhen North station is available.
For traffic heading to other cities, there are services of EMUs using Guangzhou–Shenzhen railway as part of the route.
Cross-line traffic stopping at Changping (in Chinese:常平) Station after the CTCS upgrade[33]
The completion of upgrading work in year 2020 makes the whole Guangshen line to be compatible with CTCS-2,[33] as a result more EMUs from nationwide railway network can enter Guangshen line, and use Shenzhen railway station,[33][34]Guangzhou East railway station or Guangzhou railway station as terminal station.[33] Thus, more cross-line traffic and also more variety of types of EMUs becomes available along the Guangzhou–Shenzhen railway.
On the otherhand, the construction of the Guangzhou-Zhanjiang High-speed Railway[35] results in a disruption of some of the cross-line traffic, at which starting from 11 October 2023[35] trains of China Railway running at or running for Foshan city will not enter to nor leave from the Guangzhou Railway Station.
Starting 15 June 2024,[39] service between Shantou railway station and Shenzhen railway station, near the Luohu border with Hong Kong, become available; and there exists C-prefix train number trip[39] or D-prefix train number trip[40] operating daily in a regular basis.
Service between Guangzhou and Chaoshan or Fujian direction
Since not later than 26 June 2021, more EMU trains are available for service between Xiamen (or Xiamen North Station) and Guangzhou city, at which two of them (using Xiamen North Station at the time of writing in June 2023) will continue to Nanning East Station.[41][42] CRH2A EMU trains are in use for service between Xiamen North and Nanning.[42] However, with effective from 11 October 2023 the above-mentioned trains, in particular those formerly serving between Fujian and Guangxi province via Guangzhou, are shorten to serve only between Fujian province and Guangzhou city.
In year 2023, D3653/D3652 train served by CRH2A EMU made a stop at Dongguan station, after departing from Nanpingshi (some 35km from Wuyishan) via Fuzhou, Xiamen North, and Shenzhen North stations, and after Dongguan station the train will continue to Guangzhou via Guang-Shen line, and the final destination for D3653/D3652 is Nanning East station as at 30 June 2023. Train serving Xiamen (North) - Guangzhou - Nanning (East) service in year 2023.[42] It's CRH2A EMU serving train number D3655/D3658 from Nanning (East) station......to Xiamenbei Station (see the final destination as shown on the display board of the train), which means Xiamen (North) station.
Between 15 January 2022[47] to 9 January 2024,[48] a pair of departures is available using CRH380A[47] EMU trains, at which train G2775/G2778 departs from Guangzhou East station exists, and train G2777/G2776 departs from Ganzhou West station, as at June 2023 this service serves Dongguan railway station as well; in addition, another pair for the Guangzhou East to Ganzhou West service was added since 11 October 2022, with train number D1695/D1698 and D1697/D1696,[49] at which CRH1E-250 train is in use as at June 2023.
CRH380A EMU serving train G2775[47]G2775[47] stopping and providing passenger service at Dongguan station as at June 2023
A disruption of this cross-line traffic, starting 11 October 2023, occurs because of the route adjustment of Guangzhou-Sanshui section of the Guangzhou-Maoming railway to facilitate the construction of the Guangzhou-Zhanjiang High-speed Railway.[35]
Starting 10 July 2019[52] to 10 October 2023, there was a daily service between Shenzhen Railway Station and Huaiji Railway Station on Guiyang-Guangzhou HSR, which is the first[52] utilizing the whole Guangzhou-Shenzhen line in full as part of the route; starting 1 July 2020[53][54] to 10 October 2023, daily service between Shenzhen Railway Station and Foshan West Railway Station was available; however, according to the new railway timetable effective from 11 October 2023, these direct train services no longer exist.
In year 2023, and before 11 October 2023,[55] China Railway Nanning Group's [56] CRH2A EMU train served Shenzhen Station (by running the train number D3666 from Shenzhen to Liuzhou[56] at that moment)
China Railway Nanning Group's [56] EMU trains running on the whole Guangzhou-Shenzhen line used to be exist that, since not later than year 2023[56] such EMU train service was previously available between Shenzhen railway station (the one in Luohu district near the Hong Kong border) and Liuzhou[56] via Guangzhou, which was numbered D3665/D3666; however, with effective from 11 October 2023, train number D3665/D3666 no longer serves Shenzhen and Dongguan, and this pair of train serves Zhuhai[55] and Zhongshan[57] instead.
Image gallery
Bond agreement signed in 1907
Foundation ceremony of the Chinese Section of KCR in 1909. Group photo of both Chinese and British officials.
^Chinese language version of official timetable[9] has also been referred.
^It was reported that "Z-class" train services between Shenzhen East and Guangzhou East, numbered Z8351-Z8356, existed temporarily in December 2019.[13][14]
^The author(s) or editor of a media report website,[14] in Chinese, use the Chinese words「臨時」(at which the meaning equals to "temporal" in English) when reporting the Z8351-Z8354 service in December 2019.[14] For situation in year 2024, the service period of D9785-D9786 as reported by the China Railway's official website[18] only confined within Chunyun period.
^Other than the mentioned temporary added trips in October 2023, another example occurred that information was released to the internet in a similar way (in Chinese language), is on 6 April 2024[19]
^Guangzhou-Shanwei High-speed Railway started operation since 26 September 2023 [27] at which trains running via III、IV line of Guangshen railway to serve between Xintang and Guangzhou East Station become available;[28] for intercity service with Shenzhen via Dongguan,[29] service become available since year 2024
^ ab"廣鐵將啟用新的列車運行圖 廣州白雲站運力大幅增加". portal.sina.com.hk (in Chinese). 31 December 2023. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 5 September 2024.
^ ab"深圳東至廣州東增3趟直達列車". 深圳市交通運輸局 (in Chinese). 深圳市交通運輸局（深圳市港務管理局）. 4 December 2019. Retrieved 15 August 2024.
^ abcde潘少婷; 冯欢 (5 December 2019). 符德明 (ed.). "买票请注意啦！12月起东莞站加开三对列车". www.timedg.com (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 4 September 2024.
^纪晓欣, ed. (3 December 2019). "深圳东站增开至广州东直达特快列车（附列车详情）". 深圳之窗传媒有限公司 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 5 September 2024. Retrieved 5 September 2024.
^ abcd"复兴号"绿巨人"助力株洲假期出行". 红网时刻新闻 (in Chinese). 28 September 2023. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 4 September 2024 – via 腾讯新闻.
^ ab"广汕高铁9月26日开通运营". 广州日报 (in Chinese). 26 September 2023. Archived from the original on 27 September 2024. Retrieved 27 September 2024 – via 广州市人民政府办公厅官方网站.
^"6月20日起，广州东站新增深圳北方向动车组". 广州日报·新花城 (in Chinese). 18 June 2022. Archived from the original on 27 September 2024. Retrieved 27 September 2024 – via huacheng.gz-cmc.com.
^ ab"本周六列车运行图上新！广州白云站重要变化". 白云融媒 (in Chinese). 13 June 2024. Archived from the original on 27 September 2024. Retrieved 27 September 2024 – via 腾讯新闻.
^"加开、新开！从深圳出发，将有更多选择". 大湾区之声 (in Chinese). 10 October 2023. Archived from the original on 28 September 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024 – via 光明网(责任编辑：季爽).
^ ab李嘉莹, ed. (6 June 2024). "6月15日起铁路调图！汕头出行有变". 网易新闻 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 28 September 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
^"汕头火车站9月14日起实行新的列车运行图". 汕头市委宣传部 (in Chinese). 13 September 2024. Archived from the original on 28 September 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024 – via 网易新闻.
^"实现高铁直连！南宁至厦门、福州高铁动车开跑！". www.gxnews.com.cn (in Chinese). 27 June 2021. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 5 September 2024.
^"龙岩始发至广州高速动车组首发开行" (in Chinese). 福建日报报业集团. 12 January 2024. Archived from the original on 27 September 2024. Retrieved 27 September 2024.
^"深圳铁路部门10月11日起实施新的列车运行图" (in Chinese). GUANGSHEN RAILWAY CO.,LTD. 12 October 2022. Retrieved 4 March 2024.
^"车迷好图 第510期". m.sohu.com (in Chinese). 搜狐. 4 March 2023. Retrieved 27 September 2024.
^"CRH1E执行D3121次". www.trainnets.com (in Chinese). TrainNet＠126.com. 23 July 2023. Archived from the original on 27 September 2024. Retrieved 15 August 2024.
^尹辅华; 孙景锋, eds. (30 June 2020). "7月起全国铁路用新图！佛山西站、火车站车次有变化". 南方日报 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 5 September 2024. Retrieved 5 September 2024.
^ ab"动车"公交化"！途经"海上高铁"！柳州人跨城逛街更方便了". 南宁日报 (in Chinese). 11 October 2023. Archived from the original on 20 September 2024. Retrieved 20 September 2024 – via 澎湃新闻.
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Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit der kanadischen Stadt. Für weitere Bedeutungen siehe Montreal (Begriffsklärung). Montréal Von oben nach unten, von links nach rechts: Skyline vom Mont Royal aus gesehen, die Altstadt (Vieux-Montréal), Notre-Dame de Montréal, der alte Hafen, St.-Josephs-Oratorium, das Olympiastadion Wappen Flagge Motto: Concordia Salus(lat.: „Wohlergehen durch Harmonie“) Lage in Québec Montréal (Québec) Montréal Staat: Kanada Kanada Provinz: Québec Région ad...
У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. СМ-2 (значения). СМ-2-1 Носовая установка СМ-2-1 эсминца пр. 56 История производства Разработано 1943—1949 Страна производства СССР Годы производства 1950—1957 Производитель Завод № 232, СКМЗ Изготовлено, ед. 65 (в СССР) История службы...
Religious statue in the Congo, Africa Part of a series onKongo religion Religions Antonianism Kongo Kongo Catholicism Deities Bunzi Chicamassi-chinuinji Dinganga Jesus Kimbazi Kuitikuiti Lubangala Lusiemo Lusunzi Makanga Ma Kiela Mamba Muntu Mbantilanda Mbenza Mboze Mbumba Moni-Mambu Ngonde Ntangu Nzambi Mpungu Nzambici Nzazi Phulu Bunzi Yahweh Elements Ancestral veneration Kalunga line Kongo cosmogram Mfinda Nature spirits Nganga Nlongo Simbi Art Nkisi Nkondi Tumba DiasporaHoodoo Black cat b...
1938 novel by C. S. Lewis For other uses, see Out of the Silent Planet (disambiguation). Out of the Silent Planet First editionAuthorC. S. LewisCover artistHarold JonesLanguageEnglishSeriesThe Space TrilogyGenreScience fiction novelPublished1938 (John Lane (first))[1]Publication placeUnited KingdomMedia typePrint (hardcover & paperback)Pages264 pp (first edition, hard)Preceded byNone Followed byPerelandra Out of the Silent Planet is a science fiction...
