Below are notable events in archaeology that occurred in 1869.

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• Temple of Artemis at Ephesus discovered by British archaeologist John Turtle Wood near Kuşadası, Turkey.^[1]
• Near Miamisburg, Ohio, the site of Miamisburg Mound is partially excavated, when a vertical shaft is sunk from the top to the base, with two horizontal tunnels extending from it.^[2]

• Waldalgesheim chariot burial.

• March 30 - Aleš Hrdlička, Czech-born anthropologist (d. 1943)
• April 23 - Percy Newberry, English archaeologist (d. 1949)
• April 30 - John Kirk, English physician, Roman archaeologist and physical anthropologist (d. 1940)
• July 3 - John Myres, English archaeologist of Cyprus (d. 1954)
• September 24 - Maud Cunnington, British archaeologist (d. 1951)

• August 8 - Roger Fenton, photographer (b. 1819)

• Egyptology