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Far Eastern Federal District

Дальневосточный федеральный округ
Far Eastern Federal District Дальневосточный федеральный округ
Federal district
	Location of the Far Eastern Federal District
Country	Russia
Established	13 May 2000
Administrative center	Vladivostok
Government
• Presidential Envoy	Yury Trutnev
Area
• Total	6,952,600 km2 (2,684,400 sq mi)
• Rank	1st of 8 (40.6% of the country)
Population (2021)
• Total	7,975,762
• Rank	8th of 8 (5.6% of the country)
• Density	1.1/km2 (3.0/sq mi)
• Urban	73.6%
• Rural	26.4%
GDP
• Total	₽ 8.656 trillion; US$ 124 billion (2022)
• Per capita	₽ 1,090,778; US$ 15,606 (2022)
Time zones
Buryatia	UTC+08:00 (Irkutsk Time)
Amur Oblast, Zabaykalsky Krai and most of the Sakha Republic (excluding districts in UTC+10:00 and UTC+11:00 time zones)	UTC+09:00 (Yakutsk Time)
Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai, Primorsky Krai, and the Oymyakonsky, Ust-Yansky and Verkhoyansky districts of the Sakha Republic	UTC+10:00 (Vladivostok Time)
Magadan Oblast, Sakhalin Oblast, and the Abyysky, Allaikhovsky, Momsky, Nizhnekolymsky, Srednekolymsky and Verkhnekolymsky districts of the Sakha Republic	UTC+11:00 (Magadan Time)
Chukotka and Kamchatka Krai	UTC+12:00 (Kamchatka Time)
Federal subjects	11 contained
Economic regions	1 contained
HDI (2022)	0.769; high · 5th
Website	DFO.gov.ru

Far Eastern Federal District

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Far Eastern Federal District in Russia

The Far Eastern Federal District (Russian: Дальневосточный федеральный округ, IPA: [dəlʲnʲɪvɐˈstot͡ɕnɨj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk], Latinized: Dal'nevostochnyy federal'nyy okrug) is the largest of the eight federal districts of Russia, but the least populated, with a population of around 8 million (73.6% urban) according to the 2021 Census. The federal district lies entirely within the easternmost part of Asia and is coextensive with the Russian Far East.

History

The Far Eastern Federal District was established on 13 May 2000 by President Vladimir Putin.^[5] It is currently governed by presidential envoy Yury Trutnev. In November 2018, Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai were added to the federal district.^[6] The seat of the Far Eastern Federal District was moved from Khabarovsk to Vladivostok in December 2018.^[7]

On 15 July 2022, the first high-speed highway was opened in the Far Eastern Federal District. It united three federal highways – Ussuri (Khabarovsk–Vladivostok), Amur (Chita–Khabarovsk) and Vostok (Khabarovsk–Nakhodka), and connect the regional capital with Komsomolsk-on-Amur, as well as sites of the territory of the advancing socio-economic development (SAD).^[8]

Demographics

Federal subjects


#	Flag	Coat of arms	Federal subject	Area in km²^[1]	Population (2021 census)	GDP^[9]	Capital/Administrative center	Map of Administrative Division
1			Amur Oblast	361,900	766,912	₽531 billion	Blagoveshchensk
2			Republic of Buryatia	351,300	978,588	₽342 billion	Ulan-Ude
3			Jewish Autonomous Oblast	36,300	150,453	₽79 billion	Birobidzhan
4			Zabaykalsky Krai	431,900	1,004,125	₽487 billion	Chita
5			Kamchatka Krai	464,300	291,705	₽338 billion	Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
6			Magadan Oblast	462,500	136,085	₽315 billion	Magadan
7			Primorsky Krai	164,700	1,845,165	₽1,309 billion	Vladivostok
8			Sakha Republic	3,083,500	995,686	₽1,616 billion	Yakutsk
9			Sakhalin Oblast	87,100	466,609	₽1,234 billion	Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
10			Khabarovsk Krai	787,600	1,292,944	₽987 billion	Khabarovsk
11			Chukotka Autonomous Okrug	721,500	47,490	₽136 billion	Anadyr

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±%
1959	6,543,859	—
1970	7,737,678	+18.2%
1979	8,946,829	+15.6%
1989	10,359,773	+15.8%
2002	8,829,449	−14.8%
2010	8,372,257	−5.2%
2021	7,975,762	−4.7%
Source: Census data

Largest cities with a population over 75,000

There are 82 cities in the Far Eastern Federal District, and 13 cities have populations over 75,000.

Only four of these 13 cities (Komsomolsk-on-Amur (7th) in Khabarovsk Krai, Ussuriysk (9th), Nakhodka (11th), Artyom (12th) in Primorsky Krai) are not administrative centres of a federal subject. Anadyr, the centre of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, is one of the smallest centres of a federal subject (it has only 13,045 inhabitants). Only Magas, the centre of Ingushetia, is smaller than Anadyr.

Artyom is a large suburb of the Vladivostok metropolitan area.^[10]

Populations are given as of the 2021 census:

Khabarovsk: 617,441
Vladivostok: 603,519
Ulan-Ude: 437,565
Yakutsk: 355,443
Chita: 334,427
Blagoveshchensk: 241,437
Komsomolsk-on-Amur: 238,505
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk: 181,587
Ussuriysk: 180,393
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: 164,900
Nakhodka: 139,931
Artyom: 109,556
Magadan: 90,757

Religion

Religion in the Far Eastern Federal District as of 2012 (Sreda Arena Atlas)^[11]^[12]

Russian Orthodoxy			27.4%
Other Orthodox			1.4%
Other Christians			5.0%
Buddhism			3.3%
Islam			0.7%
Native faiths			2.2%
Spiritual but not religious			27.0%
Atheism and irreligion			23.5%
Other and undeclared			9.5%

According to a 2012 survey^[11] 27.4% of the population of the current federal subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District (including Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai) adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 5.0% are unaffiliated generic Christians, 1.4% is an Orthodox believer without belonging to any church or adheres to other (non-Russian) Orthodox churches, 3.3% is an adherent of Buddhism, 0.7% is an adherent of Islam, and 2.2% adhere to some native faith such as Rodnovery, Tengrism, Yellow shamanism, or Black shamanism. In addition, 27.0% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 23.5% is atheist, and 9.5% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.^[11]

Ethnicity

The ethnic composition, according to the 2021 census (after the integration of Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai in 2018) was:

Total – 6,979,578 people
Russians – 5,674,671 (81.30%)
Yakuts – 472,116 (6.76%)
Buryats – 371,677 (5.33%)
Ukrainians – 47,560 (0.68%)
Evenki – 33,760 (0.48%)
Koreans – 29,855 (0.43%)
Tatars – 24,605 (0.35%)
Uzbeks – 23,477 (0.34%)
Armenians – 20,185 (0.29%)
Kyrgyz – 19,659 (0.28%)
Evens (Lamuts) – 19,561 (0.28%)
Tajiks – 17,812 (0.26%)
Chukchi – 15,686 (0.22%)
Azerbaijanis – 13,011 (0.19%)
Nanai – 11,424 (0.16%)
Chinese – 8,396 (0.12%)
Belarusians – 7,944 (0.11%)
Koryaks – 7,292 (0.10%)
Kazakhs – 4,614 (0.07%)
Bashkirs – 4,391 (0.06%)
Nivkh – 3,758 (0.05%)
Germans – 3,564 (0.05%)
Chuvash – 2,906 (0.04%)
Moldovans – 2,851 (0.04%)
Mordva – 2,675 (0.04%)
Jews – 2,529 (0.04%)
Ulchi – 2,431 (0.03%)
Yukaghir – 1,747 (0.03%)
Itelmens – 1,486 (0.02%)
Mari – 1,230 (0.02%)
Individuals who did not indicate nationality – 996,184 (12.49%)

Presidential plenipotentiary envoys

№	Name (envoy)	Photo	Term of office			Appointed by
№	Name (envoy)	Photo	Start of term	End of term	Length of service	Appointed by
1	Konstantin Pulikovsky		18 May 2000	14 November 2005	5 years, 180 days (2,006 days)	Vladimir Putin
2	Kamil Iskhakov		14 November 2005	2 October 2007	1 year, 322 days (687 days)
3	Oleg Safonov		30 November 2007	30 April 2009	1 year, 151 days (517 days)
4	Viktor Ishayev		30 April 2009	30 August 2013	4 years, 122 days (1,583 days)	Dmitry Medvedev
5	Yury Trutnev		31 August 2013	present	11 years, 147 days (4,165 days)	Vladimir Putin