Ugljična nanocijev

Snop karbonskih nanocijevi, snimljenih skenirajućim elektronskim mikroskopom.

Karbonska nanocijev je nanoskopska struktura koja se sastoji od atoma karbona (C)[1] u obliku šupljeg cilindra. Cilindri su obično zatvoreni na krajevima polu-fulerenskim strukturama.

Nanocijevi su konstruisane sa omjerom dužina-promjer, čak do 132,000,000:1, što je više nego kod bilo kojeg drugog materijala.

Postoje tri tipa karbonskih nanocijevi i to tzv. "armchair" (fotelja), cikg-cak i spiralne (helical) nanocijevi. Ova tri tipa imaju različite simetrije. Karbonske nanocijevi mogu biti duge i nekoliko stotina nanometara. Neki ih smatraju posebnim formama fulerena. Za proizvodnju makroskopskih materijala koji su građeni od karbonskih nanocijevi, karbonske nanocijevi se slažu ili u snopove, jedna do druge tako da sačinjavaju trokutastu rešetku. To su jednozidne nanocijevi (Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs).

Druga vrsta su višezidne cijevi (Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes - MWNTs) i one se dobijaju kada se cijev manjeg radijusa stavlja u cijev većeg radijusa, pa onda unutar treće cijevi još većeg radijusa itd. Ugljične nanocijevi se već koriste u pojedinim komercijalnim tehnologijama poput display-a. Karbonske nanocijevi je otkrio Sumio Ijima 1991. godine.

Karbonske nanocijevi su jedan od najviše spominjanih gradivnih blokova nanotehnologije. Imaju stotinu puta veću otpornost na istezanje od čelika, toplotnu provodljivost bolju od najčistijeg dijamanta i električnu provodljivost sličnu bakru.

Reference

  1. ^ "carbon nanotube | Properties & Uses". Encyclopedia Britannica (jezik: engleski). Pristupljeno 22. 4. 2018.

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