Hispanoamerika

Procentuální zastoupení španělsky mluvícího obyvatelstva
     50 %
     30 %
     20 %
     10 %
     5 %
     2 %

Jako Hispanoamerika (španělsky Hispanoamérica) se označují souhrnně latinskoamerické (iberoamerické) země Střední Ameriky a Jižní Ameriky, ve kterých se mluví španělsky. Nepočítá se sem tedy zejména portugalsky mluvící Brazílie (Lusoamerika). Pojem Hispanoamerika se občas nepřesně chápe jako synonymum k pojmu Iberoamerika nebo Latinská Amerika.

Obyvatelstvo této části světa tvoří převážnou část hispanofonních obyvatel mimo Španělska, kam přináleží obyvatelé dřívějších španělských kolonií na celém světě. Jedná se přibližně o 380 miliónů lidí. Kromě amerických států se za hispanofonní (španělsky mluvící) považují i Rovníková Guinea a Západní Sahara v Africe a částečně i Filipíny v Asii. Mimo hispanofonní země tvoří španělsky mluvící obyvatelstvo významnější část populace států Belize a USA (zhruba 44 100 000 lidí a 14,8% podíl Hispánců ve Spojených státech).

Názvy měst a míst

Při zakládání nových osad a poznávání území pojmenovávali Španělé města, hory a jiné geografické prvky často podle různých světců nebo podle názvů španělských měst (např. San Juan, San José, San Antonio, Santa Ana, San Salvador, Santo Domingo, Santiago, San Diego a Córdoba, Granada, Leon, Cartagena, Guadalajara).

Přehled států

Stát Populace (2017)[1] Rozloha [km²][2] Hlavní město HDP (v paritě kupní síly)
[ dolarů/obyv./rok] (rok 2017)[3]
Měna
ArgentinaArgentina Argentina &0000000044293293.00000044 293 293 &0000000002780400.0000002 780 400 Buenos Aires &0000000000020676.00000020 676 Argentinské peso
BolívieBolívie Bolívie [P 1] &0000000011138234.00000011 138 234 &0000000001098581.0000001 098 581 Sucre &0000000000007542.0000007 542 Bolivijský boliviano
ChileChile Chile &0000000017789267.00000017 789 267 &0000000000756102.000000756 102 Santiago de Chile &0000000000024587.00000024 587 Chilské peso
Dominikánská republika Dominik. republika &0000000010734247.00000010 734 247 &0000000000048670.00000048 670 Santo Domingo &0000000000016965.00000016 965 Dominikánské peso
EkvádorEkvádor Ekvádor &0000000016290913.00000016 290 913 &0000000000283561.000000283 561 Quito &0000000000011234.00000011 234 Americký dolar + vlastní mince
GuatemalaGuatemala Guatemala &0000000015460732.00000015 460 732 &0000000000108889.000000108 889 Ciudad de Guatemala &0000000000008172.0000008 172 Guatemalský quetzal
HondurasHonduras Honduras &0000000009038741.0000009 038 741 &0000000000112090.000000112 090 Tegucigalpa &0000000000005498.0000005 498 Honduraská lempira
KolumbieKolumbie Kolumbie &0000000047698524.00000047 698 524 &0000000001138910.0000001 138 910 Bogotá &0000000000014454.00000014 454 Kolumbijské peso
KostarikaKostarika Kostarika &0000000004930258.0000004 930 258 &0000000000051100.00000051 100 San José &0000000000017149.00000017 149 Kostarický colón
KubaKuba Kuba &0000000011147407.00000011 147 407 &0000000000110860.000000110 860 Havana &0000000000012300.00000012 300 Kubánské peso
MexikoMexiko Mexiko [P 2] &0000000124574795.000000124 574 795 &0000000001964375.0000001 964 375 Ciudad de México &0000000000019479.00000019 479 Mexické peso
NikaraguaNikaragua Nikaragua &0000000006025951.0000006 025 951 &0000000000130370.000000130 370 Managua &0000000000005822.0000005 822 Nikaragujská córdoba
PanamaPanama Panama [P 3] &0000000003753142.0000003 753 142 &0000000000075420.00000075 420 Panamá &0000000000024262.00000024 262 Panamská balboa
ParaguayParaguay Paraguay [P 4] &0000000006943739.0000006 943 739 &0000000000406752.000000406 752 Asunción &0000000000009785.0000009 785 Paraguayský guaraní
PeruPeru Peru [P 5] &0000000031036656.00000031 036 656 &0000000001285216.0000001 285 216 Lima &0000000000013341.00000013 341 Peruánský sol
PortorikoPortoriko Portoriko (USA) [P 6] &0000000003351827.0000003 351 827 &0000000000009104.0000009 104 San Juan &0000000000037895.00000037 895 Americký dolar
SalvadorSalvador Salvador &0000000006172011.0000006 172 011 &0000000000021041.00000021 041 San Salvador &0000000000008934.0000008 934 Americký dolar
UruguayUruguay Uruguay &0000000003360148.0000003 360 148 &0000000000176215.000000176 215 Montevideo &0000000000022445.00000022 445 Uruguayské peso
VenezuelaVenezuela Venezuela &0000000031304016.00000031 304 016 &0000000000912050.000000912 050 Caracas &0000000000012388.00000012 388 Venezuelský bolívar

Poznámky

  1. Status oficiálního jazyka má v Bolívii kromě španělštiny 36 indiánských jazyků
  2. Mexiko nemá ve své ústavě stanoven žádný oficiální jazyk, španělština jím ale de facto je
  3. Status oficiálního jazyka má v Panamě kromě španělštiny i 5 domorodých jazyků
  4. Španělština je oficiálním jazykem Paraguaye spolu s guaraní
  5. Peru má 3 oficiální jazyky: španělština, kečuánština a ajmarština
  6. Druhým oficiálním jazykem na Portoriku je angličtina

Reference

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