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Below are notable events in archaeology that occurred in 1865.

Explorations

The first report of a discovery of Coţofeni culture at Râpa Roșie in Romania is made by Fr. W. Schuster.

Excavations at Slack Roman fort in Yorkshire (England) under the direction of George Lloyd.

Joseph Barnard Davis and John Thurnam complete publication of Crania Britannica: delineations and descriptions of the skulls of the aboriginal and early inhabitants of the British islands.
John Lubbock publishes Pre-historic Times, as Illustrated by Ancient Remains, and the Manners and Customs of Modern Savages, including his coinage of the term Palæolithic.^[1]
Joseph-Alexander Martigny publishes Dictionnaire des antiquités chrétiennes.
Edward Burnett Tylor publishes Researches into the Early History of Mankind and the Development of Civilization.

French archeologist Auguste Mariette discovers Ti watching a hippopotamus hunt, tomb of Ti, Saqqara, Fifth dynasty of Egypt. It is made c. 2510 BC - 2460 BC.

^ "Palaeolithic, adj. and n.". Oxford English Dictionary online version (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. December 2011. Archived from the original on 2012-02-26. Retrieved 2012-02-24. (subscription or participating institution membership required)
^ "The History of the PEF". pef.org.uk. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
^ "James Henry Breasted". britannica.com. Retrieved 31 May 2017.
^ "Foucher, A. (Alfred) 1865-1952". worldcat.org. Retrieved 2 June 2017.
^ Edwards, Edward (17 June 2010). Lives of the Founders of the British Museum: With Notices of Its Chief Augmentors and Other Benefactors, 1570-1870. Cambridge University Press. p. 43. ISBN 9781108014953.