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D-Day the Sixth of June
D-Day the Sixth of June
	Original film poster by Jock Hinchliffe
Directed by	Henry Koster
Screenplay by	Harry Brown; Ivan Moffat
Based on	The Sixth of June; 1955 novel; by Lionel Shapiro
Produced by	Charles Brackett
Starring	Robert Taylor; Richard Todd; Dana Wynter; Edmond O'Brien
Cinematography	Lee Garmes
Edited by	William Mace
Music by	Lyn Murray
Production; company	20th Century Fox
Distributed by	20th Century Fox
Release date	May 29, 1956;
Running time	106 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$2,075,000
Box office	$1.95 million (US rentals)

D-Day the Sixth of June is a 1956 American DeLuxe Color CinemaScope romance war film made by 20th Century Fox. It was directed by Henry Koster and produced by Charles Brackett from a screenplay by Ivan Moffat and Harry Brown, based on the 1955 novel, The Sixth of June by Lionel Shapiro. The film stars Robert Taylor, Richard Todd (who participated in the Normandy landings in real life), Dana Wynter, and Edmond O'Brien.

Plot

A few hours before D-Day, Special Force Six, a joint American-British-Canadian commando unit, embarks to destroy an especially well-defended German coastal gun emplacement on the Normandy coast. As the landing ship steams towards it, its commander, an Englishman, and one of his subordinates, an American, reflect on their love for the same woman.

Captain Brad Parker, an American paratrooper invalided out because of a broken leg suffered during a parachute jump, is posted to the headquarters of the European Theatre of Operations in London. At the Red Cross club, he meets and, despite being married, falls in love with Valerie Russell, an Auxiliary Territorial Service subaltern. Valerie is the daughter of a crusty brigadier who's been on sick leave since being wounded at Dunkirk. Valerie is also already in love with Lieutenant Colonel John Wynter of the British Commandos, a friend of her father.

Both officers are posted overseas, but later return. Parker has volunteered to join what becomes Special Force Six, to be led by his former commander, Lt. Colonel (now full Colonel) Timmer.

With only a few hours before the operation is due to embark, Timmer goes to pieces (partly as a result of his earlier bad experiences in the failed Dieppe Raid) and is arrested whilst drunk and breaking security (this incident is clearly based on a similar breach of security by Major General Henry J. F. Miller). Wynter, now a colonel, who has recovered from being badly wounded, is brought in to command the operation. The operation is a success, despite several killed and wounded. Parker is badly wounded and evacuated. Wynter is wounded as well, and while he is awaiting evacuation, is killed when he steps on a mine.

In the hospital, and due to be repatriated, Parker sees Valerie for the last time. She does not tell him that Wynter has been killed, and, after a final embrace with Parker, Valerie leaves the hospital with her head hung in despondent loneliness.

Cast

Robert Taylor as Captain Brad Parker
Richard Todd as Lieutenant Colonel John Wynter
Dana Wynter as Valerie Russell
Edmond O'Brien as Lieutenant Colonel/Colonel Alexander Timmer
John Williams as Brigadier Russell
Jerry Paris as Raymond Boyce
Robert Gist as Major Dan Stenick
Richard Stapley as David Archer
Ross Elliott as Major Mills
Alex Finlayson as Colonel Doug Harkens

Production

Lionel Shapiro (1908–1958) was a Canadian war correspondent for The Montreal Gazette who landed at the Allied invasion of Sicily, Salerno and Juno Beach on D-Day with the Canadian forces.^[3] His 1955 romantic novel The Sixth of June was awarded the Governor General's Award for English-language fiction. As opposed to a historical account such as The Longest Day, The Sixth of June is a love triangle of adulterous relationships set in war such as The Man in the Gray Flannel Suit that was also filmed by 20th Century Fox in 1956. Robert Taylor echoes his appearance in Waterloo Bridge by wearing a trenchcoat and romancing English lady Dana Wynter. Wynter called it her favorite of all her films, being an unresolved love story.^[4]

Though originally planned to be filmed in Britain with Jean Simmons as the female lead, The Sixth of June (the working title of the film) was made on the Fox backlot with naval scenes filmed at the Long Beach Naval Shipyard, featuring the hospital ship USS Haven (AH-12), whilst the beach landing was made at Point Dume California.^[5] Before the days of computer-generated imagery director Henry Koster had to make his landing look convincing on his limited budget with two LCVPs and eighty soldiers.^[6] In the invasion scene soldiers running out of the two landing craft appear in front of a back projection scene of another take of the same scene giving the appearance of twice as many landing craft and soldiers as there actually were.

Unlike many American war films D-Day the Sixth of June presents the viewpoints of British characters and features Canadian troops in action. The film's microcosm version of the Normandy landings is a Pointe du Hoc type assault featuring an imaginary "Special Force Six" made up of British, American and Canadian troops in equal quantities. When Taylor's character is wounded it is Todd and the British and Canadians who destroy the big gun that is the force's objective.

According to Todd, in the original script his character lived and Taylor's character went back to his wife. However Todd requested that his character be killed.^[7]

Edmond O'Brien's character is relieved of command in a similarity to US Army Ranger Major Cleveland A Lytle. Lytle who was to command three companies of the 2nd Ranger Battalion in the assault at Pointe du Hoc heard that Free French sources reported the guns thought to be there had been removed. Lytle became quite vocal that the assault would be unnecessary and suicidal and was relieved of his command at the last minute by Provisional Ranger Force commander Colonel James Rudder.^[8] Rudder felt that Lytle could not convincingly lead a force with a mission that he did not believe in.^[9] Lytle was later transferred to the 90th Infantry Division where he was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross.^[10]

Technical adviser Colonel Dan Gilmer had been General Eisenhower's Secretary in SHAEF during the D-Day preparation and landings.^[11]

Footnotes

^ Aubrey Solomon, Twentieth Century Fox: A Corporate and Financial History, Scarecrow Press, 1989 p250
^ 'The Top Box-Office Hits of 1956', Variety Weekly, January 2, 1957
^ "Love Before D-Day". Time. August 8, 1955. Archived from the original on December 15, 2008.
^ p.303 Weaver, Tom I Was a Monster Movie Maker 2001 McFarland
^ D-Day the Sixth of June (1956) - Overview - TCM.com
^ p.20 Davis, Ronald L. Just Making Movies: Company Directors on the Studio System 2005 University of Mississippi Press
^ Todd, Richard (1989). In camera : an autobiography continued. Hutchinson. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-09-173534-0.
^ p.78 Black, Colonel Robert W. The Battalion: The Dramatic Story of the 2nd Ranger Battalion in World War II 2006 Stackpole Books
^ p.210 Gawne, Jonathan Spearheading D-Day: American Special Units June 6, 1944 2001 Historie and Collections
^ Legion of Valor Recipient Archived February 19, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
^ p.136-7 Assembly, Volume 43 United States Military Academy. Association of Graduates Association of Graduates, United States Military Academy, 1984