French submarine Alose (1904)

History
The wreckage of Alose seen at the COMEX offices in 2019
France
Name	Alose
Namesake	The shad
Builder	Arsenal de Toulon, Toulon, France
Launched	12 October 1904
Fate	Stricken 1914
Notes	Sunk as target, 1918; raised 1976 and preserved as museum ship
General characteristics ^[1]
Type	Submarine
Displacement	70.5 t (69.4 long tons), surfaced 73.6 t (72.4 long tons) submerged
Length	23.7 m (77 ft 9 in)
Beam	2.2 m (7 ft 3 in)
Draft	2.6 m (8 ft 6 in)
Propulsion	1 × shaft; 1 × Panhard et Levassor petrol engine (52cv/57bhp)^[2] 1 × Société Éclairage Électrique electric motor (86cv/95shp)^[2]
Speed	7.20kn (surfaced) 5.98kn (submerged)
Range	200nm at 5.5kn surfaced 30nm at 4.10kn submerged
Complement	12
Armament	2 × single 450 mm torpedoes in Drzewiecki drop collars

French submarine Alose (Q33) (“Shad”) is a Naïade-class submarine of the Romazotti type. She was built for the French Navy at the beginning of the 20th century. Alose remained in service until just prior to the outbreak of World War I.

Design and construction

Alose was ordered by the French Navy under its 1900 building programme, one of a class of twenty. She was designed by Gaston Romazotti, an early French submarine engineer. Alose was built at the Toulon Naval Dockyard and was launched on 12 October 1904. She was single-hulled, with dual propulsion, and constructed of Roma-bronze, a copper alloy of Romazotti's devising. Alose was named for the Shad, an open-water fish of the herring family.^[1]

Service history

Alose entered service in July 1907, and was employed on coastal duties, guarding ports and harbours. She was involved in several accidents, though none resulted in serious damage. In November 1906 she was struck by the steamer Mouette in Toulon Roads . In November 1910 she collided with sister ship Bonite, damaging both.^[2]

Fate

Alose was stricken in May 1914^[1] and was used as a target ship, being sunk off Fréjus in March 1918.

In 1975 the wreck was discovered by French divers off Lion rock, near Saint-Raphaël, Var. She was raised and restored as a museum ship in May 1976, and now stands outside the offices of COMEX in Marseilles.^[2]

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c Conway p207
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d French submarine Alose (Q33) at sous-marins francais (archived page; retrieved 25 February 2017. (French)

References

Garier, Gérard (n.d.). L'odyssée technique et humaine du sous-marin en France [The Technical and Human Odyssey of the Submarine in France: From Plongeur (1863) to Guêpe (1904)] (in French). Vol. 1: Du Plongeur (1863) aux Guêpe (1904). Bourg-en-Bresse, France: Marines édition. ISBN 2-909675-19-X.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
Roberts, Stephen S. (2021). French Warships in the Age of Steam 1859–1914: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5267-4533-0.
Smigielski, Adam (1985). "France". In Gray, Randal (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 190–220. ISBN 0-87021-907-3.

External links

Base Palissy: Alose, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)

v t e Surviving ships launched before 1919
operational^⛵ preserved^⚓
Pre-1800	Pesse canoe^⚓ (8040–7510 BC) Dufuna canoe^⚓ (6250 BC) Bibongho canoe^⚓ (6000 BC) Pirogues de Bercy^⚓ (4500 BC) Khufu ship^⚓ (2500 BC) Carnegie boat^⚓ (1870–1831 BC) Chicago boat^⚓ (1870–1831 BC) Red boat^⚓ (1870–1831 BC) White boat^⚓ (1870–1831 BC) Appleby logboat^⚓ (1500–1300 BC) Dover Bronze Age Boat^⚓ (1500 BC) Hanson Log Boat^⚓ (1500 BC) Hasholme Logboat^⚓ (c. 750-390 BC) Ma'agan Michael Ship^⚓ (c. 450 BC) Fiskerton log boat^⚓ (457–300 BC) Hjortspring boat^⚓ (c. 350 BC) Kyrenia ship^⚓ (c. 350 BC) Poole Logboat^⚓ (c. 300 BC) Sea of Galilee Boat^⚓ (c. 85 BC) Alkedo^⚓ (1st century AD) De Meern 1^⚓ (148 AD) Arles Rhône 3^⚓ (c. 150 AD) Bevaix boat^⚓ (c. 182 AD) Roman ship of Marausa^⚓ (3rd century AD) Nydam Boat^⚓ (c. 320 AD) Oseberg Ship^⚓ (820 AD) Gokstad ship^⚓ (900 AD) Tune ship^⚓ (900 AD) Utrecht ship^⚓ (997–1030 AD) Skuldelev ships^⚓ (1030–1042 AD) Quanzhou ship^⚓ (1272 AD) Bremen cog^⚓ (c. 1380 AD) Newport Ship^⚓ (1449) Mary Rose^⚓ (1509) Tarihi Kadırga^⚓ (c. 1600) Vasa^⚓ (1627) Sparrow Hawk^⚓ (1628) St. Nicholas^⚓ (1640) State Barge of Charles II^⚓ (1670) La Belle^⚓ (1684) Queen Mary's Shallop^⚓ (1689) Prince Frederick's Barge^⚓ (1732) Victory^⚓ (1765) Philadelphia^⚓ (1776) Peggy^⚓ (c. 1789) Constitution^⛵ (1797)
1800–1879	Zetland^⚓ (1802) Ticonderoga^⚓ (1814) Trincomalee^⚓ (1817) Unicorn^⚓ (1824) Charles W. Morgan^⛵ (1841) Dom Fernando II e Glória^⚓ (1843) Bertha^⚓ (1844) Great Britain^⚓ (1845) Brandtaucher^⚓ (1850) Radetzky^⚓ (1851) Snow Squall^⚓ (1851) Edwin Fox^⚓ (1853) Constellation^⚓ (1854) Tudor Vladimirescu^⛵ (1854) Santiago^⚓ (1856) Skibladner^⛵ (1856) Gondola^⛵ (1859) Jylland^⚓ (1860) Warrior^⚓ (1860) Cairo^⚓ (1861) Mayflower^⚓ (1861) Australia^⚓ (1862) Chattahoochee^⚓ (1863) Daring^⚓ (1863) H. L. Hunley^⚓ (1863) Intelligent Whale^⚓ (1863) Neuse^⚓ (1863) Star of India ^⛵ (1863) Sub Marine Explorer^⚓️ (1863) City of Adelaide^⚓ (1864) Jackson^⚓ (1864) Strelets (1864) El Mahrousa^⛵ (1865) Huáscar^⚓ (1865) Adelaide^⛵ (1866) Bjoren^⛵ (1866) Emma C. Berry^⚓ (1866) Buffel^⚓ (1868) Enköping^⛵ (1868) Lone Star^⚓ (1868) Schorpioen^⚓ (1868) Cutty Sark^⚓ (1869) Katarina^⚓ (1869) Yavari^⚓ (1870) Leitha^⚓ (1871) Lewis R. French^⛵ (1871) Raven^⛵ (1871) Stephen Taber^⛵ (1871) Puno^⛵ (1872) Gjøa^⚓ (1872) Meiji Maru^⚓ (1873) Rap^⚓ (1873) Hero^⛵ (1874) James Craig^⛵ (1874) Juno^⛵ (1874) Uruguay^⚓ (1874) Amphibious / Akuna Amphibious^⛵️ (1875) Muñoz Gamero (1875) Sölve^⚓ (1875) Anna Karoline^⚓ (1876) Avoca^⚓ (1877) Bonaire^⚓ (1877) Elissa^⛵ (1877) Gem^⚓ (1877) Governor Stone^⛵ (1877) Lady of the Lake^⛵ (1877) Success^⚓ (1877) Decoy^⚓ (1878) Enterprise^⛵ (1878) Falls of Clyde^⚓ (1878) Gannet^⚓ (1878) Holland I^⚓ (1878) Lady Elizabeth^⚓ (1879) Vallejo^⛵️ (1879)
1880–1899	Annie^⚓ (1880) Fenian Ram^⚓ (1881) Mary D. Hume^⚓️ (1881) Rothbury^⛵️ (1881) George Smeed^⛵️ (1882) Grace Bailey^⛵ (1882) Joseph Conrad^⛵ (1882) Christeen^⚓ (1883) Nelcebee^⚓ (1883) Abdón Calderón^⚓ (1884) Little Jennie ^⚓ (1884) Kuna^⛵ (1884) PW Mayflower^⛵ (1884) Amazon^⛵ (1885) Coronet^⚓ (1885) Pioneer^⛵ (1885) Polly Woodside^⚓ (1885) Wavertree^⚓ (1885) Balclutha^⚓ (1886) L'Almée^⚓ (1885) Segwun^⛵ (1887) Sigyn^⚓ (1887) Tyr^⚓ (1887) Akarana^⚓ (1888) af Chapman^⚓ (1888) Elf^⛵ (1888) Equator^⚓ (1888) Priscilla^⚓ (1888) Anna Kristina^⛵ (1889) Arthur Foss^⚓ (1889) Edna E Lockwood^⛵️ (1889) Peral^⚓ (1889) Raven^⛵ (1889) "Eureka"^⚓ (1890) Persistence^⛵️ (1890) Robin^⚓ (1890) Alma^⚓ (1891) Nellie^⚓ (1891) Ruby G. Ford^⛵️ (1891) Tern^⛵ (1891) Fram^⚓ (1892) Kestrel^⚓ (1892) Mirosa^⛵ (1892) Olympia^⚓ (1892) Rona^⚓️ (1892) Coya^⚓ (1893) El Primero^⛵ (1893) Lettie G. Howard^⛵ (1893) Maggie S. Myers^⛵ (1893) Result^⚓ (1893) Viking^⚓ (1893) Alfred Corry (ON 353)^⚓ (1894) Effie M. Morrissey^⛵ (1894) Henry Ramey Upcher^⚓ (1894) Turbinia^⚓ (1894) Vridni^⚓ (1894) Lagaren^⚓ (1894) Bessie^⛵ (1895) C.A. Thayer^⚓ (1895) Centaur^⛵ (1895) Gedser Rev^⚓ (1895) Hiawatha^⛵ (1895) Kitty^⛵ (1895) Belem^⛵ (1896) Daisy^⚓ (1896) Edna G^⚓ (1896) Genève^⚓ (1896) Glenlee^⚓ (1896) Meteor^⚓ (1896) Pyap^⛵ (1896) Rebecca T. Ruark^⚓ (1896) Rickmer Rickmers^⚓ (1896) La Dolce Vita^⛵ (1897) Keenora^⚓ (1897) Marion^⛵ (1897) Najaden^⚓ (1897) Presidente Sarmiento^⚓ (1897) Tarella^⚓ (1897) Wyvern^⛵ (1897) Carola^⚓ (1898) Marjorie^⛵ (1898) Niagara^⛵ (1898) Berkeley^⚓ (1898) Edme^⛵ (1898) Etona^⛵ (1898) Moyie^⚓ (1898) Niagara^⛵ (1898) Waimarie^⛵️ (1898) Wyvenhoe^⛵ (1898) Albatros^⛵ (1899) Decima^⛵ (1899) Maud^⛵ (1899) Stjernen I^⛵ (1899) William B. Tennison^⚓ (1899)
1900–1907	Aurora^⚓ (1900) Edward M. Cotter^⛵ (1900) Ena^⛵ (1900) Helen McAllister^⚓ (1900) Howard L. Shaw^⚓ (1900) Ironsides^⛵ (1900) Kathleen and May^⛵ (1900) Mikasa^⚓ (1900) Regina M.^⚓️ (1900) Västan^⛵ (1900) Victory Chimes^⛵ (1900) Cangarda^⛵ (1901) Discovery^⚓ (1901) Duchesse Anne^⚓ (1901) Elsworth^⚓ (1901) Gazela^⚓ (1901) Holland 1^⚓ (1901) Kathryn^⚓ (1901) Reaper^⛵ (1901) Sigsbee^⛵ (1901) Tilikum^⚓ c. 1901 Urger^⛵ (1901) Basuto^⚓ (1902) Columbia^⚓ (1902) Jupiter^⚓ (1902) Madiz^⛵ (1902) Shenandoah^⛵ (1902) Solway Lass^⛵ (1902) Stanley Norman^⚓ (1902) Suomen Joutsen^⚓ (1902) Alma Doepel^⛵ (1903) Billie P. Hall^⛵️ (1903) Celtic^⚓ (1903) Finngrundet^⚓ (1903) Föri^⛵️ (1903) Light Vessel 72^⛵ (1903) Maggie Lee^⛵ (1903) Normac^⚓ (1903) Pommern^⚓ (1903) Alose^⚓ (1904) Ariki^⚓ (1904) Barnegat^⚓ (1904) Black Jack^⛵ (1904) Fannie L. Daugherty^⛵ (1904) J C Madge^⚓ (1904) Maple Leaf^⛵️ (1904) Juniata^⚓ (1904) Medea^⚓ (1904) Moshulu^⚓ (1904) Sava^⚓ (1904) Swiftsure^⚓ (1904) Asgard^⚓ (1905) Fæmund II^⛵ (1905) Hathor^⛵ (1905) Hilda M. Willing^⛵ (1905) Ridgetown (1905)^⚓ (1905) Alexander von Humboldt^⛵ (1906) Baltimore^⚓ (1906) Blümlisalp^⛵ (1906) Cambria^⛵ (1906) Edith May^⛵ (1906) Ena (1906)^⚓️ (1906) Ida May^⛵ (1906) Minnehaha^⛵ (1906) Minnie V^⛵️ (1906) Östanå I^⛵ (1906) St. Marys Challenger^⛵ (1906) Thalatta^⛵ (1906) Ticonderoga^⚓ (1906) U-1^⚓ (1906) Viola^⚓ (1906) Ambrose^⚓ (1907) Drazki^⚓ (1907) Canally^⚓ (1907) F. C. Lewis Jr.^⛵ (1907) Henrik Ibsen^⛵ (1907) Hercules^⚓ (1907) Irene^⛵ (1907) Keewatin^⚓ (1907) Nyanza^⚓ (1907) Rosa^⛵ (1907) Ruby^⚓ (1907) Tarmo^⚓ (1907) Viking^⚓ (1907) Yankee^⚓ (1907)
1908–1914	Circle Line XIV^⛵ (1908) Entiat Princess^⛵ (1908) Fehmarnbelt^⛵ (1908) Mohican II^⛵ (1908) Oscar W^⛵ (1908) Oster^⛵ (1908) Sabino^⛵ (1908) Speeder^⛵️ (1908) Storskär^⛵ (1908) Ardwina^⛵ (1909) Bigwin^⛵️ ( 1909) Dar Pomorza^⚓ (1909) Duwamish^⚓ (1909) Großherzogin Elisabeth^⛵ (1909) Lotus^⛵ (1909) President^⛵ (1909) Stadt Zürich^⛵ (1909) Steam Pinnace 199^⛵ (1909) Gonca^⛵ (1909) E.C. Collier^⚓ (1910) Georgios Averof^⚓ (1910) Noorderlicht^⛵ (1910) Norrskär^⛵ (1910) Ste. Claire^⚓ (1910) Trillium^⛵ (1910) Suriname-Rivier^⚓ (1910) Europa^⛵ (1911) Eye of the Wind^⛵ (1911) Helen Smitton^⚓ (1911) Hestmanden^⚓ (1911) Industry^⛵ (1911) James M. Schoonmaker^⚓ (1911) McKeever Brothers^⚓ (1911) Nellie L. Byrd^⛵ (1911) Nomadic^⚓ (1911) Nusret^⚓ (1911) Passat^⚓ (1911) Peking^⚓ (1911) Pevensey^⛵ (1911) Tradewind^⛵ (1911) Wäiski^⚓ (1911) African Queen^⚓ (1912) Astoria^⛵️ (1912) Canberra^⛵ (1912) Cartela^⛵ (1912) Chacon^⚓ (1912) Earnslaw^⛵ (1912) Gustaf III^⛵ (1912) Gustafsberg VII^⛵ (1912) James Caird^⚓ (1912) J. L. Runeberg^⛵ (1912) Kwasind^⛵ (1912) Lady Denman^⚓ (1912) Margaret^⛵ (1912) Melbourne^⛵ (1912) Sundowner^⛵ (1912) Texas^⚓ (1912) Wendameen^⛵ (1912) Zhongshan^⚓ (1912) Miktat Kalkavan^⛵ (1912) Acadia^⚓ (1913) Adventuress^⛵ (1913) Benjamim Guimarães^⛵ (1913) Dredge No. 4^⚓️ (1913) Jolie Brise^⛵ (1913) Kildare^⛵ (1913) Kommuna^⛵ (1913) Kyle^⚓ (1913) North Head^⚓ (1913) Rusinga^⚓️ (1913) Stord I^⛵ (1913) Suur Tõll^⛵ (1913) Usoga^⛵ (1913) Naramata^⚓ (1914) Sicamous^⚓ (1914) Stadt Rapperswil^⛵ (1914)
World War I	Belle of Louisville^⛵ (1914) Britannia^⛵️ (1914) Bustardthorpe^⛵ (1914) Caroline^⚓ (1914) Hercules^⛵ (1914) Horns Rev^⚓ (1914) Katahdin^⛵ (1914) Libby's No. 23^⚓ (1914) Doulos Phos^⚓ (1914) Perth^⚓ (1914) Pilot^⛵ (1914) Statsraad Lehmkuhl^⛵ (1914) Zumbrota^⛵ (1914) Bradbury^⚓ (1915) Graf von Goetzen^⛵ (1915) Katie^⛵ (1915) Langer Heinrich^⛵ (1915) M33^⚓ (1915) Mar-Sue^⛵ (1915) Miseford^⛵ (1915) Peacock^⛵ (1915) Sankt Erik^⛵ (1915) Wilhelm Carpelan^⚓ (1915) Coastal Motor Boat 4^⚓ (1916) Krassin^⚓ (1916) Mariette^⛵️ (1916) Mercantile^⛵ (1916) Portsmouth^⚓ (1916) UB-46^⚓ (1916) Carlisle II^⛵ (1917)^⚓ (1917) Carpentaria^⚓ (1917) Commander^⛵ (1917) L'Art de Vivre^⛵ (1917) Maud^⚓ (1917) St. Julien^⛵️ (1917) Valley Camp^⚓️ (1917) El Don^⛵️ (1918) Felipe Larrazabal ^⚓ (1918) Kapitan Borchardt^⛵ (1918) Lotus^⛵ (1918) Oosterschelde^⛵ (1918) President^⚓ (1918) Surprise^⛵ (1918) W. P. Snyder Jr.^⚓ (1918)

v t e Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1906
Shipwrecks	12 Jan: Itata 21 Jan: Aquidabã 22 Jan: Valencia 24 Jan: Regulator 27 Jan: Agnes 13 Mar: Olympian 18 Mar: Athen March (unknown date): SMS Albatross 30 May: HMS Montagu 4 Aug: Sirio 24 Aug: Princess 13 Sep: Oregon 18 Sep: HMS Phoenix 25 Sep: Columbian 22 Oct: Cromartyshire 25 Oct: Peter Iredale 9 Nov: Lurline 18 Nov: Dix 6 Dec: Monarch 16 Dec: Prinzessin Victoria Luise 16 Dec: James Gordon Bennett Unknown date: Ina Mactavish, Polly
Other incidents	18 Jan: Cromartyshire 1 Feb: Columbia 15 Feb: Devonian 12 Mar: Kate 17 Apr: HMS Ardent 30 Apr: HMS A10, HMS Empress of India 12 May: Vigilancia 28 Jun: C. F. Tietgen June (unknown date): HMS Ramillies, HMS Resolution 10 Jul: Jurien de la Gravière 22 Jul: Vaderland 18 Sep: Fronde 30 Sep: Advance, Tuncurry 21 Nov: Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse, RMS Orinoco November (unknown date): Alose
1905 1907

v t e Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1910
Shipwrecks	5 Jan: Farallon 6 Feb: USS Nina 31 Mar: Pericles 17 May: Forel 26 May: Pluviôse 20 Jul: Dode 2 Aug: James Rolph 12 Aug: San Giorgio 21 Aug: HMS Bedford 9 Sep: Pere Marquette 18 28 Sep: Chester 18 Oct: William C. Moreland 6 Nov: Preussen 10 Dec: Olympia Unknown date: Lothair
Other incidents	6 Jan: Fürst Bismarck 9 Jan: Prinz Joachim 21 Jan: Pisa 18 Feb: Moresby 8 Mar: Watt 9 Apr: USS Pawnee 18 Apr: Minnehaha 30 May: HMS Quail 6 Jun: Trent 5 Aug: Princess May 10 Aug: HMS Barfleur August (unknown date): HMS A1 1 September D.R. Hanna 7 Sep: HMS A11 5 Nov: Brighton, Preussen November (unknown date): Alose 3 Dec: Watt 5 Dec: Nord America 10 Dec: HMS C8 25 Dec: Finland Unknown date: Hougomont Patrie, République
1909 1911

v t e Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in March 1918
Shipwrecks	1 Mar: HMS Calgarian 2 Mar: HMS H5 9 Mar: Hindenburg 10 Mar: SM UB-58 12 Mar: HMS D3 13 Mar: Wegadesk 15 Mar: Amazon, SM U-110, SM UB-106 19 Mar: Linz 23 Mar: HMS Arno 24 Mar: Partenope 25 Mar: Tokitsukaze 26 Mar: RFA Lady Cory-Wright, SM U-61 27 Mar: HMS Kale 28 Mar: Inkosi 31 Mar: Slieve Bloom Unknown date: Alose, USS Cyclops, SM UB-17, SM UB-54
Other incidents	20 Mar: HMT Boorara 26 Mar: Watt, USS Wenonah 31 Mar: Celtic, USS Stockton
1917 1918 1919 February 1918 April 1918

43°14′22″N 5°24′09″E / 43.239529°N 5.402407°E / 43.239529; 5.402407

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