Tshingiz Aitmatof

Tshingiz Aitmatof
Ganwyd12 Rhagfyr 1928 Edit this on Wikidata
Sheker Edit this on Wikidata
Bu farw10 Mehefin 2008 Edit this on Wikidata
o niwmonia Edit this on Wikidata
Nürnberg Edit this on Wikidata
DinasyddiaethYr Undeb Sofietaidd, Cirgistan Edit this on Wikidata
Alma mater
  • Sefydliad Llenyddol Maxim Gorky Edit this on Wikidata
Galwedigaethgwleidydd, diplomydd, newyddiadurwr, cyfieithydd, nofelydd, sgriptiwr, awdur ffuglen wyddonol, llenor, rhyddieithwr Edit this on Wikidata
Swyddambassador of Kyrgyzstan, ambassador of the Soviet Union, ambassador of the Russian Federation Edit this on Wikidata
Adnabyddus amParhaodd y Dydd am Dros Gan Mlynedd, Y Llong Wen, Yr Athro Cyntaf, Jamila, Farewell, Gulsary!, The Place of the Skull, Cranes Fly Early Edit this on Wikidata
Arddullnofel fer, nofel fer Edit this on Wikidata
Plaid WleidyddolPlaid Gomiwnyddol yr Undeb Sofietaidd Edit this on Wikidata
TadTorekul Aitmatov Edit this on Wikidata
MamQ93446343 Edit this on Wikidata
PlantAskar Aitmatov Edit this on Wikidata
Gwobr/auGwobr Gladwriaeth yr USSR, Urdd Lenin, Arwr y Llafur Sosialaidd, Urdd y Chwyldro Hydref, Gwobr Alexander Men, Urdd Baner Coch y Llafur, Urdd Cyfeillgarwch y Bobl, Medal NK Krupskaya, Urdd Cyfeillgarwch, Medal "Am Waith Rhagorol", Gwobr Friedrich-Rückert, Arwr y Weriniaeth Cirgistan, Order of Manas, 1st class, Order of Fatherland, Do'stlik (gorchymyn), Medal Jiwbili "I Goffáu 100fed Pen-blwydd Geni Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" (10 gair / words), Urdd y Wên, Gwobr Gwladwriaeth Awstria ar gyfer Llenyddiaeth Ewropeaidd, Order of Outstanding Merit, Friendship Order, Croes Swyddog Urdd Teilyngdod Hongianiaid, Gwobr Lenin, Hungarian Order of Merit, Medal i Gofio 1000fed pen-blwyd Kazan, Medal Llafur y Cynfilwyr Edit this on Wikidata
llofnod

Awdur yn yr ieithoedd Cirgizieg (Kirghiz) a Rwsieg oedd Tshingiz Aitmatof (Чыңгыз Айтматов) (Чингиз Торекулович Айтматов) (12 Rhagfyr 1928, Cirgizia Kirghiz ASSR, USSR - 10 Mehefin 2008, Nuremberg, Yr Almaen],". Roedd ei dad yn Cirgiz ond o bobl y Tatar oedd ei fam. Gweithiont fel gweision sifil. Ym 1937, dienyddwyd ei dad yn elyn "bourgeois" ym Moscow.

Astudiodd mewn ysgol Sofiet yn Sheker. Yn ei arddegau, roedd yn aelod o bwyllgor lleol, gweithiodd fel dyn treth, labrwr a phrentis peirianydd. Aeth ymlaen i wneud gradd Amaethyddiaeth yn Bishkek ond yn fuan newidiodd i astudio llenyddiaeth Sefydliad Llenyddiaeth Maxim Gorky ym Moscow, rhwng 1956 a 1958.

Daeth yn ohebydd ar Pravda. Dechreuodd lenydda o 1952 (yn y Rwsieg): "Bachgen papurau Dziuio" ac "Ашым." A dwy flynedd wedyn, ei waith cyntaf yn y Girgizieg "Ак Жаан" (Glaw gwyn, 1954), daeth yn llais y Cirgiziaid i'r byd a chyfieithwyd ei waith i sawl iaith arall. Enillodd Aitmatof Gwobr Lenin ym 1963 am ei Straeon y Mynyddau a'r Stepiau. Roedd e'n defnyddio straeon gwerin Cirgizia fel themâu yn ei gwaith, ond awdur cyfoes oedd e.

Yn ei lyfr enwocaf Ffarwel, Gwlsari ceir hanes dyn a'i geffyl, addas iawn mewn gwlad lle roedd miloedd o nomadiaid - ac ef wedi crwydro gyda nhw tra yn ifanc. Y fo ei hun a gyfieithodd ei waith o Girgizieg i Rwsieg. Ac o'r Rwsieg y cyfieithwyd Ffarwel Gwlsari i'r Gymraeg gan W. Gareth Jones yn 1971.

Bu farw Aitmatof tra yn yr Almaen ar 10 Mehefin 2008 yn 79 oed, aeth a'i gorf yn ôl i Girgizia (Kyrgyzstan) a chladdwyd ef ym mynwent "Ata Beyit" yn arwr cenedlaethol.

Disgrifiwyd ef gan y The New York Times fel "a Communist writer whose novels and plays before the collapse of the Soviet Union gave a voice to the people of the remote Soviet republic of Kyrgyz" a hefyd "later became a diplomat and a friend and adviser to the Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev."

Gyrfa Diplomyddol

Wedi dod i enwogrwydd daeth Aitmatof yn llysgennad i'r Undeb Ewropeaidd, NATO, UNESCO a'r gwledydd Benelux

Gwaith

  • Siwrne anodd (1956)
  • Wyneb i Wyneb ("Лицом к лицу", 1957)
  • Jamilya ("Джамиля", 1958)
  • Yr Athro Cyntaf ("Первый учитель", 1962)
  • Straeon y Mynyddau a'r Stepiau ("Повести гор и степей", 1963)
  • Ffarwel, Gwlsari("Прощай, Гульсары", 1966)
  • Y Llong Wen ("Белый пароход", 1970)
  • Dringo Mynydd Fwji ("Восхождение на Фудзияму", 1973)
  • Mae'r Garan yn Hedfan yn Gynnar (Ранние журавли, 1979)
  • Y Diwrnod sy'n para am Ganrif ("И дольше века длится день", 1980)
  • Y Scaffald ("Плаха", 1986)
  • Brand Casandra ("Тавро Кассандры", 1996)
  • Pan syrth y Mynyddau ("Когда горы падают", 2006)

Cyfeiriadau

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