Hybodontiformes

Hybodontiformes

Hybodus fraasi aus dem Solnhofener Plattenkalk im Museum für Naturkunde Berlin

Zeitliches Auftreten
Karbon bis Obere Kreide
330? bis 65 Mio. Jahre
Fundorte

Europa, Nordamerika

Systematik
Stamm: Chordatiere (Chordata)
Unterstamm: Wirbeltiere (Vertebrata)
ohne Rang: Kiefermäuler (Gnathostomata)
Überklasse: Knorpelfische (Chondrichthyes)
ohne Rang: Euselachii
Ordnung: Hybodontiformes
Wissenschaftlicher Name
Hybodontiformes
Patterson, 1966

Die Hybodontiformes sind eine ausgestorbene Gruppe von haiähnlichen Knorpelfischen, die vom Karbon bis zur Kreide lebten. Sie hatten zwei jeweils mit einem starken Stachel versehene Rückenflossen. Die Fische wurden 15 Zentimeter bis mehrere Meter lang.

Die Hybodontiformes gehören zur Unterklasse der Plattenkiemer (Elasmobranchii) und sind wahrscheinlich die Schwestergruppe der Neoselachii, der modernen Haie und Rochen. Die ersten Hybodontiformes erschienen im unteren Karbon, im Mississippium. Sie überlebten neben den Neoselachii als einzige Plattenkiemer die Massenaussterben am Ende des Perm und während der Trias und verschwanden erst am Ende der Kreide. Die Neoselachii sind damit die einzigen heute noch lebenden Plattenkiemer.

Gattungen

Literatur

Commons: Hybodontiformes – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ Friedrich von Alberti: Beitrag zu einer Monographie des Bunten Sandsteins, Muschelkalks und Keupers und die Verbindung dieser Gebilde zu einer Formation. Cotta, Stuttgart und Tübingen 1834, S. 90
  2. ↑ Friedrich von Alberti: Beitrag zu einer Monographie des Bunten Sandsteins, Muschelkalks und Keupers und die Verbindung dieser Gebilde zu einer Formation. Cotta, Stuttgart und Tübingen 1834, S. 90
  3. ↑ James Brough: On the Structure and Relationships of the Hybodont Sharks. In: Memoirs and Proceedings of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, Band 79, 1935, S. 35–50
  4. ↑ Richard Estes; Fossil vertebrates from the Late Cretaceous Lance Formation, eastern Wyoming. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences, 49, 1964, S. 1–180
  5. ↑ Hermann von Meyer: Fische, Crustaceen, Echinodermen und andere Versteinerungen aus dem Muschelkalk Oberschlesiens. In: Palaeontographica, 1, 1849, S. 216–242, Taf. XXVIII
  6. ↑ Otto Jaekel: Die Selachier aus dem oberen Muschelkalk Lothringens. In: Abhandlungen zur Geologischen Specialkarte von Elsass-Lothringen, Band 3, Heft 4, 1989, S. 273–332
  7. ↑ Wolf-Ernst Reif: Tooth enameloid as a taxonomic criterion: 3. A new primitive shark family from the lower Keuper. In: Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Abhandlungen, 160 (2), 1980, S. 61–72

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