Statistics relating to enlargement of the European Union

Chart of the population development of
the EU affiliated with the enlargement process.

This is a sequence of tables giving statistical data for past and future enlargements of the European Union. All data refer to the populations, land areas, and gross domestic products (GDP) of the respective countries at the time of their accession to the European Union, illustrating historically accurate changes to the Union. The GDP figures are at purchasing power parity, in United States dollar at 1990 prices.

Past enlargements

Foundation

Further information: Inner Six
The EC6 in 1957
Member countries Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$)
 Belgium 9,052,707 30,528 58.316 $46,878
 France[1] 44,788,852 674,843 312.966 $40,690
 West Germany[2] 54,292,038 248,717 400.554 $41,168
 Italy 49,476,000 301,336 265.192 $30,116
 Luxembourg 310,291 2,586 2.938 $113,533
 Netherlands 11,186,847 41,526 83.351 $50,355
EC6 (1958) 169,106,736 1,299,536 1,123.317 6,643

1973 enlargement

Further information: 1973 enlargement of the European Communities
The EC9 in 1973
Member countries Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$)
 Denmark[3] 5,021,861 43,094 70.032 $59,928
 Ireland 3,073,200 70,273 21.103 $39,638
 United Kingdom 56,210,000 244,820 675.941 $36,728
Accession countries 64,305,061 358,187 767.076 11,929
Existing members (1973) 192,457,106 1,299,536 2,381,396 12,374
EC9 (1973) 256,762,167
(+33.41%) 		1,657,723
(+25.44%) 		3,148.472
(+32.21%) 		12,262
(−0.91%)

1981 enlargement

Further information: 1981 enlargement of the European Communities
The EC10 in 1981
Member countries Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$)
 Greece 9,729,350 131,945 86.553 8,896
Existing members (1981) 261,743,191 1,657,723 3,694,558 14,115
EC10 (1981) 271,472,541
(+3.72%) 		1,789,668
(+7.96%) 		3,781.111
(+2.34%) 		13,928
(−1.33%)

1986 enlargement

Further information: 1986 enlargement of the European Communities
The EC12 in 1986
Member countries Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$)
 Portugal 9,907,411 92,391 85.610 8,641
 Spain 38,707,556 504,782 386.998 9,998
Accession countries 48,614,967 597,173 472.608 9,721
Existing members (1986) 273,398,552 1,789,668 4,186.176 15,312
EC12 (1986)
EU12 (1993) 		322,013,519
(+17.78%) 		2,386,841
(+33.37%) 		4,658.784
(+11.29%) 		14,468
(−5.51%)

1990 enlargement

Further information: German reunification
The EC12 in 1990
Member countries Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$)
 East Germany 16,111,000 108,333 159.5 9,800
Existing members (1986) 322,013,519 2,386,841 4,658.784 14,468

1995 enlargement

Further information: 1995 enlargement of the European Union
The EU15 in 1995
Member countries Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$)
 Austria 8,206,524 83,871 145.238 18,048
 Finland 5,261,008 338,145 80.955 15,859
 Sweden 9,047,752 449,964 156.640 17,644
Accession countries 22,515,284 871,980 382.833 17,378
Existing members (1995) 350,909,402 2,495,174 5,894.232 16,797
EU15 (1995) 373,424,686
(+6.4%) 		3,367,154
(+34.95%) 		6,277.065
(+6.50%) 		16,831
(+0.20%)

2004 enlargement

Further information: 2004 enlargement of the European Union
The EU25 in 2004
Member countries Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$)
 Cyprus[4] 775,927 9,250 11.681 15,054
 Czech Republic 10,246,178 78,866 105.248 10,272
 Estonia 1,341,664 45,226 22.384 16,684
 Hungary 10,032,375 93,030 102,183 10,185
 Latvia 2,306,306 64,589 24.826 10,764
 Lithuania 3,607,899 65,200 31.971 8,861
 Malta 396,851 316 5.097 12,843
 Poland 38,580,445 311,904 316.438 8,202
 Slovakia 5,423,567 49,036 42.800 7,810
 Slovenia 2,011,473 20,273 29.633 14,732
Accession countries 74,722,685 737,690 685.123 9,169
Existing members (2004) 381,781,620 3,367,154 7,711.871 20,200
EU25 (2004) 456,504,305
(+19.57%) 		4,104,844
(+17.97%) 		8,396,994
(+8.88%) 		18,394
(−8.94%)

2007 enlargement

The EU27 in 2007
Further information: 2007 enlargement of the European Union
Member countries Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$)
 Bulgaria 7,761,000 111,002 62.29 8,026
 Romania 22,329,977 238,391 204.4 9,153
Accession countries 30,090,977 349,393 266.69 8,863
Existing members (2007) 464,205,901 4,104,844 12,170.11 26,217
EU27 (2007) 494,296,878
(+6.48%) 		4,454,237
(+8.51%) 		12,436.80
(+2.04%) 		25,160.59
(−4.03%)

2013 enlargement

The EU28 in 2013
Further information: 2013 enlargement of the European Union
Member countries Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$)
 Croatia 4,290,612 56,594 80.983 18,338
Existing members (2013) 503,492,041 4,454,237 15,821.00 31,607
EU28 (2013) 506,777,111
(+0.85%) 		4,510,831
(+1.31%) 		15,868.983
(+0.51%) 		31,313.54
(−0.74%)

UK withdrawal

Further information: Brexit
The EU27 in 2020

Candidate countries

  Member states
  Candidates: Albania, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Turkey and Ukraine[1]
  Potential candidates that submitted a membership application: Bosnia and Herzegovina and Georgia[1]
  Potential candidates that have not submitted a membership application: Kosovo (status disputed)[1]

EU27

Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$)
 European Union 447,007,596 4,233,262 17,046 38,134

Albania

Country Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$) 		Languages
Albania Albania 2,845,955 28,748 18.92 6,810 Albanian
EU27 + Albania 449,853,551
(+0.64%) 		4,262,010
(+0.68%) 		17,064
(+0.12%) 		37,932
(−0.53%) 		25

(+1)

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Country Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$) 		Languages
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina 3,434,000 51,209 29.08 8,416 Bosnian

Croatian
Serbian

EU27 + Bosnia and Herzegovina 450,441,596
(+0.77%) 		4,284,471
(+1.21%) 		17,075
(+0.17%) 		37,907
(−0.60%) 		26

(+2)

Georgia

Member countries Population[2] Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$)[3] 		GDP
per capita (US$) 		Languages
Georgia (country) Georgia 3,688,647 69,700 30.00 8,164 Georgian
EU27 + Georgia 450,731,931

(+0.82%)

4,302,962

(+1.64%)

17.076

(+0.18%)

37,885

(-0.66%)

25
(+1)

Montenegro

Country Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$) 		Languages
 Montenegro 620,739 13,812 4.79 7,717 Montenegrin
EU27 + Montenegro 449,853,551
(+0.14%) 		4,262,010
(+0.33%) 		17,063
(+0.03%) 		37,930
(-0.11%) 		25

(+1)

Moldova

Country Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$) 		Languages
 Moldova 2,597,100 33,846 12.40 4,773 Romanian
EU27 + Moldova 449,604,696
(+0.58%) 		4,267,108
(+0.80%) 		17,059
(+0.07%) 		37,942
(-0.51%) 		24

North Macedonia

Country Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$) 		Languages
North Macedonia 1,836,713 25,713 13.89 7,562 Macedonian
EU27 + North Macedonia 448,844,309
(+0.41%) 		4,258,975
(+0.61%) 		17,060
(+0.08%) 		38,009
(-0.33%) 		25

(+1)

Serbia

Country Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$) 		Languages
 Serbia 6,871,547 77,474 65.70 9,561 Serbian
EU27 + Serbia 453,879,143
(+1.54%) 		4,310,736
(+1.83%) 		17,112
(+0.39%) 		37,702
(-1.13%) 		25
(+1)

Turkey

Country Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$) 		Languages
 Turkey 84,680,273 783,356 692.38 8,176 Turkish
EU27 + Turkey 531,687,869
(+18.94%) 		5,016,618
(+18.50%) 		17,739
(+4.06%) 		33,363
(-12.51%) 		25
(+1)

Ukraine

Country Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$) 		Languages
 Ukraine 41,167,336 603,628 181 4,397 Ukrainian
EU27 + Ukraine 488,174,932
(+9.21%) 		4,836,890
(+14.26%) 		17,227
(+1.06%) 		35,289
(-7.46%) 		25
(+1)

All Candidates

Countries Population Area (km2) GDP
(billion US$) 		GDP
per capita (US$)
 Albania
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
 Georgia
 Moldova
 Montenegro
North Macedonia
 Serbia
 Turkey
 Ukraine 		147,742,310 1,687,486 1,048 7,093
EU36 594,749,906
(+33.05%) 		5,920,748
(+39.86%) 		18,094
(+6.15%) 		30,423
(-20.22%)

Note: All data sourced from individual country entries on Wikipedia. Populations usually 2021 estimates; historical/future estimates not used. Figures are approximate due to fluctuations in population and economies.


See also

Footnotes

1. ^ Algeria was part of France until 1962.
2. ^ German reunification in 1990 led to the inclusion of the territory of the former German Democratic Republic. This enlargement is not explicitly mentioned. Data for Germany in all tables is from current statistics.
3. ^ Greenland left the EC in 1985.
4. ^ Officially the whole of Cyprus lies within the European Union. "In light of Protocol 10 of the Accession Treaty 2003 Cyprus as a whole entered the EU, whereas the acquis is suspended in the northern part of the island ("areas not under effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus"). This means inter alia that these areas are outside the customs and fiscal territory of the EU. The suspension has territorial effect, but does not concern the personal rights of Turkish Cypriots as EU citizens, as they are considered as citizens of the Member State Republic of Cyprus"[5].

References

  • "Total Economy Database". Groningen Growth and Development Centre. January 2007. Archived from the original on 13 October 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2007.
  • "Eurostat database". Eurostat.

Citations

  1. ^ a b c "Joining the EU". European Commission. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
  2. ^ "Population of Georgia". data.worldbank.org. United Nations Population Division. 16 July 2023. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
  3. ^ "GDP, current prices". www.imf.org/en/Home. International Monetary Fund. October 2023. Retrieved 10 November 2023.