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History
United States
Name	Holland Boat No. I
Namesake	John Philip Holland
Launched	22 May 1878
Fate	Scuttled, 1878; Raised, 1927, now a museum exhibit;
General characteristics
Type	Submarine
Displacement	2.25 long tons (2 t)
Length	14 ft (4.3 m)
Beam	3 ft (0.91 m)
Propulsion	1 × 4 hp (3 kW) Brayton ready motor petroleum engine; 1 screw;
Speed	3.5 knots (6.5 km/h; 4.0 mph)(surfaced); 2.5 miles per hour (4.0 km/h);
Endurance	1 hour
Test depth	12 ft (3.7 m)
Crew	1

Holland Boat No. I was a prototype submarine designed and operated by John Philip Holland.

Construction

Work on the vessel began at the Albany Iron Works in New York City, moving to Paterson, New Jersey, in early 1878. The boat was launched on 22 May 1878. It was 14 feet long, weighed 2.25 tons, and was powered by a 4-horsepower Brayton Ready Motor petroleum engine driving a single screw. The boat was operated by Holland himself.^[1]

Testing

After several tests, on 6 June Holland conducted his first proper trial. The boat ran on the surface at approximately 3.5 knots, then submerged to a depth of 12 feet, before eventually surfacing. However, problems with the engine, meant that Holland eventually connected the engine, by a flexible hose, to a steam engine in an accompanying launch and powered the boat externally. In a second trial, Holland remained submerged for an hour. Holland eventually stripped the boat of usable equipment and scuttled it in the Passaic River.^[1]

These trials impressed Holland's backers, the Fenian Brotherhood,^[2] who on the strength of this success financed the Holland Boat No. II, which became known as the Fenian Ram.^[1]

The vessel was recovered in 1927 and is now on display at the Paterson Museum in New Jersey.^[2]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "John Holland Father of the Modern Submarine". navy.mil. 2006. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 28 August 2012.
^ ^a ^b "Holland Boat #1". Historic Naval Ships Visitors Guide. 2012. Archived from the original on 14 May 2012. Retrieved 28 August 2012.