Peter Higgs

Peter Higgs
Peter Higgs v roce 2013.
Peter Higgs v roce 2013.
Rodné jménoPeter Ware Higgs
Narození29. května 1929
Newcastle upon Tyne, Spojené královstvíSpojené království Spojené království
Úmrtí8. dubna 2024 (ve věku 94 let)
Edinburgh
Národnostanglická
Alma materKing's College Londýn
Oboryteoretická fyzika, fyzika částic
Známý díkyHiggsův boson
OceněníWolfova cena za fyziku (2004)
Nobelova cena za fyziku (2013)
Manžel(ka)Jody Williamson
Děti2
PodpisPeter Higgs – podpis
Webwww.ph.ed.ac.uk/higgs
Některá data mohou pocházet z datové položky.

Peter Ware Higgs, CH (29. května 1929 Newcastle upon Tyne, Spojené království[1] – 8. dubna 2024 Edinburgh, Spojené království[2][3]) byl britský teoretický fyzik, který v roce 1964[4] předpověděl existenci částice nazvané později Higgsův boson, za což mu byla udělena Nobelova cena za rok 2013.[5] Existence této částice by měla vysvětlit původ hmotnosti ostatních elementárních částic.[4] Existence Higgsova bosonu byla potvrzena experimenty CMS a ATLAS na urychlovači LHC v CERNu v Ženevě 4. července 2012.

Odkazy

Reference

  1. ↑ Peter Higgs and the Higgs Boson. School of Physics and Astronomy [online]. 2017-03-12 [cit. 2024-04-10]. Dostupné online. (anglicky) 
  2. ↑ Statement on the death of Professor Peter Higgs. The University of Edinburgh [online]. 2024-04-09 [cit. 2024-04-10]. Dostupné online. (anglicky) 
  3. ↑ Ve věku 94 let zemřel britský vědec a nositel Nobelovy ceny za fyziku Higgs. www.ceskenoviny.cz [online]. 2024-04-09 [cit. 2024-04-10]. Dostupné online. 
  4. ↑ a b Příběh Higgsova bosonu [online]. [cit. 2024-04-10]. Dostupné online. 
  5. ↑ The Nobel Prize in Physics 2013. NobelPrize.org [online]. [cit. 2024-04-10]. Dostupné online. (anglicky) 

Externí odkazy

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Nositelé Nobelovy ceny za fyziku
1901–1925
1926–1950
1951–1975
  • John Cockcroft / Ernest Walton (1951)
  • Felix Bloch / Edward Purcell (1952)
  • Frits Zernike (1953)
  • Max Born / Walther Bothe (1954)
  • Willis Lamb / Polykarp Kusch (1955)
  • William Shockley / John Bardeen / Walter Brattain (1956)
  • Jang Čen-ning / Li Čeng-tao (1957)
  • Pavel Alexejevič Čerenkov / Ilja Frank / Igor Tamm (1958)
  • Emilio G. Segrè / Owen Chamberlain (1959)
  • Donald A. Glaser (1960)
  • Robert Hofstadter / Rudolf Mössbauer (1961)
  • Lev Landau (1962)
  • E. P. Wigner / Maria Göppert-Mayer / J. Hans D. Jensen (1963)
  • Charles Townes / Nikolaj Gennadijevič Basov / Alexandr Prochorov (1964)
  • Šin’ičiró Tomonaga / Julian Schwinger / Richard Feynman (1965)
  • Alfred Kastler (1966)
  • Hans Bethe (1967)
  • Luis Alvarez (1968)
  • Murray Gell-Mann (1969)
  • Hannes Alfvén / Louis Néel (1970)
  • Dennis Gabor (1971)
  • John Bardeen / Leon Cooper / John Schrieffer (1972)
  • Leo Esaki / Ivar Giaever / Brian Josephson (1973)
  • Martin Ryle / Antony Hewish (1974)
  • Aage Bohr / Ben Mottelson / James Rainwater (1975)
    		•
    1976–2000
  • Burton Richter / Samuel Ting (1976)
  • Philip Warren Anderson / Nevill Mott / John Hasbrouck van Vleck (1977)
  • Pjotr Leonidovič Kapica / Arno Allan Penzias / Robert Woodrow Wilson (1978)
  • Sheldon Lee Glashow / Abdus Salam / Steven Weinberg (1979)
  • James Watson Cronin / Val Logsdon Fitch (1980)
  • Nicolaas Bloembergen / Arthur Leonard Schawlow / Kai Siegbahn (1981)
  • Kenneth G. Wilson (1982)
  • Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar / William Alfred Fowler (1983)
  • Simon van der Meer / Carlo Rubbia (1984)
  • Klaus von Klitzing (1985)
  • Ernst Ruska / Gerd Binnig / Heinrich Rohrer (1986)
  • Johannes Georg Bednorz / Karl Alexander Müller (1987)
  • Leon Max Lederman / Melvin Schwartz / Jack Steinberger (1988)
  • Norman Foster Ramsey / Hans Georg Dehmelt / Wolfgang Paul (1989)
  • Richard Edward Taylor / Henry Way Kendall / Jerome Isaac Friedman (1990)
  • Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (1991)
  • Georges Charpak (1992)
  • Russell Alan Hulse / Joseph Hooton Taylor (1993)
  • Bertram Brockhouse / Clifford Shull (1994)
  • Frederick Reines / Martin Lewis Perl (1995)
  • David Morris Lee / Douglas Dean Osheroff / Robert Coleman Richardson (1996)
  • Steven Chu / Claude Cohen-Tannoudji / William Daniel Phillips (1997)
  • Robert B. Laughlin / Horst Ludwig Störmer / Cchuej Čchi (1998)
  • Gerardus 't Hooft / Martinus J. G. Veltman (1999)
  • Žores Ivanovič Alfjorov / Herbert Kroemer / Jack Kilby (2000)
    		•
    2001–2025
  • Eric Cornell / Wolfgang Ketterle / Carl Wieman (2001)
  • Raymond Davis mladší / Masatoši Košiba / Riccardo Giacconi (2002)
  • Alexej Abrikosov / Vitalij Ginzburg / Anthony Leggett (2003)
  • David Gross / David Politzer / Frank Wilczek (2004)
  • Roy Glauber / John Hall / Theodor Hänsch (2005)
  • John C. Mather / George Smoot (2006)
  • Albert Fert / Peter Grünberg (2007)
  • Jóičiró Nambu / Makoto Kobajaši / Tošihide Masukawa (2008)
  • Charles Kuen Kao / Willard Sterling Boyle / George E. Smith (2009)
  • Andre Geim / Konstantin Novoselov (2010)
  • Saul Perlmutter / Adam Riess / Brian Schmidt (2011)
  • Serge Haroche / David J. Wineland (2012)
  • François Englert / Peter Higgs (2013)
  • Isamu Akasaki / Hiroši Amano / Shuji Nakamura (2014)
  • Takaaki Kadžita / Arthur B. McDonald (2015)
  • David J. Thouless / Duncan Haldane / Michael Kosterlitz (2016)
  • Rainer Weiss / Barry Barish / Kip Thorne (2017)
  • Arthur Ashkin / Gérard Mourou / Donna Stricklandová (2018)
  • James Peebles / Michel Mayor / Didier Queloz (2019)
  • Roger Penrose / Reinhard Genzel / Andrea Ghezová (2020)
  • Syukuro Manabe / Klaus Hasselmann / Giorgio Parisi (2021)
  • Alain Aspect / John F. Clauser / Anton Zeilinger (2022)
  • Pierre Agostini / Ferenc Krausz / Anne L'Huillierová (2023)
  • John Hopfield / Geoffrey Hinton (2024)
    		•
    Nositelé Wolfovy ceny za fyziku
    1978–1979
    1980–1989
    1990–1999
    2000–2009
    2010–2019
    2020–2029
    Hughesova medaile
    1902 Joseph John Thomson • 1903 Johann Wilhelm Hittorf • 1904 Joseph Swan • 1905 Augusto Righi • 1906 Hertha Ayrton • 1907 Ernest Howard Griffiths • 1908 Eugen Goldstein • 1909 Richard Glazebrook • 1910 John Ambrose Fleming • 1911 Charles Wilson • 1912 William Duddell • 1913 Alexander Graham Bell • 1914 John Sealy Townsend • 1915 Paul Langevin • 1916 Elihu Thomson • 1917 Charles Barkla • 1918 Irving Langmuir • 1919 Charles Chree • 1920 Owen Richardson • 1921 Niels Bohr • 1922 Francis William Aston • 1923 Robert Millikan • 1924 Neudělena • 1925 Frank Edward Smith • 1926 Henry Jackson • 1927 William Coolidge • 1928 Maurice de Broglie • 1929 Hans Geiger • 1930 Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman • 1931 William Lawrence Bragg • 1932 James Chadwick • 1933 Edward Victor Appleton • 1934 Manne Siegbahn • 1935 Clinton Davisson • 1936 Walter H. Schottky • 1937 Ernest Lawrence • 1938 John Cockcroft a Ernest Walton • 1939 George Paget Thomson • 1940 Arthur Compton • 1941 Nevill Mott • 1942 Enrico Fermi • 1943 Mark Oliphant • 1944 George Finch • 1945 Basil Schonland • 1946 John Randall • 1947 Frédéric Joliot • 1948 Robert Watson-Watt • 1949 Cecil Powell • 1950 Max Born • 1951 Hendrik Kramers • 1952 Philip Dee • 1953 Edward Bullard • 1954 Martin Ryle • 1955 Harrie Massey • 1956 Frederick Lindemann • 1957 Joseph Proudman • 1958 Edward da Costa Andrade • 1959 Brian Pippard • 1960 Joseph Pawsey • 1961 Alan Cottrell • 1962 Brebis Bleaney • 1963 Frederic Williams • 1964 Abdus Salam • 1965 Denys Wilkinson • 1966 Nicholas Kemmer • 1967 Kurt Mendelssohn • 1968 Freeman Dyson • 1969 Nicholas Kurti • 1970 David Bates • 1971 Robert Hanbury Brown • 1972 Brian David Josephson • 1973 Peter Hirsch • 1974 Peter Fowler • 1975 Richard Dalitz • 1976 Stephen Hawking • 1977 Antony Hewish • 1978 William Cochran • 1979 Robert Joseph Paton Williams • 1980 Francis Farley • 1981 Peter Higgs a Tom Kibble • 1982 Drummond Matthews a Frederick Vine • 1983 John Clive Ward • 1984 Roy Kerr • 1985 Tony Skyrme • 1986 M. M. Woolfson • 1987 Michael Pepper • 1988 Archibald Howie a M. J. Whelan • 1989 John Stewart Bell • 1990 Thomas George Cowling • 1991 Philip Moon • 1992 Michael Seaton • 1993 George Isaak • 1994 Robert Chambers • 1995 David Shoenberg • 1996 Amyand Buckingham • 1997 Andrew Lang • 1998 Raymond Hide • 1999 Alexander Boksenberg • 2000 Chintamani Rao • 2001 John Pethica • 2002 Alexander Dalgarno • 2003 Peter Edwards • 2004 John Clarke • 2005 Keith Moffatt • 2006 Michael Kelly • 2007 Artur Ekert • 2008 Michele Dougherty • 2010 Andre Geim • 2011 Matthew Rosseinsky • 2013 Henning Sirringhaus • 2015 George Efstathiou • 2017 Peter Bruce • 2018 James Durrant • 2019 Andrew Ian Cooper

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